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After the 1999 Kocaeli Earthquake, the use of chemically bonded post-installed anchors has seen a great growth for retrofits in Turkey. Currently, chemically bonded post-installed anchors are designed from related tables provided by adhesive manufacturers and a set of equations based on laboratory pullout tests on normal or high strength concretes. Unfortunately, concrete compressive strengths of existing buildings, which need retrofit for earthquake resistance, ranges within 5 to 16 MPa. The determination of tensile strength of chemically bonded anchors in low-strength concretes is an obvious prerequisite for the design and reliability of retrofit projects. Since chemically bonded anchors result in the failure of concrete, adhesive-concrete interface or anchored material, the ultimate resistance of anchor can be predicted through the sum of the contributions of concrete strength, properties of anchored material (which is steel for this work), and anchorage depth. In this work, all three factors and the predictions of current tables and equations related to anchorages are examined throughout site tests.

The purpose of this study was to assess the identity anchorage of persons in different societal positions. Four experimental groups were chosen to represent different societal positions, namely, students, musicians, management personnel, and nonmanagement personnel. There were 93 subjects involved in these four groups. Each subject was presented with an adapted version of the Twenty Statements Test and a questionnaire to obtain biographical data. The statements made on the Twenty Statements Test were then placed into one of the following categories: physical characteristics; social roles and institutions; characteristic ways of acting, feeling or responding in social interaction; and, broad nondifferentiating statements or denial of identity. These four modes were designated as representing the identity anchorages of a person. The salient modes of identity anchorage for each of the four experimental groups was that of characteristic ways of acting, feeling, or responding in social interaction. Two significant differences were obtained. One was that the musician sample had a significantly higher mean score of responses identifying with social roles and institutions than did the other experimental groups, and the other significant difference indicated females to identify with social roles and institutions more than males. Both of these differences were interpreted with caution as sampling error was present.

Submitted by Luanna Matias (lua_matias@yahoo.com.br) on 2015-03-24T12:37:50Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Marina Craveiro Curado - 2011.pdf: 3629916 bytes, checksum: d41ed968987bcb1605d4561dc26afc0b (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luanna Matias (lua_matias@yahoo.com.br) on 2015-03-24T12:58:58Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Marina Craveiro Curado - 2011.pdf: 3629916 bytes, checksum: d41ed968987bcb1605d4561dc26afc0b (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-24T12:58:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Marina Craveiro Curado - 2011.pdf: 3629916 bytes, checksum: d41ed968987bcb1605d4561dc26afc0b (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-07-11 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Curved anchorages shall be used once there is the need of reducing the necessary length for the transference of stresses between reinforcement and concrete. The transference of stresses in this case is performed not only through the bond between both materials but also through radial compression onto the concrete. Besides enhancing the bond properties between the reinforcement and the concrete, the addition of steel fibers to the concrete also enhances the strength to material tension contributing to avoid the splitting within the loop level. This paper aims at studying connections resistant to normal tension force composed by the overlapping of bent bars into loop shape. In order to do so, an experimental program was developed to evaluate the influence of some variables in the anchorage strength and connections formed by bent bars into loop shape. In both cases, the bending diameter of the loop and the grade of steel fibers added to the concrete were adopted as variables. Different development lengths regarding the pullout experimental data were also considered in order to assess anchorage strength. The influence over connection strength of the transversal reinforcement presence to the loop level was also analyzed. The outcomes of experimental data showed that the adopted bending diameter to the loop have influenced neither anchorage strength nor connections. Anchorage strength is related to the development length of the reinforcement within the concrete. Once 2% of steel fibers were added to the concrete, there was yielding of the reinforcement into a development length of only 50 mm. Regarding the connections, the presence of transversal reinforcement ensured a gradual loss of force within the post-peak section. Such reinforcement only influenced the connection strength when it was used together with 1% steel fibers. The fibers provided additions to the anchorage strengths and to the connections allowing the length reduction of anchorage loops. The strut and tie model was employed within the development of one expression to the calculation of the studied connection strength. Overall, the proposed equation tended to underestimate the values of maximum force. / As ancoragens curvas podem ser utilizadas quando se deseja reduzir o comprimento necessário para transferência de tensões entre as barras da armadura e o concreto. Neste caso, a transferência de tensões é realizada não apenas por meio da aderência entre os dois materiais, mas também por compressão radial no concreto. A adição de fibras de aço ao concreto além de melhorar as propriedades de aderência entre a armadura e o concreto, aumenta a resistência à tração do material, contribuindo para evitar o fendilhamento no plano do laço. Este trabalho tem como objetivo estudar uma ligação resistente à força normal de tração constituída pelo traspasse de barras dobradas em forma de laço. Para tanto, foi desenvolvido um programa experimental que buscou avaliar a influência de algumas variáveis sobre a resistência de ancoragem e de ligações formadas por barras dobradas em forma de laço. Nos dois casos, foram adotados como variáveis o diâmetro de dobramento do laço e o teor de fibras de aço adicionadas ao concreto. No caso dos ensaios de arrancamento, para avaliação da resistência da ancoragem, foram também considerados diferentes comprimentos de ancoragem. Investigou-se, ainda, a influência sobre a resistência da ligação da presença de armadura transversal ao plano do laço. Os resultados dos ensaios indicaram que o diâmetro de dobramento adotado para o laço não influenciou a resistência da ancoragem nem das ligações. A resistência de ancoragem está basicamente relacionada ao comprimento de embutimento da armadura no concreto. Com a adição de 2% de fibras de aço ao concreto houve o escoamento da armadura para um comprimento de ancoragem de apenas 50 mm. No caso das ligações, a presença da armadura transversal garantiu perda gradual da força no trecho pós-pico. Essa armadura influenciou a resistência da ligação apenas quando utilizada em conjunto com as fibras de aço no teor de 1%. As fibras proporcionaram acréscimos na resistência das ancoragens e das ligações, além de terem permitido a redução do comprimento de ancoragem dos laços. O Modelo de Bielas e Tirantes foi empregado no desenvolvimento de uma expressão para o cálculo da resistência da ligação estudada. De modo geral, a equação proposta tendeu a subestimar os valores de força máxima.

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(工学) / 甲第21364号 / 工博第4523号 / 新制||工||1704(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院工学研究科建築学専攻 / (主査)教授 西山 峰広, 教授 竹脇 出, 准教授 倉田 真宏 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Philosophy (Engineering) / Kyoto University / DFAM

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