A emergência de uma massa de novos consumidores no Brasil na década de 2000 gerou a necessidade, por parte das empresas e organizações, de conhecer hábitos, comportamentos e gostos desta parcela da população, que até então estava invisível, pela restrição econômica, aos olhos do mercado. Gerou também uma intensa discussão sobre a reconfiguração de nossa sociedade, em que importa a suposta criação de nova classe social, a \"nova classe média\" ou \"nova classe C\". Estes fatos provocaram o interesse inicial para o desenvolvimento desta Tese de Doutorado, que, assentada no paradigma marxista, buscou lançar mão de arcabouço teórico capaz de compreender as questões relacionadas ao tema central, o consumo, e de seu reconhecido vetor, a Publicidade, conjugadas à discussão sobre as condições materiais impostas pela sociedade capitalista. Os objetivos foram aprofundar o conhecimento teórico sobre o consumo e suas significações; contribuir para a análise sobre os novos consumidores em particular; compreender as suas representações por meio da Publicidade. A base metódica foi composta por revisão bibliográfica, pesquisa qualitativa com consumidores e análise semiótica. O percurso de pesquisa ampliou seu escopo inicial e, ao final, foi possível elaborar e propor tipos ideais de processos de consumo ancorados no quadro mais amplo de classes sociais. Esses processos, com o auxílio da análise das representações na Publicidade, foram descritos em diferentes dimensões que, a nosso ver, compõem a complexa sociedade contemporânea: a dimensão fluida dos movimentos ascendentes ou segregatórios do consumo, a dimensão rígida da estrutura e das classes sociais, a dimensão simbólica das representações. Desenhou-se assim o que chamamos de retratos sociocomunicacionais. / The emergence of a mass of new consumers in Brazil, in the decade of 2000, created the need for companies and organizations to learn about the habits, behavior patterns and preferences of this portion of the population, which, until then, was invisible to the market\'s eye, as a result of economic strain. It also triggered an intense discussion on the reconfiguration of our society, to which the supposed creation of a new social class is of importance, the \"new middle class\" or \"new C social class\". These facts attracted our first interest in preparing this PhD Thesis, which, based on the Marxist paradigm, resorted to a theoretical framework that is able to understand the issues related to the main topic, consumption, and its acknowledged vector, Advertising, combined with the discussion on the material conditions a capitalist society imposes. The goals are those of diving deep into the theoretical knowledge on consumption and its meanings; of adding to the analysis conducted on new consumers in particular; of understanding its representations by means of Advertising Activities. Bibliographic review, quantitative research conducted with consumers, and semiotic analysis comprise the methodical base. The research path expanded its initial scope, and, ultimately, we were able to prepare and propose ideal types of consumption processes supported by the wider range of social classes. These processes, with the help of the analysis conducted on representations used in Advertising, were described within different dimensions, which, in our opinion, comprise the complex, contemporary society: the fluid dimension of consumption\'s ascending or segregated movements, the unbending dimension of structure and social classes, the symbolic dimension of representations. And so were designed what we call socio-communicational portraits.

A emergência de uma massa de novos consumidores no Brasil na década de 2000 gerou a necessidade, por parte das empresas e organizações, de conhecer hábitos, comportamentos e gostos desta parcela da população, que até então estava invisível, pela restrição econômica, aos olhos do mercado. Gerou também uma intensa discussão sobre a reconfiguração de nossa sociedade, em que importa a suposta criação de nova classe social, a \"nova classe média\" ou \"nova classe C\". Estes fatos provocaram o interesse inicial para o desenvolvimento desta Tese de Doutorado, que, assentada no paradigma marxista, buscou lançar mão de arcabouço teórico capaz de compreender as questões relacionadas ao tema central, o consumo, e de seu reconhecido vetor, a Publicidade, conjugadas à discussão sobre as condições materiais impostas pela sociedade capitalista. Os objetivos foram aprofundar o conhecimento teórico sobre o consumo e suas significações; contribuir para a análise sobre os novos consumidores em particular; compreender as suas representações por meio da Publicidade. A base metódica foi composta por revisão bibliográfica, pesquisa qualitativa com consumidores e análise semiótica. O percurso de pesquisa ampliou seu escopo inicial e, ao final, foi possível elaborar e propor tipos ideais de processos de consumo ancorados no quadro mais amplo de classes sociais. Esses processos, com o auxílio da análise das representações na Publicidade, foram descritos em diferentes dimensões que, a nosso ver, compõem a complexa sociedade contemporânea: a dimensão fluida dos movimentos ascendentes ou segregatórios do consumo, a dimensão rígida da estrutura e das classes sociais, a dimensão simbólica das representações. Desenhou-se assim o que chamamos de retratos sociocomunicacionais. / The emergence of a mass of new consumers in Brazil, in the decade of 2000, created the need for companies and organizations to learn about the habits, behavior patterns and preferences of this portion of the population, which, until then, was invisible to the market\'s eye, as a result of economic strain. It also triggered an intense discussion on the reconfiguration of our society, to which the supposed creation of a new social class is of importance, the \"new middle class\" or \"new C social class\". These facts attracted our first interest in preparing this PhD Thesis, which, based on the Marxist paradigm, resorted to a theoretical framework that is able to understand the issues related to the main topic, consumption, and its acknowledged vector, Advertising, combined with the discussion on the material conditions a capitalist society imposes. The goals are those of diving deep into the theoretical knowledge on consumption and its meanings; of adding to the analysis conducted on new consumers in particular; of understanding its representations by means of Advertising Activities. Bibliographic review, quantitative research conducted with consumers, and semiotic analysis comprise the methodical base. The research path expanded its initial scope, and, ultimately, we were able to prepare and propose ideal types of consumption processes supported by the wider range of social classes. These processes, with the help of the analysis conducted on representations used in Advertising, were described within different dimensions, which, in our opinion, comprise the complex, contemporary society: the fluid dimension of consumption\'s ascending or segregated movements, the unbending dimension of structure and social classes, the symbolic dimension of representations. And so were designed what we call socio-communicational portraits.

The topic of this thesis is "Protection of child labour - children's performance in artistic, cultural, sports or advertising activities". The first part of this thesis presents the historical excursion to the evolution of the legislation of the child labour in the Czech countries. The first rules on the protection of children at work were adopted already at the end of the 18th century, hovewer the greatest development came during the 19th century and in the days of the "First Republic". Since 1966, the regulation of the child labour was set in the Labour Code no. 65/1965 Coll., where endured (even after the adoption of the new Labour Code no. 262/2006 Coll.), until the adoption of the Civil Code no. 89/2012 Coll. The second part is focused on the international aspect of the protection of the child labour. At the global level, the United Nations and its Specialized Agencies and Programmes, such as the International Labour Organization and the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) take the important part. Thanks to these institutions several key documents, such as The Convention on the Rights of the Child, 1989, ILO Convention No. 138 on the Minimum Age for Admission to Employment and Work, 1973, and ILO Convention No. 182 on the Worst Forms of Child Labour, 1999, have been adopted. Beside the...

In the framework of public auctions the auction-companies work, which on the one hand face the problem of realizing the public auction from the point of view of marketing, on the other hand, at the same time, they try to be visible in the relationship the auctioneer and the auction proposer. It is a closed cycle whose task is to strengthen the marketing potential and, at the same time to increase the financial profit of the firm. The aim of this diplom thesis is focused on the advertising acivities of a smalll auction company, which at present is not very effective. This auction company has been lately rather successful and has proved its vitality, on the contrary, its profits in the form af the auctioneer´s rewards have started to stagnate. One of the reasons may be its lack of financial means which might have been released for the purpose of advertising. That is why, the aim of this diploma thesis is to avaluate the present advertising activities of an auction company. The positive and negative working of a concrete auctioneer in the public auctions market is going to be specified by help of single cases. The aim is also the identifying of the elementary mistakes giving evidences of bad advertising activities of the company. In the conclusion some recommendations concerning advertising activities are defined; their task is to enable small auction companies to make themselves more visible in the public auctions market.