Dissertation offers a plan for air – conditioning equipment of library building in Brno and it involves air filter experimental measurement. The proposal is divided into three parts. The first part explains air filter theory with detailed description of atmospheric air filters for separation of particles for general ventilation - filter parameter determination. Theory part ends specifically with pocket air filters and their construction. The second part focuses on experimental pocket air filter measurement execution, which calculates with variable filter cartridges and pocket count. Measurement also evaluates pressure drop and their efficiency. The last part of the dissertation looks at air – conditioning equipment design for specified building, concretely library building. The project solves fresh air traffic into interior of selected library rooms and it counts with thermal heat gain in summer season, heat loss in winter season and air humidity modification.

The diploma thesis deals with the analysis of problems of unevenly stratified air flow in air handling units and subsequent optimization with respect to speed ratios, energy efficiency and legislative requirements. Methods of solving the problem are theoretical and experimental, while the theoretical part deals with air distribution by means of air-conditioning fans with a focus on their aerodynamics, pressure conditions and other requirements, which are an integral part of properly designed equipment. In the experimental part of the thesis was applied a proposal of an innovative technical approach to a specific model of air conditioning assembly, which was implemented in the laboratories of the Institute of Building Services.

This thesis examines the influence of the intensity of pressure strain of structures printed on the value of air permeability. The measurement is carried out using Blower Door Test on six variants using OSB boards as airtightening layers in the building. Part of the research was to verify the suitability of the test chamber and measuring devices for similar purposes and adjustment chamber

Ces travaux portent sur l'étude et le développement d'un système de caractérisation de radioaltimètres. La propagation Air-Sol-Air, contexte particulier du canal de propagation aéronautique adaptée aux radioaltimètres, est étudiée et modélisée. Une approche hybride basée sur le lancer de rayon et les fonctions de distribution de la réflectance bidirectionnelle est proposée pour le développement d'un simulateur de canal de propagation dédié aux radioaltimètres. Les modèles issus de cet outil sont validés par confrontation à des essais en vol et une méthode de conditionnement des résultats est proposée pour les rendre utilisables dans un accumulateur de canaux de propagation temps réel. L'architecture matérielle et logicielle de celui-ci est détaillée dans ce manuscrit et son fonctionnement est validé par la mesure. / This thesis presents the study and the development of a radar-altimeter characterization tool. The Air-Ground-Air propagation channel is a specific context of the aeronautical channel applied to the radar-altimeters. A new hybrid method designed to the development of a channel simulator is described. This one is based upon ray tracing and bidirectionnal reflectance distribution functions and permits to obtain channel models validated by comparison with on flight measurements. A pre-conditioning method is also explained to make the channel models ready to be used in a real time channel emulator. The hardware and software architecture of this channel emulator is detailed in this book and its behavior is validated with laboratory measurements.

Legal Regulation of Air Quality Protection Abstract This diploma thesis provides an overview of the legislation on air quality in the Czech Republic with a focus on the regulation in the Act No. 201/2012 Coll., on air protection including a detailed analysis of some problematic aspects and current issues. Air pollution is the actual global issue that is discussed not only in the Czech Republic but also all over the world, mainly because of the harmful effects on human health and the environment. This paper is organized as follows. The introductory chapter defines the necessary terms, which are essential to the following text of the paper. This chapter also describes the distribution of air pollutant sources and the importance of this distribution for subsequent obligations. The next chapter provides an overview of the historical development of Czech, international and European air quality legislation following by chapters, where the individual types of regulatory instruments to reduce air pollution are analyzed. The chapter on conceptual instruments mainly focuses on the National Emission Reduction Programme of the Czech Republic and an Air Quality Improvement Programs, including an analysis of the changes brought by the amendment to the Air Protection Act implemented by Act No. 172/2018 Coll. Moreover...

Hybrid testing is an emerging technique for system emulation that uses a transfer system composed of actuators and sensors to couple physical tests of a critical component or substructure to a numerical simulation of the remainder of a system and its complete operating environment. The realisation of modern real-time hybrid tests for multi-body contact-impact problems often proves infeasible due to (i) hardware with bandwidth limitations and (ii) the unavailability of control schemes that provide satisfactory force and position tracking in the presence of sharp non-linearities or discontinuities. Where this is the case, the possibility of employing a pseudo-dynamic technique remains, enabling tests to be conducted on an enlarged time scale thus relaxing bothbandwidth and response time constraints and providing inherent loop stability. Exploiting the pseudo-dynamic technique, this thesis presents the development of Robotic Pseudo-Dynamic Testing (RPsDT), a dedicated method that specifically targets the realisation of hybrid tests for multi-body contact-impact problems using commercial off- the shelve (COTS) industrial robotic manipulators. The RPsDT method is evaluated in on-ground studies of air-to-air refuelling (AAR) maneuvers with probe-hose-drogue systems where the critical contact and coupling phase is tested pseudo-dynamicallywith full-scale refuelling hardware while the flight regime is emulated in simulation. It is shown that the RPsDT method can faithfully reproduce the dominant contact impact phenomena between probe and drogue while minor discrepancies result from the absence of rate-dependant damping in the force feedback measurements. In combination with full-speed robot controlled contact tests, reliable estimates for impact forces, strain distributions and drogue responses to off-centre hits are obtained providing extensive improvements over current predictive capabilities for the in-flight behaviour of refuelling hardware and it is concluded that the technique shows great promise for industrial applications.

Thesis--School of Advanced Air and Space Studies. / "June 2003." Includes bibliographical references (p. 100-103).

Understanding the quality of the air we breathe is critical in quantifying the impact that atmospheric chemistry has on health. Poor air quality increases the risk of heart and lung diseases as well as having a detrimental effect on climate, ecology and the built environment. The burning of fossil fuels and plant matter (biomass burning) creates large quantities of gases and particulate matter that impact air quality and the air we breathe. Biomass burning is estimated to contribute 400 Tg of non-methane organic compounds, 40 Tg of methane and 7.1 Tg of nitrogen oxides to the atmosphere each year. This thesis aims to better understand the role of biomass burning on air quality and tropospheric chemistry. The in depth analysis presented here addresses of the impact of boreal biomass burning in North America on air quality, in particular, carbon monoxide (CO) and ozone (O3). By using a number of different modelling techniques along with data collected from a field campaign and satellites the transport and chemistry of biomass burning emissions were analysed and quantified. The first research chapter of the thesis used the GEOS-Chem atmospheric chemistry transport model to interpret aircraft measurements of CO in biomass burning outflow taken during the 2011 BORTAS-B campaign over Canada. The model has some skill reproducing the observed variability, but has a positive bias for observations < 100 ppb and a negative bias for observations > 300 ppb. It was found that observed CO variations are largely due to fires over Ontario, with smaller and less variable contributions from fossil fuel combustion from eastern Asia and NE North America. To help interpret observed variations of CO an effective physical age of emissions (¯A) metric was developed. It was found that during BORTAS-B the age of emissions intercepted over Halifax, Nova Scotia is typically 4–11 days, and on occasion as young as two days. The analysis shows that ¯A is typically 1–5 days older than the associated photochemical ages inferred from co-located measurements of different hydrocarbons. It is argued that a robust observed relationship between CO and black carbon aerosol during BORTAS-B (r² > 0.7), form the basis of indirect evidence that aerosols co-emitted with gases during pyrolysis markedly slowed down the plume photochemistry during BORTAS-B with respect to photochemistry at the same latitude and altitude in clear skies. The second research chapter focuses on O3 production downwind from boreal biomass burning. Using the GEOS-Chem model, the O3 chemistry within a biomass burning plume from a fire on 17 July 2011 in mid-Canada was examined. The model shows a significant positive bias (~20 ppb) in reproducingO3 mixing ratios over North America for July 2011 when compared to observations. Reducing NO emissions from lightning and fossil fuel by 50% and 54% respectively reduced this bias to ~10 ppb. The cause of the remaining bias is uncertain. Using a novel technique with the model, the centre of the biomass burning plume was tracked and O3 concentrations and chemistry was extracted from the centre of the plume. The biomass burning enhanced O3 concentrations throughout the plume by between 1 – 20 ppb when compared with the same plume path with no biomass burning. The plume was characterised as being NOx-rich for the initial four days of transport. The sensitivity of the O3 chemistry to different emissions was calculated and it was found that the O3 is initially highly sensitive to NO emissions from biomass burning and then to NO emissions from fossil fuels as it travels across an urban area surrounding Quebec City. The O3 net production was found to initially decrease with an increase in NO but increase further downwind. The final research chapter of the thesis uses long-term satellite observations to evaluate natural variability in CO concentrations over the North Atlantic. 15 years of MOPITT CO column observations were used along with modelled CO from the GEOS-Chem model. The model was evaluated against the MOPITT overpass and shows a negative bias of between -8% and -24% over the northern mid-latitudes with the largest bias seen in spring. The model has a large positive bias (8% – 40%) over the Amazon,West Africa and Indonesia through all seasons. Using Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) analysis on the MOPITT and GEOS-Chem CO columns shows the largest mode of variability seen in the North Atlantic to be the oxidation of methane for winter and spring, biomass burning during summer and fossil fuel combustion from East Asia during autumn.

A key reaction in the troposphere involves the oxidation of biogenic and anthropogenic alkenes with ozone, which contributes to local photochemical smog. It is generally accepted that this reaction proceeds via a reactive intermediate often called the Criegee intermediate (CI). This reaction is known to produce a plethora of oxidised organic compounds, which contribute to ozone formation and secondary organic aerosol production, two of the main characteristics of a polluted atmosphere. Furthermore, epidemiological studies have shown a close correlation between exposure to ambient organic aerosol and adverse human health effects. The toxicological mechanisms leading to this observation are still poorly characterised, although studies suggest that reactive oxygen species present in organic aerosol are a major contributor. Reactive oxygen species and reactive intermediates represent a large uncertainty in tropospheric chemistry, and pose an analytical challenge due to their high reactivity and typically low concentrations. This emphasises the need for the development of new methods to characterise the chemistry of these species. In this thesis, several novel laboratory based techniques have been developed in order to characterise and quantify reactive intermediates and reactive oxygen species. New methods to facilitate the detection of CIs in both the gas and particle phase are presented. Spin trap molecules are used to scavenge CIs to form stable 1:1 adducts which are subsequently detected and quantified using mass spectrometry. The chemistry of CIs with spin traps is extensively investigated. The unique capability of this technique to simultaneously characterise multiple CIs generated from a variety of atmospherically relevant organic precursors in the gas phase is demonstrated. This technique was further developed to facilitate the detection of CIs in secondary organic aerosol, representing the development of a method capable of characterising low volatility CIs and other reactive intermediates in the condensed phase. Furthermore, two new chemical fluorescence assays have been developed to quantify both organic radicals and reactive oxygen species in organic aerosol. A novel profluorescent spin trap assay was applied to quantify radical concentrations in organic aerosol. A series of experiments were then devised to investigate the lifetime of organic radicals in secondary organic aerosol. A second assay, based on physiologically relevant ascorbic acid chemistry, was also developed to measure the concentrations of toxicologically relevant reactive oxygen species in secondary organic aerosol. The quantitative capability of this assay was extensively characterised. The assay was incorporated into a prototype instrument capable of measuring particle-bound reactive oxygen species on-line, and the assays’ sensitivity to secondary organic aerosol was demonstrated.

Topical issues of the regulation of international air carriage The object of this thesis is the regulation of international air carriage, which is by its nature governed mainly by international treaties and secondary law of the European Union. The thesis is divided into five parts, which are cross-sectional focused on all aspects of air carriage. The first part informs about the historical development of aviation and its contemporary importance especially with regard to its economic and environmental significance. Basic concepts which can be found by readers in this thesis are not omitted as well. The second part focuses on the regulation of international air carriage from the perspective of International, European and Czech law. As mentioned in this thesis, the carrier's liability when the loss event that is expected by legislators happens is governed mainly by international treaties and secondary law of the European Union, that is why the third part is focused on its most important legal sources also with the regard to their interrelation which was defined by the Court of Justice of the European Union. Since it is necessary to extensively inform passengers about their rights, the author decided to do so in the fourth part of this thesis, which deals with the passengers' claims, in the case of...