Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:28:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2012-06-18Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:57:44Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 kadri_sm_me_botfmvz.pdf: 272014 bytes, checksum: 9f13aa2c2298964cd8ddefe25c6e9b41 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) / Os objetivos do presente trabalho foram avaliar o efeito do aumento do espaço interno da colmeia (por meio da adição de melgueiras) na produção e nas características físico-químicas (acidez total, pH, umidade, cinzas), desenvolvimento populacional do enxame e expressão de genes relacionados ao estresse em abelhas Apis mellifera. Foram selecionadas e padronizadas vinte colmeias, divididas em quatro tratamentos, sendo T1: controle, adição de uma melgueira e acréscimo de outras ao longo da florada, conforme a necessidade; T2, T3 e T4: duas, três e quatro “melgueiras” acrescentadas de forma simultânea, respectivamente, no início da florada. Os resultados foram comparados por ANOVA, seguida do teste de Tukey (P<0,05). Pode-se concluir que o T1 apresentou produção de mel significativamente maior em comparação aos demais tratamentos e que o acréscimo de espaço interno nas colmeias promoveu aumento da expressão de genes relacionados ao estresse, sem interferir com o desenvolvimento populacional do enxame e qualidade físicoquímica do mel produzido / The aim of this study was to evaluate different management in honey production, by analyzing physicochemical honey properties such as acidity, pH, moisture, ash and lund; the population development in Apis mellifera bees. Twenty beehives were selected and standardized, and five were used for each honey production management, T1: control, when supers were added according to storage necessity throughout the period of nectar secretion, T2, T3 and T4 had two, three and four supers added respectively. It is worth mentioning that all the supers were added at the same time. The results were compared by ANOVA followed by Tukey test (p<0,05). We can conclude that T1 showed higher honey production compared with the other treatments and the increase of internal space in hives promoted and in the expression of genes related to stress, but not interfering in the population development and in honey physico-chemical quality

Orientador: Luiz Francisco Prata / Banca: Samir Issa Samara / Banca: Rubens Toshio Fukuda / Resumo: O presente trabalho teve como objetivo, observar o panorama das condições de pré-abate de bovinos, as práticas com relação ao bem-estar animal e também fazer um levantamento da percentagem (freqüência de ocorrência) de contusões em carcaça e suas possíveis conseqüências. Para isso, durante o ano de 2004, foram monitorados cinco frigoríficos, sendo aplicados questionários e formulários de monitorações, para conhecer a estrutura e aplicação de procedimentos de pré-abate aos animais. Observou-se que apenas 86,00% dos animais abatidos recebiam atordoamento adequado, com eficiência da insensibilização de 96,00%. Ainda durante o manejo préabate, as quedas dos animais chegaram a 22,00% e as vocalizações ocorreram em até 30,00%. Houve uma média de 70,00% de contusões nos animais monitorados, com um peso médio de 147,11 g retirados de cada animal devido a lesões nas carcaças, o que representou 34.953,34 kg de perdas de carne ao ano. Esses aspectos indicam a importância e a necessidade de reformulação dos conceitos da cadeia produtiva para manter a condição (habilitação) do país como exportador de carne. / Abstract: The present research had as aim: to observe how were the pre-slaughter conditions of bovines, the practices for animal welfare and also the incidence of bruises in carcass and its possible consequences. For that, during the year of 2004, five slaughterhouses were monitored, being applied questionnaires and monitoring forms to know the structure and application of pre-slaughter procedures to the animals. It was observed that 86,00% of the slaughtered animals just received appropriate stunning, causing efficiency of the insensible animals in 96,00%. Still during the pre-slaughter handling, the falls of the animals were 22,00% and the vocalizations happened in up to 30,00%. There was an average of 70,00% of bruises in the monitored animals, representing an average of 147,11 g retired of each animal due the lesions in the carcasses, that represented 34.953,34 kg of meat losses a year. Those aspects indicate the importance and need of reformulation of productive chain concepts to maintain the meat exporter condition. / Mestre

Understanding public attitudes towards using animals for medical experimentation and the issues that cause public concern is of importance scientifically, economically and ethically. Although national opinion poll data appear to provide enough evidence to propose the hypothesis that 'the majority of people in Britain support animal research' it is clear from reviewing the literature that the attitudes of young people have not been adequately explored. Furthermore, the ethical considerations and scientific understanding underpinning such attitudes are also poorly understood. It is also clear that we have little comprehension of how ethnic minority groups in our society view animal experimentation (AE). The aim of this study is therefore to acquire a contemporary, comprehensive understanding of young people's perceptions of AL This is pursued by means of a custom made questionnaire that also seeks to explore knowledge/understanding and values/belief systems within a cross-cultural context. Qualitative aspects of the study, both verbal and pictorial, enrich the quantitative data generated, allowing a unique insight into how young people articulate their attitudes towards AE. The findings from this study reveal that young people hold a diverse array of attitudes towards AE. Their support is dependent on animal species, which for non-Islamic respondents appears to be based on traditional Western considerations of phylogenic hierarchy. For Islamic respondents, however, attitudes towards certain animals diverge from this phylogenic classification, being driven instead perhaps by traditional cultural relationships with animals. Cross-cultural differences of how animals are viewed were also apparent when value typologies were measured. Scales to assess the human-animal bond and instrumental attitudes towards animals demonstrate that Islamic respondents have a less emotional attachment to animals, viewing them more instrumentally. The human-animal relationship scales reveal no such differences. Young people appear to have a poor knowledge base regarding issues surrounding AE and have a negative image of animal welfare within research facilities. These perceptions correlate with attitudes towards AE and hence suggest that there is a need for greater communication between scientists and lay people regarding this issue. When compared with other scales measuring instrumental uses of animals, Islamic respondents supported AE to a lesser extent than might have been expected, which may reflect a lower level of general medical understanding. Gaining a greater understanding of young people's perceptions of AE is not only important in its own right but may also be of general benefit in the arena of public understanding of science. The recommendations from this study therefore suggest routes to strengthen scientific communication in regard to the issue of AB that might also be applicable to more general areas of science.

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The broad objective of the study was to determine the socio-economic importance, health and welfare aspects of donkeys used for carting in a peri-urban area. A survey was conducted among 71 donkey owners in Joza, a peri-urban area near Grahamstown in the Eastern Cape Province (ECP) of South Africa to investigate their perceptions on socio-economic importance, health and welfare aspects of donkeys used for transport. Two hundred and seventy-one donkeys used for carting were assessed through direct observation of health and behaviour parameters to determine their welfare status. Results revealed that donkeys are indeed of immense value to people, being used daily (54.93%) for income generation activities and at least once per month (7.08%) for domestic chores. Most of the respondents (32%) earned R 600.00 per week while 11% earned at least R 200.00 per week from carting using donkeys. Donkeys were used for carting of goods (90.14%) more than for manure (16.9%). Gender and age of owners significantly (P < 0.05) influence perceptions on source of income while education level influenced their perceptions on carting firewood, goods and water. Results on management practices and health problems encountered by working donkeys showed that most of the owners managed their animals poorly. Most donkeys were being beaten (74.65%) during work, made to travel long distances (43.66%), worked long hours (52.11%) without adequate water (59.10%) and feed supplements (83.10%). Wounds (95.97%), coughing (75.65%) and lameness (64.79%) were some of the health problems encountered by donkeys. Significant relationships (P ˂ 0.05) were observed between owners’ perceptions on management practices and health problems encountered by donkeys. Among the observed animals, 61% were thin and mostly apathetic (26.2%) than medium and fat animals. Responses to observer approaches were significantly associated with sex and body condition score (BCS), with stallions in good body condition being more aggressive. Donkeys having a BCS of 3-5 avoided chin contact either by kicking out or moving away. Results further showed that most of the donkeys were suffering from external injuries, with the hindquarters (39.85%), shoulder (32.10%) and spine (21.77%) being the mostly affected areas. The prevalence of wounds on tail-base, belly, flank and neck were seen in less than 13% of the animals. The prevalence of wounds was influenced by age and BCS of the animals. Young donkeys with good BCS were less affected than old donkeys. Lameness, poor coat condition, external parasites, abnormal mucous membrane and dental problems were observed in less than 30% of the animals. It was concluded that donkeys play a pivotal role economically and socially to the livelihoods of people in a peri-urban area (Joza) in terms of income generation and transportation. However, these animals are experiencing multiple health and welfare problems. Therefore, more access to veterinary services, training on donkey use and management, health and welfare promotion programs are of paramount importance in solving the problem of poor health and welfare in donkeys.

Since before the opening of the University of British Columbia medical school in 1950, a group of Vancouver citizens has contested the use of laboratory animals by local scientists. The resulting debate has consistently centered around questions of the cruelty and scientific value of animal experimentation. Although antivivisectionists received little coverage in Vancouver's decidedly pro-vivisectionist mainstream press between 1950 and 1980, they nevertheless caused Vancouver researchers to employ a number of tactics to foster a positive image of their animal care practices during this period. By the early 1980s, Vancouver antivivisectionists had succeeded in disseminating highly graphic descriptions of animals undergoing experimentation via local community newspapers, and in using direct action tactics to link these images with specific Vancouver laboratories. In response, medical researchers heightened their longstanding efforts to conceal their experimental practices from public view. The limited public visibility of the animal lab and the commonly held belief in the necessity of animal use for medical progress both helped to limit opposition to animal experimentation between 1950 and 1990, despite an increasingly widespread acknowledgement of the cruelty of this set of practices. / Arts, Faculty of / History, Department of / Graduate

Optimal animal welfare has been a long-term goal for captive animal institutions. To measure welfare a definition and identification of elements that make up welfare need to be established. Further, a method to measure welfare's elements that can be implemented into staff's daily routine is necessary to establish baseline levels and track changes in welfare. The goal of the proposed captive animal activity tracking system is to allow for the measurement of each element of welfare quickly, while providing information regarding the animal's current state of welfare and how changes to the animal's environment affect welfare. The data show that this system is effective in revealing behavioral patterns and changes in behavior that occurred in response to environmental changes.

Orientador: Silvia Regina Lucas de Souza / Coorientador: Diogo de Lucas Sartori / Banca: Leda Gobbo de Freitas Bueno / Banca: Carla dos Santos Riccardi / Resumo: A relação entre conforto e ambiência é o aproveitamento de recursos passivos que a natureza oferece para dar ao ambiente uma condição favorável e estável em relação ao clima externo e interno. Nessa relação entre o ambiente e a região, o Brasil tem grandes desafios para produção aviária decorrentes de fatores térmicos, é preciso utilizar estratégias para modificar o ambiente interno das instalações destinadas á criação de aves. Desta forma este trabalho teve por objetivo produzir painéis arquitetônicos para forro, utilizando resíduos provenientes da agroindústria (casca de arroz, fibra de coco e polipropileno) e que foram aplicados em um protótipo para os aviários, a fim de aferir os índices de conforto térmico. Para avaliação dos painéis produzidos foram realizados os ensaios de propriedades físico-mecânicas, de acordo com as normas NBR 14810 (2013) e ANSI A208. 1-2006. Foi realizada análise estatística pelo Delineamento Inteiramente Casualizado (DIC) e adotada a análise de variância ANOVA, (p<0,05). Para o ensaio de densidade o tratamento 50PP30CA20FC atingiu a densidade de 608,35kg/m³, classificado como média densidade de acordo com a NBR 14810 (2013); no ensaio de inchamento e absorção de água (2h e 24h) somente o tratamento 60PP30CA10FC atingiu os parâmetros da norma. De acordo com as duas normas, nenhum dos tratamentos atingiu os valores mínimos para ensaio de MOR e MOE. Os quatro tratamentos foram considerados como isolantes térmicos de baixa condutividade (classificaç... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The relationship between comfort and ambience is the use of passive resources that nature offers to give the environment favorable and stable external and internal climatic conditions. In this relationship between the environment and the region, Brazil has great challenges for avian production due to thermal factors. It is necessary to use strategies to modify the internal environment of poultry farms. In this way, the objective of this work is to produce architectural panels for lining, using residues from the agroindustry (rice husk, coconut fiber and polypropylene) applied in a prototype to the aviaries, in order to measure the thermal comfort indexes. For the evaluation of the produced panels, the physical-mechanical properties tests were carried out, according to the norms NBR 14810 (2013) and ANSI A208. 1-2006. Statistical analysis was performed using the completely randomized design (CRD) and ANOVA variation analysis was used (p <0.05). For the density test the treatment 50PP30CA20FC reached the density of 608.35 kg / m³, classified as medium density according to NBR 14810 (2013); in the swelling and water absorption test (2h and 24h) only the 60PP30CA10FC treatment reached the parameters of the standard. According to the two standards, none of the treatments reached the minimum values for the MOR and MOE test. The four treatments were considered as low conductivity thermal insulators (minimum classification for insulators is 0.25 W/mK). The performance of the panels applied in the prototypes as small scale sheds for poultry production was evaluated. The Orvalho program was used to evaluate the THI and HGTI comfort indexes, considering birds over three weeks of age. According to the THI, with an average of 70/71 birds would be in comfort in both facilities. For HGTI I1 is in a comfort situation at three times for birds with three weeks of life and the I2 in cold stress situation ... / Mestre

<div> This study uses a choice experiment to investigate consumer preference for beef when faced with a tradeoff between increased animal welfare and lower levels of environmental impact. Results were obtained via an online survey consisting of 1,559 participants from the U.S. in Summer 2019. Participants were shown one of three presentation designs, as well as one of three information treatments (control, pro-environment, and pro-animal welfare). Consumers were shown to have significantly higher WTP for animal welfare attributes than environmentally friendly characteristics. </div><div>\par Participants which were shown the purely informational design regarded only price and whether the beef was grassfed and free of added growth hormones when choosing. The second presentation used sizing and coloring to convey environmental impact, producing higher WTP for environmental attributes and slightly lower WTP for animal welfare qualities. Participants in the third design were shown packages of ground beef with labels in place of the attribute levels. These participants had the least variance between attribute WTP and had 1.5-2 times greater WTP for a meat option than the other presentation treatments. </div><div>\par Pro-animal welfare information had the highest effect within the informational design, which had the highest overall WTP for animal welfare attributes. The visual presentation was influenced most heavily by the pro-environment information. Information treatments had no effect on the labels presentation.</div><div>\par While improvements in farm animal welfare might coincide with environmental improvements, the two issues can often come into conflict, particularly when it comes to greater intensification of production systems. This study aims to determine consumer preferences for ground beef when faced with a tradeoff between increased animal welfare and lower levels of environmental impact. A discrete choice experiment was conducted with over 1,500 U.S. consumers in mid-2019. Because of the high degree of consumer unfamiliarity likely associated with animal welfare and environmental impacts of beef production, we sought to determine the sensitivity of results by systematically varying how attributes were presented (textually, visually, or via labels) and what information was available to respondents (control, pro-environment, or pro-animal welfare). If shown only textual attribute information, consumers were unresponsive to environmental impacts such as land use, water use, and greenhouse gas emissions; these issues were more impactful when communicated visually or via labels. Using pictures of ground beef with labels significantly increased the odds one of the meat options was chosen relative to treatments that presented choices in tabular form. Avoidance of the use of added growth hormones was one of the preferable seven attributes studied. Providing pro-environment or pro-animal welfare information had small, but statistically significant impacts on consumer choice. Overall, results suggest consumers are willing to trade environment for animal welfare, but the extent of this tradeoff strongly depends on how the attributes are presented.</div>