Zugl.: Düsseldorf, Univ., Diss., 2008

The archaeological and technical questions about ancient glass have lead to various research activities such as identification and sourcing raw materials used in the glass production, investigation of the ways in which colors can be modified according to furnace atmosphere and times of firing. Considering research areas and publications it can be suggested that compositional studies of well-dated samples of ancient glass have disclosed useful information concerning raw materials characteristics and production technology. Within this context, aim of this study was to determine the composition and technology of some 13th century Seljuk period window glasses from Alanya Castle archaeological site. During the excavations at the area called Vaulted Galleria in Alanya Castle many glass pieces in different sizes and colors had been found. In this study 10 samples were examined. Elemental analysis of the samples have been made using two different methods / X-Ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy (XRF) and Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES) to determine major, minor and some trace elements. The XRF and ICP-OES data reflect the typical composition of a soda-lime-silica glass with the average values of / 12.9% (Na2O): 7.7% (CaO): and 65.5% (SiO2). Samples were grouped by color as green, blue and purple. Color producing elements are Fe, Mn, Cu and Co. Most of the samples had shown casting character as production technique.

Denna studie behandlar Turkiets turistdestination Alanya utifrån ett hållbarhetsperspektiv. Vidare om all-inclusivehotellens påverkan på destinationen. Syftet med studien är att undersöka de sociala, ekonomiska och miljömässiga faktorerna. För att analysera detta använder vi oss av teorier som berör hållbar utveckling och hållbar turism samt positiva och negativa aspekter av all-inclusivekonceptet. Metoden för undersökningen är kvalitativ där en fält- och intervjustudie genomförs i Alanya. För att studera den sociala påverkan på destinationen undersöks turister och lokalbefolkningen samt arbetsvillkoren för anställda. Dessutom undersöks de internationella reseföretagen och all-inclusivehotellens ekonomiska och miljömässiga påverkan på destinationen. Resultat visar att Alanya inte bara är en charterdestination utan en all-inclusivedestination. Den snabba uppkomsten av all-inclusivehotell har lett till en ohållbar utveckling för destinationen. / This essay concerns the tourist destination Alanya in Turkey from a sustainable perspective and the impact all-inclusivehotels have on the destination. The purpose of the essay is to examine social, economic and environmental impacts in Alanya. To analyse it we use theories of sustainable development and sustainable tourism together with theories of all-inclusivehotels benefits and disadvantages. A field- and interview survey was conducted in Alanya to study the social effect on the destination. Tourist, locals and employees working condition are examined. Furthermore the essay analyses international travel agencies and all-inclusivehotels environmental and economic impacts. Conclusion of the essay presents that Alanya is not only a charter destination, it’s an all-inclusive destination. The rapid grow of all-inclusivehotels in Alanya have affected an unsustainable development in the destination.

The purpose of this work is indicating System Dynamics Approach to be an appropriate tool for analysis of policies suggested for local sectors. Local sectors are very important for stability of the country&rsquo / s economy as well as welfare of the local community. Therefore, feasible and effective policies should be created and implemented in order to contribute to the local sectoral development. But before any policy implementation, policy analysis is required on to evaluate whether effectiveness and feasibility would be ensured in alternative policies. In this study, firstly the issues of Local Sectoral Dynamics and Policies are examined and specifically, the situation in Alanya Tourism Sector is studied. Afterwards, in accordance with policy analysis steps, problems of Alanya Tourism Sector are detailed and alternative policies that would aid in solution of the problem are idenfined. For evaluation of alternative policies, Dynamics of Alanya Tourism Sector are modeled by System Dynamics approach and the &lsquo / Formal Model&rsquo / is implemented in Stella 9.0.1. The model is simulated for all policy alternatives and the policy outcomes of each alternative are forecasted. Finally the performance of each policy are evaluated using the previously established criteria and combined policies having more superior outcomes than the present ones are created.

The archaeological questions of historical glass have lead to remarkable research activities such as identification and sourcing the raw materials used in the glass production, investigations of the ways in which the colors of glass can be modified due to dissolved and/or colloidal coloring agents, the furnace conditions, and the time of fritting and melting. Considering publications, it can be suggested that compositional studies of well-dated glass samples have supplied useful information concerning raw materials&rsquo / characteristics and technology of glassmaking. Within this context, the aim of this study was to determine elemental compositions and production techniques of some 13th century Seljukian Period window glasses from Alanya excavation region. During the excavations at Alanya archaeological site involving Inner Castle and out of Inner Castle many glass pieces of varying colors have been found. In this study 25 samples from the area have been examined. Elemental analyses have been carried out using X-Ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy (XRF) to determine major, minor, and trace elements. The data v obtained by XRF has revealed that all samples have typical soda-lime-silica composition with the average values of, 68.22 % (SiO2) / 11.3 % (Na2O) / and 6.7 % (CaO). Hierarchical Cluster analysis has been employed and the samples have been grouped depending on their potassium oxide (K2O) and magnesium oxide (MgO) contents which indicate the probable alkali flux source. The colors of the samples are honey-yellow, brown-yellow, navy blue, blue, turquoise, purple, and green. The coloring agents have been determined as Fe, Cu, Co, and Mn. The data from Optical Microscopy has shown that most of the window glasses might have been produced by cylinder technique. Some other samples have revealed the signs of crown technique, and some might have been produced by casting.

This thesis concentrates on Hasanagalar House, dated at first period of the Republican Era, in Alanya, Antalya. The building is one of the elaborated example of Traditional Houses in Plain Area which constitutes one of the important part of the traditional house stock of Alanya. The aim of this study is to develop a conservation proposal for the building, with its values, to provide its life in healthy way by its values. It is an elaborated example of the In this content / a detailed documentation and research to understand the building, phases of the building study to expose the original properties in previous periods. In conclusion, an evaluation, a conservation proposal had been achieved in context of Hasanagalar House and Traditional Houses in Plain Area.