Using second trimester amniotic fluid (AF), the objectives of this study were two-fold: 1) to investigate the relationship between AF glucose and insulin levels as a predictor of macrosomia and 2) to create a risk profile for macrosomia (LGA> 90th percentile) using a combination of AF glucose and insulin concentrations. Amniotic fluid samples were obtained from non-diabetic women (n = 542) undergoing age-related amniocentesis (12th to 22nd week). AF glucose was quantified using a standard hexokinase assay and AF insulin was quantified using the Beckman Access ultrasensitive assay system. Although LGA infants were found to have significantly higher concentrations of insulin and glucose in their 2nd trimester AF, logistic regressions showed that neither alone predicted the outcome of macrosomia. However, a Bayesian two-dimensional contour map plotted the risk for LGA using both AF glucose and insulin. The two-dimensional contour map illustrated the value in considering AF glucose and insulin together to predict LGA in newborns.

To investigate the relation between amniotic fluid (amf) constituents and human fetal growth and birth weight (b.wt), amf was collected from 395 pregnant women undergoing routine amniocentesis at 14--16 weeks' gestation at the Royal Victoria (RVH), Jewish General (JGH), and St. Mary's (SMH) Hospitals. The fluid was analyzed for total protein, albumin, urea nitrogen, creatinine, uric acid, glucose, beta-hydroxybutyrate (betaHBA), and lactate. Maternal and neonatal data were collected from a questionnaire at the time of recruitment and from medical charts post-delivery. The mean b.wt in our population was 3409 +/- 552g. Birth weight differed significantly by infant gender, maternal height (ht), and prepregnancy weight (wt), as determined by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Of the amf constituents measured, glucose showed strong evidence of being a potential predictor of b.wt, such that for each mmol/L increase in amf glucose a 119.4g increase in b.wt was observed. Lactate showed a similar but weaker tendency toward predictive value. Ongoing research is currently being done to further examine the role of human amf constituents in predicting b.wt, the goal being to develop a predictive model that would aid in preparing for and preventing aberrations in fetal growth.

The objectives of the study were to measure the concentrations of albumin, transferrin, IgG and uric acid in 2nd trimester amniotic fluid (AF) and to establish if these concentrations were associated with infant birth outcomes. / Amniotic fluid samples (n=230) were collected from mothers undergoing routine amniocentesis (12-20 wk). Maternal characteristics like height, pre-pregnancy weight, age, smoking status, parity and infant gender, birth weight and gestational age were collected from questionnaires and obstetrical medical chart review. AF samples were analyzed by capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE). / The results showed that the 2nd trimester AF uric acid was a significant predictor of infant birth weight (grams) and transferrin was negatively associated with gestational age in term infants.

Thesis (M.Sc.). / Written for the School of Dietetics and Human Nutrition. Title from title page of PDF (viewed 2007/08/30). Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 1997. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves [101]-111).

Thèse--Liège. / Includes bibliography.

Thèse--Liège. / Includes bibliography.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:29:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2006-02-20Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:38:35Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 moya_cf_me_botfmvz.pdf: 156959 bytes, checksum: 8445a2c6b5b162a42c66e3322c1bbd52 (MD5) / A proposta do presente estudo foi descrever as diferenças no padrão morfológico das células do fluido amniótico, no momento do parto. Comparando os resultados obtidos de bezerros nelores oriundos de produção in vitro, transferência de embriões e inseminação artificial. Utilizaram-se 60 animais, divididos em Grupo 01: vinte vacas inovuladas com embriões Nelore produzidos in vitro (PIV) a partir de colheita de oócitos por aspiração folicular de doadoras, Grupo 02: vinte vacas gestando bezerros nelores originados de inovulações de embriões oriundos de doadoras superovuladas pelo método convencional, e Grupo 03: vinte vacas nelores PO gestando bezerros oriundos de inseminação artificial (controle). Próximo ao parto as vacas foram transferidas para piquete maternidade com acompanhamento dos partos. Durante a fase de expulsão e após a ruptura do alantocórion realizou-se a punção do âmnion para colheita de 20mL de liquido, que foi depositado em tubo plástico e congelado em freezer. Para a classificação celular as amostras, pós-descongelação, foram centrifugadas na Citocentrifuga (Revan Centrifuga Ciclo Cito) a 4000rpm durante seis minutos e empregou-se a técnica de coloração Hematoxilina-Shorr. Ao final deste procedimento, as lâminas citológicas foram montadas com lamínulas empregando Bálsamo do Canadá e posteriormente (após o período de secagem) observadas em microscópio óptico com aumentos de 200x e 400x para visualização das características morfológicas e tintoriais das células epiteliais do feto. Para avaliação da maturidade epidérmica utilizou-se a técnica de coloração de Sulfato Azul do Nilo bem como a porcentagem de células queratinizadas (coloração Hematoxilina-Shorr). As células basais e parabasais não foram encontradas nas lâminas citológicas das amostras de líquido amniótico analisadas... / The aim of the present study was to describe the differences in the cytological pattern of the amniotic fluid, at the moment of delivery, comparing the data from Nelore calves obtained by in vitro production, embryo transfer and artificial insemination. Sixty (n=60) Nelore cows were divided in group 01: Twenty cows (n=20) pregnant with Nelore calves obtained by in vitro production (IVP) after follicular aspiration; group 02: Twenty cows (n=20) pregnant with Nelore calves obtained by superovulation of embryo donors (ET); group 03: Twenty Nelore cows (n=20) pregnant of calves obtained by artificial insemination (AI; control). Near to the labor, the cows were transferred to a maternal paddock, permitting delivery observation. During the expulsion phase, after the rupture of the alantochorion the amnion was punctured and 20ml of fluid were collected in a plastic device and frozen. The samples, after being thawed, were centrifuged at 4000 rpm, during 06 minutes the Hematoxilin-Shorr stain was applied, after this, the glass slides were covered with Canadian balsame and analyzed in optical microscopy. To the evaluation of the epidermal maturity were used the Blue Nile Sulfate stain, as well the percent of keratinizaded cells observed in the Hematoxilin-Shorr stain. The basal and parabasal cells were not found on the slides of the amniotic fluid samples analyzed. The small intermediate cells (CIP) had its shape as an oval or polygonal form with large cytoplasm and central nucleus. The large intermediate cell (CIG) showed a central nucleus and a bigger nucleus-cytoplasm relation compared to the superficial cells. These were the largest cells found. They showed keratinization with angular edges, having both a picnotic nucleus (CSN) and no nucleus at all. (CSA). The technique of Blue Nile Sulfate stain did not showed satisfactory for the evaluation of the fetal maturity, in spite of some records... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Orientador: Cláudia Valéria Seullner Brandão / Banca: José Joaquim Titton Ranzani / Banca: Antonio Carlos Lottelli Rodrigues / Resumo: A córnea é a estrutura anterior transparente do olho e apresenta-se muito susceptível a traumas e agressões. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar e comparar, clínica e histomorfometricamente, o processo de reparação corneana de úlceras induzidas em coelhos, frente à utilização do plasma rico em plaquetas (PRP) sob a forma de colírio ou tampão. Foram utilizadas 60 fêmeas da espécie leporina, constituindo-se 4 grupos experimentais de 15 animais cada, designados grupo plaquetas (GP), grupo tampão (GT), grupo controle (GC) e grupo controle amniótica (GA). Em todos os animais foi realizada a úlcera experimental, sendo este o único procedimento no GC. No GP, os coelhos foram medicados com colírio autólogo de plasma rico em plaquetas. No GC, foi instilado colírio lubrificante. No GT, foi aplicado tampão sólido rico em plaquetas, revestido por membrana amniótica, para a retenção do mesmo. No GA, foi aplicada apenas a membrana amniótica. Os grupos experimentais foram subdivididos em três subgrupos (M4, M7, M30), de acordo com os períodos finais de avaliação. Os animais foram avaliados por meio de exame clínico e histomorfométrico. Não houve diferenças entre os tratamentos utilizados quanto aos sinais relacionados à sensibilidade ocular, quemose e secreção ocular. Os grupos tratados com PRP, na forma de tampão ou colírio, apresentaram menor opacidade do que os animais tratados apenas com membrana amniótica no momento final de avaliação. Quanto à presença da úlcera corneana, os grupos tratados com PRP (GP e GT) apresentaram menor intensidade de ulceração corneana com relação aos demais grupos (GC e GA). Na avaliação histológica verificou-se maior epitelização corneana na fase inicial da lesão no tratamento à base de colírio de PRP. O uso da membrana amniótica promoveu espessamento do epitélio e estroma corneano, com sinergismo da mesma quando associada ao PRP / Abstract: The cornea is the transparent anterior part of the eye and is very susceptible to trauma and sore. The aim of this work was to evaluate and compare both, clinically and histomorphometrically the process of repair of induced corneal ulcer in rabbits using platelet-rich plasma in the form of eyedrop or clot. Sixty female leporids were divided into four groups of 15 animals, and named as platelet group (PG), clot group (CLG), control group (CG), and amniotic control group (AG). Ocular ulcer was experimentally induced in all the animals. Ulcer induction was the single procedure performed in CG. In PG, autologous platelet-rich plasma as a eyedrop was used five times a day for seven days. In CLG, a platelet-rich clot was covered by amniotic membrane to hold it in place was used. In AG, only the amniotic membrane was used. Experimental groups were then subdivided into three groups (M4, M7, M30), corresponding to the end of the evaluation period. The animals were evaluated through clinical and histomorphometric tests. There were no differences between treatments related to ocular sensitivity (blepharospasm and photophobia), chemosis and ocular secretion. The groups treated with PRP either as eyedrop or a clot, showed less opacity than the animals treated only with amniotic membrane at the moment of the final evaluation. The presence of corneal ulcers in the groups treated with PRP (PG and CLG) showed lower intensity than the other groups (CG and AG). In histological evaluation, corneal epithelization at the initial phase of the lesion was confirmed when using PRP. The use of amniotic membrane promoted corneal epithelial and stromal thickness, as well as synergism when associated to PRP / Mestre

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