ITC/USA 2009 Conference Proceedings / The Forty-Fifth Annual International Telemetering Conference and Technical Exhibition / October 26-29, 2009 / Riviera Hotel & Convention Center, Las Vegas, Nevada / We derive bounds on the performance of data-aided joint estimators for timing offset, carrier phase offset, and carrier frequency offset for use in an APSK packet-based communication link. It is shown that the Cramér-Rao Bound (CRB) is a function of the training sequence, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and the pulse shape. We also compute APSK training sequences of different lengths that minimize the CRB for each of the parameters.

ITC/USA 2008 Conference Proceedings / The Forty-Fourth Annual International Telemetering Conference and Technical Exhibition / October 27-30, 2008 / Town and Country Resort & Convention Center, San Diego, California / A study of the effects of interference caused by adjacent channels on the performance of turbo-coded 16- and 32-APSK. Included in our discussion is the spectral regrowth in the nonlinear power amplifier when driven by a non-constant envelope modulation. Ultimately, we present a set of channel spacing guidelines when using turbo-coded APSK for aeronautical telemetry.

International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 26-29, 1998 / Town & Country Resort Hotel and Convention Center, San Diego, California / High explosive radio telemetry (HERT) is a project that is being developed jointly by Los Alamos National Laboratory and AlliedSignal FM&T. The ultimate goal is to develop a small, modular telemetry system capable of high-speed detection of explosive events, with an accuracy on the order of 10 nanoseconds. The reliable telemetry of this data, from a high-speed missile trajectory, is a very challenging opportunity. All captured data must be transmitted in less than 20 microseconds of time duration. This requires a high bits/Hertz microwave telemetry modulation code to insure transmission of the data within the limited time interval available.

International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 26-29, 1998 / Town & Country Resort Hotel and Convention Center, San Diego, California / This paper overviews the High Explosive Radio Telemetry (HERT) system, under co-development by Los Alamos National Laboratories and AlliedSignal Federal Manufacturing & Technologies. This telemetry system is designed to measure the initial performance of an explosive package under flight environment conditions, transmitting data from up to 64 sensors. It features high speed, accurate time resolution (10 ns) and has the ability to complete transmission of data before the system is destroyed by the explosion. In order to affect the resources and performance of a flight delivery vehicle as little as possible, the system is designed such that physical size, power requirements, and antenna demands are as small as possible.

Ventricular fibrillation (VF) is a lethal heart rhythm that leads to cardiac arrest. It has been shown that amplitude spectral area (AMSA) in prolonged VF correlates with success of resuscitation. This study will compare traditional resuscitation with a novel resuscitation algorithm using AMSA and end-tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO2) to time defibrillations.VF will be induced in 60 swine. Resuscitation will commence after 10 minutes of untreated VF. Cases will receive defibrillation if AMSA is >19.8 mVHz and ETCO2 >20 mm of Hg, otherwise chest compressions will continue for another 90 seconds. Controls will have standard resuscitation. Sub group analysis will include effect of induced myocardial infarction (MI).End points will include survival, neurologic scores, duration of resuscitation efforts, and number of defibrillations.This experiment will establish whether using AMSA and ETCO2 to time defibrillations results in superior resuscitation compared with standard techniques.

Cellular radio communication involves wireless transmission and reception of signals at radio frequencies (RF). Base stations house equipment critical to the transmission and reception of signals. Power amplifier (PA) is a crucial element in base station assembly. PAs are expensive, take up space and dissipate heat. Of all the elements in the base station, it is difficult to design and operate a power amplifier. New designs of power amplifiers are constantly tested. One of the most important components required to perform this test successfully is a circuit simulator model of an entire communication system that generates a standard test signal. Standard test signals 524,288 data points in length require 1080 hours to complete one test of a PA model. In order to reduce the time taken to complete one test, a 'simulated test signal,' was generated. The objective of this study is to develop an algorithm to generate this 'simulated' test signal such that its characteristics match that of the 'standard' test signal.

The angle γ, with an uncertainty of approximately 10° is the least well constrained angle of the unitary triangle. Better experimental constraints on this parameter are required in order to provide a consistency check on the standard model description of CP violation. A promising strategy for measuring γ involves exploiting interference effects present in B^± → DK^± decays where the D subsequently decays to a three or four body final state. The three body decay D → K_S ⁰p⁺p^- and the four body decay D⁰ → K⁺K^-p⁺p^- are suitable candidates for making such a measurement. However independent knowledge of the decay structure of these decays is required. The impact of the model, used to describe the p⁺p^- S wave, in the D⁰ → K⁺K^-p⁺p^- decay, on the uncertainty in the measurement of γ is estimated via a simulation study. It is determined that the uncertainty on a gamma measurement would be compromised by this model uncertainty within one year of LHCb data running. The four body decay D⁰ → K⁺K^-p⁺p^- also provides a candidate for making a γ measurement. This decay is expected to display a rich resonant structure. An understanding of this decay may also provide an insight into low energy QCD in addition to allowing a search for CP violation. Only one previous amplitude analysis has been performed on this decay. Using data collected at the CLEO-II.V, CLEO-III and CLEO-c experiments an amplitude model is developed for the D⁰ → K⁺K^-p⁺p^- decay. This model is qualitatively similar to that produced in the previous analysis although the model presented in this thesis considers higher orbital angular momentum states and distinguishes between conjugate states that the previous model did not. A search for CP violation is also carried out using the D⁰ → K⁺K^-p⁺p^- decay data. A positive confirmation of CP violation at the level of sensitivity provided by this decay data would provide evidence for a level of CP violation which could not be accounted for within the standard model. No significant evidence for CP violation is observed in this decay. A toy MC study was carried out in order to determine the sensitivity to γ which may be achieved using this decay. In this study, sets of 1000 B⁺ and B^- events are generated and the decay model developed for the D → K⁺K^-p⁺p^- decay is used to describe the D decay. The sensitivity to γ determined in this study is 11°.

Master of Science / Department of Geology / Abdelmoneam Raef / Advancements, applications, and success of time-lapse (4D) seismic monitoring of carbonate reservoirs is limited by these systems’ inherent heterogeneity and low compressibility relative to siliciclastic systems. To contribute to the advancement of 4D seismic monitoring in carbonates, an investigation of amplitude envelope across frequency sub-bands was conducted on a high-resolution 4D seismic data set acquired in fine temporal intervals between a baseline and eight monitor surveys to track CO₂-EOR from 2003-2005 in the Hall-Gurney Field, Kansas. The shallow (approximately 900 m) Plattsburg ‘C Zone’ target reservoir is an oomoldic limestone within the Lansing-Kansas City (LKC) supergroup – deposited as a sequence of high-frequency, stacked cyclothems. The LKC reservoir fluctuates around thin-bed thickness within the well pattern region and is susceptible to amplitude tuning effects, in which CO₂ replacement of initial reservoir fluid generates a complex tuning phenomena with reduction and brightening of amplitude at reservoir thickness above and below thin-bed thickness, respectively. A thorough analysis of horizon snapping criteria and parameters was conducted to understand the sensitivity of these autonomous operations and produce a robust horizon tracking workflow to extend the Baseline Survey horizon data to subsequent Monitor Surveys. This 4D seismic horizon tracking workflow expedited the horizon tracking process across monitor surveys, while following a quantitative, repeatable approach in tracking the LKC and maintaining geologic integrity despite low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) data and misties between surveys. Analysis of amplitude envelope data across frequency sub-bands (30-80 Hz) following spectral decomposition identified geometric features of multiple LKC shoal bodies at the reservoir interval. In corroboration with prior geologic interpretation, shoal boundaries, zones of overlap between stacked shoals, thickness variation, and lateral changes in lithofacies were delineated in the Baseline Survey, which enhanced detail of these features’ extent beyond capacity offered from well log data. Lineaments dominated by low-frequency anomalies within regions of adjacent shoals’ boundaries suggest thicker zones of potential shoal overlap. Analysis of frequency band-to-band analysis reveals relative thickness variation. Spectral decomposition of the amplitude envelope was analyzed between the Baseline and Monitor Surveys to identify spectral and tuning changes to monitor CO₂ migration. Ambiguity of CO₂ effects on tuning phenomena was observed in zones of known CO₂ fluid replacement. A series of lineaments highlighted by amplitude brightening from the Baseline to Monitor Surveys is observed, which compete with a more spatially extensive effect of subtle amplitude dimming. These lineaments are suggestive of features below tuning thickness, such as stratigraphic structures of shoals, fractures, and/or thin shoal edges, which are highlighted by an increased apparent thickness and onset of tuning from CO₂. Detailed analysis of these 4D seismic data across frequency sub-bands provide enhanced interpretation of shoal geometry, position, and overlap; identification of lateral changes in lithofacies suggestive of barriers and conduits; insight into relative thickness variation; and the ability of CO₂ tuning ambiguity to highlight zones below tuning thickness and improve reservoir characterization. These results suggest improved efficiency of CO₂ -EOR reservoir surveillance in carbonates, with implications to ensure optimal field planning and flood performance for analogous targets.

Introduction: It has been proposed that inadequate rest intervals may contribute to decreased performance of activities. However, previous research has not investigated the effect of rest interval on performance of the Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT) in individuals with and without chronic ankle instability. Objective: To determine whether rest interval affects performance of the SEBT associated with chronic ankle instability (CAI) and whether neuromuscular function, postural control or biomechanics can be associated factors which may help discriminate between healthy individuals and those with CAI during the SEBT. Design: 2-group counterbalanced study. Participants: Participants included 24 individuals with a history of at least one ankle sprain in the past year and at least 2 episodes of giving way in the past 6 month prior to study enrollment, and 24 individuals with no history of ankle sprain or instability in their lifetime. Methods: Subjects completed 3 trials in each of the 3 reach directions (anteromedial, medial, posteromedial) in random order. A total of three visits were required in order to complete the 3 rest intervals (10, 20, 40 seconds). Normalized maximum reach distance, electromyographic (EMG) activation of tibialis anterior, peroneus longus, and medial gastrocnemius muscles, multiplanar motion of the lower extremity, coupling angles (CA) of lower extremity segments and maximum lateral center of pressure velocity were calculated and compared between groups in each direction for each rest interval. Results: Rest interval did not influence differences of reach distance, EMG ankle muscle activation, kinematics and center of pressure velocity between healthy individuals and those with CAI during the SEBT. However, the rest interval of 20 seconds demonstrated differences in CAs of tibial internal rotation/dorsiflexion (TIR/DF) and tibial internal rotation/eversion (TIR/EV) between healthy individuals and those with CAI during the SEBT. Overall, reach distance, mean amplitude of EMG ankle muscles, kinematics and joint CAs were different between healthy individuals and those with CAI during the SEBT regardless of rest interval. Discussion: Based on these results, differences exist in neuromuscular functions and biomechanics between healthy individuals and those with CAI when performing the SEBT. A rest interval time of 20 seconds between trials during the SEBT is an appropriate time to discriminate joint CAs of TIR/DF and TIR/EV between healthy individuals and those with CAI during the SEBT. These findings have implications for treatment and possible prevention of CAI.

Title: EMG analysis of lower limb muscles in dependence on growing muscle fatigue Objectives: The main objective of this thesis is monitor and evaluate changes in EMG parameters of muscles of low extremities depending on the level of local muscle fatigue (during exercise on legpress. Methods: Study included 8 subjects who completed the exercise on weight lifting machine legpress, while we were measuring 6 muscles on lower extremities by using surface EMG. The measuremets was at level 75 % of maximum weight, when probands doing exercises until he had complete muscle fatigue. Data from electromyography was processed and through them we could watched the spectral distribution of the EMG signal and changes of EMG amplitude, which we relate to maximal voluntary contraction. Results: After analysis of all 48 measured muscles, increased of EMG amplitude occured in 45 of them. There was 67 % statistically significant, another 6 % was really close to significant level and remaining 23 % was insignificant. We have 144 time series in analysis of quartile milestones (Q25, Q50 and Q75). From this number decrease of frequency occured 135 times. There was 75 % statistically significant. Then we found out that biggest decreased was in median and mainly in Q75, it was in 82 %. Conclusions: Study proved that during...