No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

This study, in very broad terms, is concerned with the contribution of marketing to the success of small companies with particular reference to the textile industry in Egypt. There is abundant evidence that marketing has a fundamental role to play in firms of every size, even in small companies with limited resources. Nevertheless, an examination of the literature reveals that the marketing concept was introduced as a concept applicable to big companies and little attention, therefore, has been paid to marketing in small companies, particularly in underdeveloped countries such as Egypt. Small companies, however, cannot adopt the same marketing strategies as used by large ones. The study, therefore, examines possible marketing strategies for small companies with specific reference to Egypt. In addition to investigating the environmental factors prevailing in Egypt as a developing country and how these factors affect marketing development in small companies, it suggests that the ana lysis must be conducted in the light of Islamic teachings regarding marketing since Egypt is an Islamic country. These teachings, it is argued, are consistent with the societal marketing philosophy. However, it is suggested that there is a distinct lack of awareness and understanding of the Islamic marketing philosophy among the managers of Egyptian small companies - indeed of all Egyptian enterprises. It follows that linking the societal marketing concept to the Islamic doctrines may contribute to persuading the Egyptian management, with special reference to small companies' managers as exemplified by the textile industry, to adopt and implement the societal marketing approach in their business. In this regard, it may be useful to point out that the present study is the first attempt to deal with marketing strategies of Egyptian small companies on the one hand, and handling this problem within the framework of Islamic teaching and a developing economy on the other. To achieve the ends specified above, a thorough examination of the literature relating to Islamic marketing teachings as well as the literature pertaining to the applicability of the societal marketing concept and marketing techniques to small companies in general and in Egypt in particular, was carried out and based upon this examination specific hypotheses have been formulated and tested. The empirical investigation was undertaken in small Egyptian manufacturing textile companies in both the public and private sectors. The study was conducted using a sample of 5 public firms and 100 private companies representing the total number of firms working in this industry. Personal interviews employing three structured questionnaires was the method used for data collection from these companies. The findings of the field work reveal that the managements of the two kinds of companies investigated for the most part pay only limited attention to marketing and consider the societal marketing concept irrelevant to their business. In addition, there is an association between the degree of marketing development and the specific environmental variables which have been suggested as influencing the status of marketing in these companies, namely: 1. The lack of awareness, understanding and adoption of the Islamic marketing doctrines. 2. The small size of companies. 3. Government control over the marketing mix elements and other areas of decision making. 4. The shortage of competent managerial know-how, particularly in the field of marketing. 5. The lack of competition in practical terms.

The cardinal objective of this research has been to investigate cross- culturally the performance of Egyptian and English children of age’s 5 to 15 on science conceptualization in the light of Piaget's theory of cognitive development. Two integrated empirical studies were administered to a total of 891 subjects from the two countries. The preliminary study assessed the preoperational children's (ages 5 to 11) understanding of the concepts of life and death. The 389 children who participated in this study of animism showed no evidence that animism is a spontaneous tendency of the preoperational child's mental structure universally demonstrated. Chi-square analysis revealed some small significant differences between Egyptians and English, and no significant differences between sexes. Kurskal-Wallis One-Way Anova indicated that there was a correlation^ between ages and correct responses. A sample of 502 subjects (270 Egyptians, 232 English) of ages 11, 13, and 15 participated in the second study of the development of science concepts in the concrete and formal operational children. Nonparametric statistical technique of Mann- Whitney U test was used to compute the data obtained. The results revealed that a small proportion of children attained the late concrete and formal operational stages, that the attainment of the stages was in correlation with age levels, that there was no definite age at which a child attained a specific developmental stage, that there were very slight variations between Egyptian and English children's attainment of the late formal stage, that there was a relationship between gender and the attainment of late formal operation stage, and that the educational system was a factor in the performance of the children on science concepts. These findings tend to support Ausubel's theory rather than Piaget's theory of cognitive development.

The discussion concerning the prospects for democratization in Muslim-majority countries has been revived in recent years. It has been widely argued that the repression and exclusion of Islamic movements from the political process in Muslim countries breeds radicalism, while political engagement and inclusion, however, encourages moderation and compromise. The fact that only few Muslim states have been affected by the recent global wave of democratization has raised many questions concerning the impact of Islam and Islamic activism on democratization. Does Islam or Islamic activism hinder democratization and strengthen authoritarianism in the Muslim-majority countries? Can democratization progress in Muslim countries without the full inclusion of the major Islamic forces in the formal political process?

Thesis (M.A.), English , Creative Writing--University of Central Oklahoma, 2007. / A screenplay.

Thesis (doctoral)--Universität Wien, 1968.

Thesis (B.S.)--University of Wisconsin -- La Crosse, 2007. / Also available online. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.T.S.)--Catholic Theological Union at Chicago, 1990. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 82-83).