Bakgrund: Historiskt sett har alkoholanvändning varit ett normativt beteende för ungdomar, en trend som från år 2000 har vänt då både andelen ungdomar som dricker samt mängden alkohol har minskat kraftigt. Därför brister kunskapen om huruvida den nya generationen av ungdomar börjar dricka alkohol av samma eller helt andra anledningar än tidigare. Därav finns det ett behov av att studera vilka bestämningsfaktorer som predicerar, det vill säga vilka faktorer som kan förutsäga alkoholdebut hos den nya generationen av ungdomar. Syfte: Denna studie syftar till att identifiera bestämningsfaktorer i form av föräldraskap och psykiska besvär som predicerar ungdomars alkoholdebut i Västmanlands län samt undersöka om dessa bestämningsfaktorers prediktionsförmåga skiljer sig åt mellan pojkar och flickor. Metod: För att undersöka vilka bestämningsfaktorer för föräldrafaktorer och psykiska besvär som predicerar ungdomars alkoholdebut användes en kvantitativ metod med sekundärdata från den longitudinella kohortstudien The Survey of Adolescent Life in Västmanland (SALVe Cohort). Två mätningar inkluderas i studien varav den första basmätningen utfördes 2012 och den andra uppföljningsmätningen utfördes 2015. Multivariata logistiska regressioner har legat till grund för studiens analyser. Resultat: Föräldrafaktorer i form av psykisk och fysisk utsatthet var prediktiva för ungdomars alkoholdebut. Dock försvann de prediktiva effekterna vid justering för confounders. Psykiska besvär i form av ADHD (Attention Difict Hyperactivity Disorder), psykosomatiska besvär och antisocialt beteende predicerade ungdomars alkoholdebut. Dock försvann de prediktiva effekterna vid för ADHD och psykosomatiska besvär vid justering för confounders. Antisocialt beteende var den enda bestämningsfaktorn som predicerade alkoholdebut efter att confounders justerats för. Slutsatser: Föräldrafaktorer tycks inte predicera med alkoholdebuten. För psykiska besvär är antisocialt beteende den enda bestämningsfaktorn som visar en prediktiv effekt för ungdomars alkoholdebut. Den könsskillnad som uppkom var att psykosociala besvär predicerade flickors alkoholdebut men inte pojkars alkoholdebut. / Background: Historically, alcohol use has been a normative behavior for adolescents, a trend that has turned from the 21st century when both the proportion of adolescents who drink and the amount of alcohol have decreased sharply. Therefore, the science shows a lack of knowledge about the new generation of adolescents where those who still consume alcohol, drink for the same or quite different reasons than before. There is a need to study which determinants are predicting, that is which factors can foretell the first initiation of alcohol for the new generation of adolescents. Aim: This study aims to identify determinants in the form of parenting and mental disorders that predict adolescent’s first initiation of alcohol in Västmanland County and investigate whether the prediction ability of these determinants differs between boys and girls. Method: To investigate which determinants of parental factors and mental disorders predicts adolescent’s alcohol initiation, a quantitative method with secondary data from a longitudinal cohort study was used The Survey of Adolescent Life in Västmanland (SALVe Cohort) was used. Two measurements are included in the study, which the first basic measurement was performed in 2012 and the second follow-up measurement was performed in 2015. Multivariate logistic regressions have been the basis for the study's analyzes. Results: Parental factors as mental and physical exposure were predictive for adolescent’s alcohol use. However, the predictive effects disappeared when adjusting for confounders. Mental disorders as ADHD (Attention Difict Hyperactivity Disorder), psychosomatic disorders and conduct problem predicted adolescent's alcohol use. However, the predictive effects disappeared for ADHD and psychosomatic disorders when adjusting for confounders. Conduct problem was the only determinant that predicted alcohol after confounders were adjusted. Conclusions: Parental factors do not seem to predict alcohol initiation. For mental disorders, antisocial behavior is the only determinant that shows a predictive effect with the adolescent's alcohol initiation. The gender differences that emerge were that psychosocial problems predicted girl’s alcohol initiation but not for boys.

Objective: The relationship between alcohol use and suicidal behaviors is well-accepted, but less is known about the contribution of its early initiation. This study was designed to test the association of early alcohol initiation versus later initiation with suicidal ideation and attempt in an ethnically diverse sample. Methods: The Collaborative Psychiatric Epidemiology Surveys (CPES), 2001-2003 (n = 20,013), database was used. A total of 13,867 participants were selected included 56.9% females and 43.1% males. Race and ethnicity were reported as 28.8% non-Hispanic White, 39.1% Black, 20.3% Latino, and 11.9% Asian. Logistic regression analyses tested the associations between early (< =14 years) and later (> =15) age alcohol initiation with suicide ideation and attempts. Alcohol initiation was indexed by self-report of the first time that any alcohol product was consumed. Potential confounders were controlled. Results: Early alcohol initiation was associated with higher odds (AOR = 3.64, 95% CI [2.51, 5.28]) of suicide ideation as compared with adults who had initiated > = age 15 (AOR = 2.11, 95% CI [1.46, 3.04]). Early age initiation was also associated with higher odds (AOR = 3.81, 95% CI [2.02, 7.18]) of lifetime suicide attempt versus later age initiators (AOR = 2.03, 95% CI [1.08, 3.79]). Significant differences were found between early and later age of initiation. Conclusion: Early age of alcohol initiation has profoundly increased odds of suicide ideation or attempt. It is critical that effective prevention programs for children and their caregivers be implemented to prevent or delay alcohol initiation and lessen the risk for future suicidal behaviors.