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L'activité de transposition professionnelle et didactique dans le travail de vulgarisatrices agricoles féminine en Tunisie / The activity of professional and didactic transposition in women extension agricultural work with rural women in TunisiaOueslati, Afifa 10 October 2011 (has links)
En voulant revoir le concept de transposition didactique (TD) dans un milieu professionnel, nous avons étudié le travail des vulgarisatrices agricoles féminines en Tunisie. Deux thèses sont soutenues simultanément : a/ La limite du concept de transposition didactique dans la lecture d’un espace de travail et l’intérêt du concept d’activité. b/ Contrairement à la représentation répandue, à savoir d’être des agents d’exécution, les vulgarisatrices sont plutôt des travailleuses créatives et créatrices de possibles. La combinaison d’approches sociologiques, psychologique historico-culturelles, didactique disciplinaire et didactique professionnelle, a permis, par des observations directes, des analyses d’entretiens et de documents, de suivre le processus de TD du début jusqu’à la fin avec des vulgarisatrices sur le terrain. Nous découvrons alors que le processus de TD ne rend compte que d’une partie de la réalité professionnelle qui est complétée par l’analyse de l’activité des vulgarisatrices. La transposition n’est pas uniquement didactique mais elle est avant tout professionnelle pragmatique. Tout en constituant un référent à la transposition, le cadre prescriptif influence et contraint les vulgarisatrices prises dans son mécanisme, mais la transposition est également le produit de leur activité socialement, culturellement et émotionnellement située. Nous comprenons mieux ainsi la diversité des activités de transposition situées et individuelles. / While re-examining the concept of didactic transposition (DT) in a professional environment, we studied the work of female agricultural advisors in Tunisia. Two arguments are simultaneously defended. A) The limits of the concept of “didactic transposition” in analysing a work environment and the interest of the concept of “activity”. B) Women who act as agricultural advisors are creative workers rather than simple executants. We combined sociological, psychological, historical and cultural approaches, academic and vocational didactics, directly observing women in charge of agricultural extension, analysing interviews and documents, following the process of DT from the beginning to the end. We thus discovered that the process of DT only partly accounts for the reality of these women’s work, the analysis of their activity supplementing it. Transposition is not only didactic; it is also vocational and pragmatic. The prescriptive framework constitutes a referent for transposition; it also influences and constrains the women who are involved in agricultural extension. Transposition is the result of their activity which is socially, culturally and emotionally situated. We are thus better able to understand the diversity of the activities of transposition once they have been situated in a context and recognized in their individuality.
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Untersuchungen und Kalkulationstabellen zur Schätzung der N2-Fixierleistung und der N-Flächenbilanz beim Anbau von Lupinus albus und Lupinus luteus in Reinsaat und von Vicia faba und Pisum sativum in Reinsaat und im Gemenge mit Avena sativa / Estimation of the nitrogen fixation and the N balance in cultivations of Lupinus albus and Lupinus luteus as sole crops and of Vicia faba and Pisum sativum as sole crops and in mixed stands with Avena sativa - resarches and calculation charts -Jost, Britta 11 July 2003 (has links)
No description available.
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Sicurezza alimentare nei Paesi in Via di Sviluppo: il caso studio del progetto “Produzione di cibo appropriato; sufficiente, sicuro e sostenibile" / FOOD SECURITY IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: THE CASE OF "PRODUCTION OF APPROPRIATE FOOD: SUFFICIENT, SAFE AND SUSTAINABLE" PROJECTMINARDI, ANDREA 16 December 2019 (has links)
L’insicurezza alimentare colpisce soprattutto le famiglie rurali povere che vivono di agricoltura di sussistenza nei Paesi in via di Sviluppo. Nell’ottica di fornire un supporto alle comunità che si trovano in queste condizioni, L’Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore e la Fondazione Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi hanno avviato nel 2012 il progetto “Produzione di cibo appropriato, sufficiente, sicuro e sostenibile”. Il progetto si propone di avviare Centri Pilota in collaborazione con le diocesi che promuovano uno una intensificazione delle produzioni agricole e una dieta sostenibile dal punto di vista etico-sociale, economico e ambientale. I Paesi in cui opera il progetto sono l’India (Meghalaya State) e la Repubblica Democratica del Congo – RDC (Lomami province). Con l’aiuto dei team locali sono state raccolte informazioni sulle abitudini produttive e alimentari della popolazione. Su questi dati è stata svolta una analisi circa l’impatto che il progetto ha avuto sulla sicurezza alimentare (disponibilità e accesso) delle famiglie coinvolte. Il numero di polli allevati (India) e l’Household Dietary Diversity Score (India and RDC) sono stati utilizzati come proxy per la disponibilità e l’accesso di cibo, rispettivamente. L’analisi statistica è stata effettuata usando differenti approcci dello Propensity Score Match (Logit + Nearest Neighbour and GenMatch) per valutare ATT (Effetto medio del trattamento sul gruppo “trattato”). Per quanto riguarda l’India sono stati analizzati i) il numero di polli allevati (food availability) e ii) l’HDDS (Household Dietary Diversity) per la food access. Il progetto ha avuto un impatto positivo ma non significativo sul numero di polli allevato, che però non si è tradotto in un miglioramento dell’HDDS delle famiglie di piccoli agricoltori coinvolti nel progetto. Per la RDC è stato analizzato solo l’impatto sulla food access (HDDS). In questo caso l’impatto del progetto sulla sicurezza alimentare dei piccoli agricoltori è stato positivo ma non significativo. I risultati mostrano che un miglioramento nella qualità della dieta (HDDS) implica, oltre ad un miglioramento delle produzioni (in qualità e in quantità), è necessario anche un miglioramento della educazione (anche nutrizionale) e dell’accesso al mercato. / Food Insecurity (FI) affects especially poor rural people that rely on Subsistence Agriculture in developing countries. With the purpose to help the community that living in that conditions, in 2012 the Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore and the Fondazione Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi have started the “Production of appropriate food: safe sufficient and sustainable” project. The project aims to open Pilot Center in agreement with local Diocese to promote the Agricultural production Intensification agriculture and Diets that are sustainable (ethical, economic and environmental). The project is active in India (Meghalaya State) and the Democratic Republic of Congo (Lomami Province). Helped by the local team, information was collected on production and diets habits. An analysis of the impact that the project had on food security (availability and access) of the families involved was carried out on these data. Number of Chicken (India) and Household Dietary Diversity Score - HDDS (India and DRC) as a proxy for food availability and access, were respectively utilised. Thus, we used different Propensity Score Match approach (Logit + Nearest Neighbour and GenMatch) to evaluate the ATT (average treatment effect on the treated group). Regarding India, the number of chickens bred (as food availability) and the HDDS (food access) were analyzed. While the number of chickens bred is positive but not significant, the HDDS values of smallholder farmers involved in the project did not improved. Moving to DRC, only the HDDS was analyzed. In this case, the project had a positive impact on beneficiary families, but it was not significant. The results point out that diet improving (HDDS) advances the production, both in quality and quantity, but is not a sufficient condition per se. Furthermore, it is also essential to enhance the educational path which focuses on nutritional issues and the access to food from market.
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