<p>This report presents an analysis of a partial differential equation, resulting from population model with age structure. The existence and uniqueness of a solution to the equation are proved. We look at stability of the solution. The asymptotic behaviour of the solution is treated. The report also contains a section about the connection between the solution to the age structure population model and a simple model without age structure.</p>

This report presents an analysis of a partial differential equation, resulting from population model with age structure. The existence and uniqueness of a solution to the equation are proved. We look at stability of the solution. The asymptotic behaviour of the solution is treated. The report also contains a section about the connection between the solution to the age structure population model and a simple model without age structure.

Demographic transition implies severe challenges for high income nations, for instance Japan, as the population decreases due to declines in birth rates as well as the higher rate of elderly population. More women are entering the labor market which affects birth rates. In addition, technological progress has improved health care and standard of living, bringing up life expectancies. However, the elderly population is increasing, elevating the dependency ratio which dampens the economic growth. The changed age structure alters the ratio of labor force negatively relative to population, in spite of the higher female labor participation. This paper analyzes how the current demographic transition in advanced countries influences economic growth. The paper is focused on Japan that is currently dealing with the consequences from the fastest increase in the percentage share of the elderly population compared to the other high income countries. The empirical analysis is based on a growth accounting model that estimates the impact of demographic factors on growth rates in high income countries. The empirical results indicate that demographic factors such as life expectancy and total dependency ratio have a negative impact on economic growth. The conclusion is that Japan and other rich countries have to make greater efforts in dampening the demographic change by policy making and in-migration.

Kai pradėjau rašyti magistrinį darbą (2006 m.), tai Lietuvos nacionaliniai parkai (išskyrus Aukštaitijos nacionalinį parką) gyvavo jau penkiolika metų, nes visi jie įkurti 1991 m. ir turi labai svarbią reikšmę visai Lietuvos saugojamų teritorijų sistemai. Jie yra įkurti išsaugoti tautai, visoms jos kartoms vertingą gamtiniu, kultūriniu ir istoriniu požiūriu Lietuvos etnokultūrinį palikimą, vertingus moksliniu požiūriu kraštovaizdžio kompleksus, propaguoti Lietuvos etninių rajonų materialinį bei dvasinį kultūrinį palikimą, sudaryti sąlygas poilsiui ir turizmui. Šias funkcijas jie sėkmingai atlieka, tačiau visuose parkuose kiek mažiau akcentuojamos labai sudėtingos socialinės ekonominės ir ypatingai demografinės problemos. Todėl šiame darbe labiau akcentuojamos būtent jos. Trakų istorinis nacionalinis parkas – yra unikalus ne tik istoriniu požiūriu, bet ir savitas demografinių urbanistinių procesų raidoje. Šiame parke vykstantys nepalankūs socialiniai-ekonominiai, o ypač demografiniai procesai kelia didelę grėsmę parko išlikimui. Todėl pateikta jau apdorota ir išanalizuota demografinė informacija ypač naudinga rengiant programas šių parkų išsaugojimui. Darbo tikslas-apžvelgti Trakų rajono gamtos ir kultūros išteklių ypatumus, atlikti Trakų miesto ir jo apylinkių (TINP teritorijoje) sociogeografinę analizę, analizuojant demografinę situaciją 1989-2004 m. išskiriant socialinius pokyčius, remiantis literatūros, mokslinių šaltinių analize bei statistiniais duomenimis, atlikti... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / When I started writing this master degree paper in 2006, national parks in Lithuania, with the exception of Aukštaitijos national park, had been existing for 15 years, as they all were found in 1991. Now they have a very important meaning to the whole system of Lithuanian preserved territories. They were found in order to preserve naturally, culturally and historically valuable Lithuania’s ethnocultural heritage, scientifically valuable landscape complexes, to propogate material and mental cultural heritage of Lithuania’s ethnical regions, to create conditions for leasure and tourism. They fulfill these functions, however, all the parks emphasize less very complicated social economic and especially demographic problems. Thereforethis work lays a greater stress on them. Trakai historic national park is unique not only historically but also in the development of demographic urbanistic processes. The unfavourable socioeconomic and demographic process going on there threaten the survival of the park. Here is given the already analyzed demographic information very usefull in preparing programs for the preservation of the park. The aim of the work is to make an overview of the peculiarities of natural and cultural resources of the Trakai district, to make a sociogeographic analysis of the city of Trakai and its districts (in the territory of TINP). This will be done analyzing the demographic situation in 1989 – 2004, pointing out social and economic changes. I will... [to full text]

We study empirically the role of education, age structure and other socioeconomic factors as a determinant of the transition to stable democratic regimes. Our findings suggest that educational improvements (in particular in primary education) and policies towards reducing inequalities in educational attainment play a particularly important role as a catalyst of sustainable democratization processes. (authors' abstract) / Series: Department of Economics Working Paper Series

Diss. (sammanfattning) Umeå : Sveriges lantbruksuniv. / Härtill 6 uppsatser.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Uppsala : Sveriges lantbruksuniv., 2003. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

Analysis and forecast of the number and demographic structure of dentists in the Czech Republic Abstract Demographic aging and the associated fear of shortage of dentists in the near future is currently frequent topic. This problem is caused in the late seventies and early eighties, when unusually large number of graduates of dental disciplines finished studium and became dentists. In the next few years, the number of graduates declined significantly, and then held for decades at a constant level. This dominant age category of dentists has currently reached retirement age. A large number of old dentists provoked a reaction in the form of re-increase university capacity and current number of graduates is comparable with numbers in the period before 35-40 years ago. The purpose of this paper is to examine this changes and decide, if this changes were sufficient to keep current situation in the field of dental health care. Keywords: dentists, aging of dentists, forecast, age structure, Czech Republic

Main aim of this master thesis is to found out if the migration influenced age structure of population of Mladá Bolesv in second half od 19th century. Data of marages used in this paper are based on register of Mladá Boleslav in set period. The thesis is divided into two parts, first consist of development of Mladá Boleslav city, data source, methods used to analyse said data and basic theories. Second part is focused on the analyzing the structure of population based on age and gender, geografical mobility, occupation and seasonality of marriage. Data have been analysed using Microsoft Excel, all maps have been created using geografical software ArcGIS. Keywords: Mladá Boleslav, nuptiality, historical demography, migration, age structure

The total size of the world population is likely to increase from its current 7 billion to 8-10 billion by 2050. This uncertainty is because of unknown future fertility and mortality trends in different parts of the world. But the young age structure of the population and the fact that in much of Africa and Western Asia, fertility is still very high makes an increase by at least one more billion almost certain. Virtually, all the increase will happen in the developing world. For the second half of the century, population stabilization and the onset of a decline are likely. In addition to the future size of the population, its distribution by age, sex, level of educational attainment and place of residence are of specific importance for studying future food security. The paper provides a detailed discussion of different relevant dimensions in population projections and an evaluation of the methods and assumptions used in current global population projections and in particular those produced by the United Nations and by IIASA.