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A study of the holonomy group of space-time is undertaken and related to the Segre and Petrov types of then Weyl and <I>E</I>-tensors respectively. Attention is then focused on the <I>E</I>-tensor, and a theorem is proved which states that any space-time <I>M</I> can be disjointly decomposed into open sets on which the Segre type of the <I>E</I>-tensor is constant, the union of which if dense in <I>M. </I>This theorem is then applied to prove a similar theorem for the Ricci tensor using the principal null directions of the <I>E</I>-tensor. Finally, a study of proper projective symmetry in null and non-null Einstein-Maxwell and static, spherically symmetric space-times is performed. A theorem is proved which states that no proper projective symmetry is possible in any null Einstein-Maxwell space-times. This result is then extended to the non-null case under some general restrictions. The static, spherically symmetric space-times are then considered, and those admitting proper projective symmetry are completely determined. The proper projective vector fields are also explicitly calculated.

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"Kinds of Spaces: Poststructural Concepts and Metafictional Appropriations" emerges from studies in structural linguistics, contemporary critical theory, and metafiction and thus moves into the realms of poststructuralism and deconstruction while developing a theory of space in writing. Its central sections attempt to conceptually and physically broaden the scope of the investigation and progress from linguistic space, via inscribed space and ontological inter-space, to erotic space. Thus, "Marking a Place of Differ( )nce" concerns the poststructural redefinition of the Saussurean model with its gap between signifier and signified in the debate between Lacan and Derrida on the "Purloined Letter"; "'a spatial displacement of words"' discusses the disruption of syntax and the ensuing dissemination of letters across the page in concrete prose, particularly as they relate to narratological displacement in Raymond Federman's Double or Nothing; "From Ear to Eye" reenacts the analogy created between sound and sight in Steve Katz's The Exagggerations of Peter Prince, which attempts an erosion of ontological and spatial boundaries in the text; "The Body, the Book, and the Supplement of Supplements" addresses the physical space between reader and book, the uniting of their bodies, and is based on Rousseau's concept of the supplement, Foucault's notion of the gaze, and Baudrillard's discussion of seduction.These central sections are framed by: "The Blank in Writing," which develops a theory of blank space in writing mostly drawing on Derridean concepts and applying them to a reading of the Mobv Dick chapter "The Whiteness of the Whale," and "The Topography of Writing," which, while focussing on the relationship between space and time, discusses Raymond Federman's The Voice in the Closet, a typographical tour de force which incorporates blank space. At the end, a "Postscript" attempts to assess the blank's sign quality as it emerges as integral constituent to each concept discussed. / Department of English

The purpose of the study was to design a valid and reliable instrument to measure sensitivity to the principles of spatial illusionism, the Spatial Illusionism Sensitivity Test, hereafter referred to as the SIST.

Trade shows, a powerful tool to introduce and sell products and services, need to attract, hold, persuade and inform visitors. In trade shows, well-designed social spaces can facilitate active communications and interactions between exhibitors and visitors. Besides being amenities to retain visitors, social spaces can balance or re-stimulate visitors’ emotion. Based on the interdisciplinary exploration of urbanism, environmental psychology, and exhibition design, the practicum proposes a new strategy of organization for exhibition layout, structured by social spaces in various scales and levels. Case studies of existing trade shows identify the context and design factors in existing social spaces. The understanding of human behaviour and activities determines an appropriate configuration of social spaces. Systematic programming will delineate the context relating to the practicum topic. The final product is to find appropriate solutions and approachable settings to develop effective social spaces within a public trade show, improving the comprehensive quality of exhibitions.

This practicum examines methods of identifying concerns regarding public spaces and pedestrian orientation through community participation. Walking tours and focus groups were carried out to gain an understanding of existing conditions related to the comfort and safety of pedestrians in public spaces. Public participation plays a vital role in planning processes for projects focused on improving pedestrian environments. The community is a valuable source of information because its members are most familiar with conditions and what changes they would like to see in the urban environments that they inhabit. Although this research focused on a particular neighbourhood in Winnipeg, the research methods used can inform urban design practices in general and can be applied to other neighbourhoods. To address participants’ concerns about public spaces and pedestrian safety, guidelines for public spaces were prepared. These included recommendations about changes and enhancements to public spaces that could improve the experience of pedestrians.

The objective of this practicum project was to explore the role of interior design in transforming unused urban space into public opportunities for gathering. This was achieved by extracting design guidelines from theoretical concepts of space and place, interiority, and immersion. In doing so, subsidiary concepts of interactivity, placemaking, boundaries and thresholds were also examined in order to help achieve the overall goal of transforming in-between space within the city of Winnipeg into meaningful opportunities for spatial and social interaction. It is the intention of the project that these newly designed spaces will help to foster spatial opportunities for pausing that will help to engage the users of the space with one another, the city of Winnipeg, and in turn create a sense of place.