A vivência de mais de três décadas com a Língua Árabe, inicialmente como estudante e, mais recentemente, como professor, proporcionou-me o contato com uma variedade de materiais didáticos e dicionários, parte dos quais organizados em acervo pessoal. O constante uso e organização desse acervo para a elaboração de aulas fez surgir um questionamento que acabou culminando no objeto de pesquisa, ora explicitado. Os tipos de materiais existentes para o estudo de árabe atendem a objetivos específicos e apresentam pouca complementariedade entre si. Em outras palavras, os materiais dedicados ao ensino de Árabe Clássico não fazem referência aos materiais que trabalham a linguagem coloquial e vice-versa. Deste modo, os alunos são levados a fazer uma opção inicial e o professor, a adaptar-se a ela para atender os anseios dos alunos. É comum os alunos expressarem frases do tipo: eu só quero aprender a falar, ou então, eu quero aprender a ler para poder ler o Alcorão no original. Seja um ou outro, o aluno, de forma mais ou menos explícita, tem a impressão de que está aprendendo algo pela metade. Ao longo da prática didática, contudo, começamos a utilizar alguns materiais complementares que se revelariam mais tarde como de grande potencial didático, como os materiais da mídia escrita (jornais e revistas) que utilizam o chamado Modern Standard Arabic. Estes materiais mostraram-se como uma terceira via, exatamente na mediação entre o Árabe Clássico e o Coloquial, e poderiam ajudar a resolver o grande impasse do processo de ensino-aprendizagem da Língua Árabe: fazer o aluno compreender o Árabe como uma só língua. / The experience of more than three decades with the Arabic Language, initially as a student and more recently as a teacher, bestowed a variety of learning materials and dictionaries upon me, part of which organized in my personal library. The continuous use and handling of this material for preparing classes aroused a great deal of inquiring which led to the carrying of this research. The existing materials for the teaching and learning of Arabic do respond to specific purposes though are not complementary to that of the students in general. In other words, materials with the aim of teaching classical Arabic do not make reference to those which deal with colloquial language and vice versa. Being so, students are forced to choose one among them, and the teacher ends up adapting one method in order to fulfil the students` interests. Indeed, it is very common to listen to students say: I just want to learn to speak, or I want to learn to read to understand the Koran. In any case, more clearly or not, the impression is that the student is always missing something while learning. During this teaching process though, we started to use some complementary material, that later have revealed as a great source for learning, as media written articles (newspaper and magazines) that employ Modern Standard Arabic. Thus, such materials have showed somehow quite effective in mingling these two lines classical and colloquial, which could end the impasse in the course of teaching and learning Arabic and finally make the student understand Arabic as one single language.

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Texte remanié de: Dissertation--Berlin--Freie Universität, 1990. / Comprend une notice biogr. de Al Abbas ibn al Ahnaf en arabe. Bibliogr. p. 225-238. Notes bibliogr. Index.

Diss.--Semitic languages--Uppsala--University, 2003. / Mention parallèle de titre ou de responsabilité : Fūšōq sfar malké mén ktōbō dawṣār rōzé daʻbīd lmawdaʻtō rabō mōr Ġrīġūryūs Yūḥanōn bar ʻÉbrōyō mafryōnō dmadénhō : aṣaḥtō mfaḥamtō wmaʻbrōnūtō anġlīšōytō ʻam nūhrō mḥakmōnō w sīmō ʻal yūlfōnō dfūšōqō daktōbé qadīšé lwōt sūryōyé / byad Asʻad bar Dawīd Asʻad Ṣawmā. Contient le texte syriaque avec trad. anglaise du Commentaire du "Livre des Rois" contenu dans "Horreum mysteriorum" Bibliogr. p. 14-41. Index.

Thèse de doctorat--Etudes orientales--Université Michel de Montaigne, 2005. N°: 2005BOR30026. / Bibliogr. p. 364-372.

Thèse de doctorat--Études orientales--Université Michel de Montaigne, 2005. / Bibliogr. p. 525-530.

Thèse de doctorat : Linguistique et sémiologie de l'arabe : Lyon 2 : 2001. / Titre provenant de l'écran-titre. Bibliogr.. Index.

Šiuo metu didžioji dalis praktiškai naudojamų taikomųjų programų daugiau ar mažiau dirba su duomenų bazėmis. Tai ypatingai aktualu kuriant buhalterines, verslo valdymo ir panašias programų sistemas, nes jos plačiai išnaudoja duomenų bazių sistemų galimybes. Darbe nagrinėjama tokioms programoms kurti skirta Microsoft Navision programavimo kalba (C/AL). Išanalizuoti jos privalumai ir trūkumai. Siūlomas būdas kaip panaudojant C/AL kalbą būtų galima patobulinti .NET platformos priemones skirtas darbui su duomenų bazėmis. Pasiūlyta nauja kalba C/AL .NET. Atlikti šios kalbos kompiliatoriaus ir pagalbinių bibliotekų prototipo projektavimo ir programavimo darbai. Parašyta eksperimentinė sistema naująja kalba. Parodyta, kad programas parašytas naująja kalba galima integruoti su kitomis .NET kalbomis ir panaudojant šią kalbą sėkmingai spręsti duomenų bazių programavimo problemas. / Most of the applied software systems used today work with databases in one way or another. It is especially important while developing accounting, business management and similar software systems, because they make an extensive use of database management systems. This work examines Navision programming language (C/AL) that is used for the development of such type of software. Work analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of C/AL and proposes database management and usage related improvements and tools for .NET framework by creating a new programming language – C/AL .NET. Compiler and runtime library prototypes for such language were designed and implemented. Using the new language an experimental system was created. It was shown that programs written in the new language can be integrated with other .NET languages and successfully used to solve certain database programming problems.

This thesis examines the initiation and dynamics of accommodation in protracted conflicts in the developing world characterized by important stakes and major asymmetries. The case study is the Palestinian-Israeli conflict and in particular Palestinian strategy from 1991--2000. This thesis argues that external politico-military concerns are the main explanatory factors affecting the pursuit of accommodation in this type of case. Powerful third parties play a significant role in initiating/mediating processes of accommodation and in providing assurances/incentives to encourage its pursuit. Bilateral conditions, especially perceptions of irreversible decline by the weaker party and solid expectations of reciprocity from its opponent, are the key factors in generating meaningful accommodative moves. Difficult economic conditions serve as an additional spur for the pursuit of accommodation while difficult political conditions act as a constraint. However, established leaders with strong nationalist credentials have greater room for manoeuvre on foreign policy issues.

The aims of this thesis are to evaluate the present status of scholarship on Abū Tālib al-Makkī (d. 386/996) and to expand the basis of further research on him by analysing him in a multi-dimensional way. This study challenges the conventional view that al-Makkī’s Qūt al-qulūb (‘The Nourishment of Hearts’) is a Sufi work. Part 1 introduces modern scholarship on al-Makkī. It also demonstrates several issues which are tackled in this thesis. The present study focuses on a metaphorical image of the heart, which is also shared in various cultures. By looking at this common idea, Part 2 first attempts to explore the nature of the Qūt within the context of Sufism and religion in general. This part provides a summarised translation of part of the Qūt, where the author elucidates his view of the heart. The intention of this annotated translation is to provide easy access to the key thought of al-Makkī in the Qūt, for the first time in English, on the basis of a critical edition of this book. Lastly Part 2 discusses the authenticity of al-Makkī’s alleged work, Ilm al-qulūb (‘The Knowledge of Hearts’). Part 3 analyses the influence of al-Makkī within and beyond Islam. Considering the limited area of the study of al-Makkī , this part first examines numerous works in various fields from his time until the twelfth/eighteenth century. This is to evaluate how he was perceived in Muslim scholarship and to explore areas which have not been discussed thoroughly before. Finally this thesis looks at the Andalusian Jewish scholar, Ibn Bāqūdā(d. some time after 472/1080) and his book al-Hidāya ilā farā'id al-qulūb (‘The Right Guidance to the Religious Duties of Hearts’). A possible link between the two authors has been sometimes pointed out; however, it has not been studied exhaustively. Through exploring various aspects of al-Makkī and his writing, the present thesis attempts to open up the study of the Qūt beyond Sufism and to offer an opportunity to give further thought on the essential features of the mystical dimensions of Islam.