The purpose of this study was to investigate community development through the ward committee structures in the Northern Areas of the Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality. Community development through the ward committees is the key principle in the democratisation process, as well as the promotion of good governance. Community development is an opportunity for both local government and the community to strengthen the democracy that is being enjoyed; and simultaneously to promote accountability. In terms of the Local Government: Municipal Systems, 2000 (Act 32 of 2000), the role of local communities in the particular interests of their municipality must take place, among other things, by the ward councillor – as well as all other suitable procedures, mechanisms and processes set up by the municipality. Ward committees have the power to advise the ward councillor; and as municipal structures, they must ensure that there is always community participation in the sphere of local government. Community participation gives communities the opportunities to express their views, as well as giving them a sense of ownership. The objectives of the study were: - To determine the roles and responsibilities of the ward councillors in terms of the new developmental mandate (the need to encourage the involvement of communities and organisations in local government matters). - To investigate the relations between ward councillors and their ward committees, and between the offices of ward councillors and the general public. - To examine the extent to which ward councillors in the northern areas of the Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality understand the policy and administrative procedures and processes in the municipality, when addressing issues that affect the community. In order to achieve these objectives, it was necessary to review literature on community participation. An empirical search was conducted in wards 10 and 11 in the Northern Areas of Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality. Recommendations were provided which could assist the municipality to effectively make use of the ward committees and the ward councillors. If implemented, these recommendations could also enhance community development through the ward committee structures. Thus, the relationship between the ward committees and the ward councillor should be harmonious; and subsequently, they should also strengthen trust between them. Then the flow of communication will improve.

Selon les études en innovation démocratique, les comités consultatifs manqueraient généralement de représentativité et d’influence, ce qui en ferait des institutions participatives faibles. Pourtant, des milliers de citoyen·nes s’impliquent dans des comités consultatifs à travers le monde. Leur engagement est étonnant, car leur pouvoir politique et leur légitimité démocratique semblent considérablement limités. L’étude du cas des comités consultatifs des services aux élèves handicapés et en difficulté d’adaptation et d’apprentissage (comités EHDAA) permet de mieux comprendre pourquoi des citoyen·nes désirent s’impliquer dans de tels dispositifs imparfaits. Les comités EHDAA sont rattachés aux centres de services scolaires québécois et incluent une majorité de parents. Les parents des deux comités EHDAA étudiés font face à des contraintes importantes quant à leur légitimité démocratique et à leur influence. Ils trouvent quand même, à l’intérieur de ces comités, des occasions significatives de faire valoir les intérêts des élèves en situation de handicap ou de difficulté scolaire. La façon dont ils effectuent ce travail de représentation varie toutefois d’une personne à l’autre, selon les ressources qu’ils possèdent et leur attitude face aux limites démocratiques de leur comité. / According to studies on democratic innovations, advisory councils generally lack representativeness and influence, which makes them weak participatory institutions. However, thousands of citizens are involved in advisory councils around the world. Their participation is surprising because their political power and democratic legitimacy seem considerably limited. Studying the case of Advisory Committees on Special Education Services (ACSES) allows us to better understand why citizens get involved in such imperfect institutions. In Québec, ACSES are affiliated to school boards and include a majority of parents. The parents of the two ACSES studied face significant constraints regarding their democratic legitimacy and their influence. Nonetheless, they find within these institutions significant opportunities to advocate for the interests of students with disabilities and academic difficulties. Parents play their roles as representatives differently, depending on their resources and their attitudes towards the democratic limits of their committee.