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The purpose of this study was to determine whether maximally accumulated oxygen deficit (OD) was a valid index of anaerobic capacity by distinguishing among groups of aerobically and anaerobically trained athletes. In addition, OD was correlated with commonly used anaerobic capacity/power measures. Subjects were four distance and five middle distance runners, three sprinters, and four controls. Subjects performed one 2-3 minute supra-maximal treadmill run in which blood lactates were recorded, a Wingate Bicycle Ergometer Test, and runs of 300, 400, and 600 meters. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and a Duncan's Multiple Range test. Significant differences in OD were found between: sprinters and middle distance runners vs. distance runners and controls suggesting a greater anaerobic capacity in the former two groups. Significant correlations also were found between OD and the other anaerobic tests. This study demonstrates that OD can distinguish among groups of track athletes whose events require varying levels of anaerobic metabolism. Correlations between OD and selected field tests suggest that the latter are measuring some common aspects of anaerobic ability.

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This study utilized nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to examine two aspects of intracellular pH (pH$\rm\sb{i}$) regulation in muscle tissue of marine invertebrates: (1) the adaptive relevance to anoxia tolerance of species-specific differences in buffering capacity and the ion exchange processes associated with pH$\rm\sb{i}$ regulation, and (2) the potential role of organic acid exchange in pH$\rm\sb{i}$ regulation. Cardiac muscle from closely related species of intertidal whelks which experience different degrees of air exposure was compared. The most anoxia-tolerant species had the highest buffering capacity ($\beta\rm\sb{int}$) and ion exchange rates (dH$\sp+$/dt), whereas only small differences were observed among the other comparison species. These results suggest some adaptive value for having increased capacity for regulation of pH$\rm\sb{i}$. The second portion of this study examined transport of lactate across the plasma membrane of muscle cells of the lobster, Panulirus argus, and assessed the effect of this process on pH$\rm\sb{i}$. In this species, no specific monocarboxylate transporter was found and the principal means of lactate transport is via passive diffusion. These and other results suggest that lactate transport is not an important mechanism for pH$\rm\sb{i}$ regulation in this species, at least over short time periods. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 57-04, Section: B, page: 2263. / Major Professor: W. Ross Ellington. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Florida State University, 1996.

Ten male subjects (25.4 $\pm$ 3.1 yrs) were studied before and after 90 minutes of resistance exercise to determine the acute and delayed effects of both high volume (HV) and low volume (LV) regimens on alterations in lipid and lipoprotein levels as well as the activity of lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT). High volume exercise involved the use of 8 to 12RM loads performed to exhaustion with 60 second rest intervals between sets, while low volume resistance exercise involved the use of one to five RM loads with three minutes rest intervals between sets. Fasting blood samples were drawn from an antecubital vein immediately before and after exercise as well as 24, 48, and 72 hours post-exercise. Lipoprotein values were adjusted for extimated changes in plasma volume using both hematocrit and hemoglobin measurements. A significant decrease ($-$9%) in plasma volume was demonstrated immediately following the HV regime followed by a plasma volume expansion 24 hours (7%) post-exercise. HV resistance exercise produced significant increases in HDL-C (+11%) and HDL$\sb{3}$-C (+12%) 24 hours post-exercise when compared to baseline values. Furthermore, the modifications in HDL-C were significantly different from the LV and control (CON) sessions. In contrast, elevated triglyceride levels (+10%) and LCAT activity (+14%) demonstrated immediately post-exercise (HV) were significantly depressed (i.e., $-$12% and $-$17%, respectively) by 24 hours post-exercise. There were no significant changes in either total cholesterol, which may in part reflect reciprocal changes in LDL-C and HDL-C, or in HDL$\sb{2}$-C concentrations. Furthermore, neither the CON nor the LV session resulted in any consistent directional changes or statistically significant differences. The findings of this study suggest that the potential of resistance exercise to effect favorable modifications in the lipoprotein profile resides in the volume of exercise performed. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 50-04, Section: A, page: 0898. / Major Professor: Emily Haymes. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Florida State University, 1989.