Diss. (sammanfattning) Uppsala : Sveriges lantbruksuniv., 2007. / Härtill 5 uppsatser.

Thesis (doctoral)--Universität Greifswald.

Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2009. / Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vi, 122 p. : col. ill. Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 51-53).

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Central Florida, 2008. / Adviser: Charles Reilly. Includes bibliographical references (p. 71-73).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Chicago, Dept. of Philosophy, Jun. 2003. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 275-286). Also available on the Internet.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-01-26T13:21:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2014-11-14Bitstream added on 2015-01-26T13:30:35Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000806811.pdf: 861801 bytes, checksum: 91c7750d38d0722cd360e43e4bd9419e (MD5) / O experimento foi conduzido com o objetivo de avaliar o desempenho de pintainhas debicadas por radiação infravermelha e lâmina quente. Para tanto foram utilizadas 800 pintainhas em fase de cria (1-34 dias) no delineamento em blocos ao acaso, esquema fatorial 2 x 3 + 2 (duas intensidades de debicagem, moderada e severa, por meio de radiação infravermelha com três intensidades de luz infravermelha, baixa (42 nm), média (46 nm) e alta (52 nm) e dois tratamentos adicionais de debicagem por lâmina quente, sendo intensidade de debicagem moderada e severa) perfazendo oito tratamentos com cinco repetições de 20 aves/cada. As características avaliadas foram o peso inicial, consumo de ração acumulado, ganho de peso, conversão alimentar, peso corporal, uniformidade de peso, comprimento e uniformidade do bico, viabilidade e ausência de canibalismo. Os dados foram submetidos à ANOVA, para experimento em esquema fatorial com tratamentos adicionais. Em caso de efeito significativo (p<0,05) os pares de médias foram comparados pelo teste F, e para as comparações múltiplas utilizou-se o teste Tukey. Para ambos os tratamentos, a debicagem moderada apresentou melhores valores no consumo de ração e peso corporal, entretanto foi observado pior conversão alimentar para aves debicadas por lâmina quente. Aves debicadas por meio de radiação infravermelha apresentaram melhor valor de desempenho, não diferindo na conversão alimentar quando comparadas a debicagem pelo método convencional utilizando lâmina quente / The experiment was conducted to evaluate the performance of chicks debicadas by infrared radiation and hot blade. Therefore, we used 800 chicks in the growing period (1-34 days) in a randomized block design, factorial 2 x 3 + 2 (two intensities of beak trimming, moderate and severe, through infrared radiation with three light intensities infrared, low (42 nm), medium (46 nm) and high (52 nm) and two additional treatments of hot blade beak trimming by, and intensity of moderate and severe beak trimming) totaling eight treatments with five replicates of 20 birds / each. The characteristics were the initial weight, cumulative feed intake, weight gain, feed conversion, body weight, uniformity of weight, length and uniformity of the nozzle, feasibility and absence of cannibalism. Data were analyzed by ANOVA, to experiment in a factorial design with additional treatments. In case of significant effect (p <0.05) pairs of means were compared by the F test, and for multiple comparisons was used the Tukey test. For both treatments, the moderate pecking showed better values in feed intake and body weight, however it was observed lower feed conversion debicadas birds by hot blade. Debicadas birds through infrared radiation performed better value, with no difference in feed conversion when compared to the conventional method using pecking hot blade

Orientador: Edivaldo Antônio Garcia / Banca: Adriano Geraldo / Banca: Ibiara Correia de Lima Almeida Paz / Resumo: O experimento foi conduzido com o objetivo de avaliar o desempenho de pintainhas debicadas por radiação infravermelha e lâmina quente. Para tanto foram utilizadas 800 pintainhas em fase de cria (1-34 dias) no delineamento em blocos ao acaso, esquema fatorial 2 x 3 + 2 (duas intensidades de debicagem, moderada e severa, por meio de radiação infravermelha com três intensidades de luz infravermelha, baixa (42 nm), média (46 nm) e alta (52 nm) e dois tratamentos adicionais de debicagem por lâmina quente, sendo intensidade de debicagem moderada e severa) perfazendo oito tratamentos com cinco repetições de 20 aves/cada. As características avaliadas foram o peso inicial, consumo de ração acumulado, ganho de peso, conversão alimentar, peso corporal, uniformidade de peso, comprimento e uniformidade do bico, viabilidade e ausência de canibalismo. Os dados foram submetidos à ANOVA, para experimento em esquema fatorial com tratamentos adicionais. Em caso de efeito significativo (p<0,05) os pares de médias foram comparados pelo teste F, e para as comparações múltiplas utilizou-se o teste Tukey. Para ambos os tratamentos, a debicagem moderada apresentou melhores valores no consumo de ração e peso corporal, entretanto foi observado pior conversão alimentar para aves debicadas por lâmina quente. Aves debicadas por meio de radiação infravermelha apresentaram melhor valor de desempenho, não diferindo na conversão alimentar quando comparadas a debicagem pelo método convencional utilizando lâmina quente / Abstract: The experiment was conducted to evaluate the performance of chicks debicadas by infrared radiation and hot blade. Therefore, we used 800 chicks in the growing period (1-34 days) in a randomized block design, factorial 2 x 3 + 2 (two intensities of beak trimming, moderate and severe, through infrared radiation with three light intensities infrared, low (42 nm), medium (46 nm) and high (52 nm) and two additional treatments of hot blade beak trimming by, and intensity of moderate and severe beak trimming) totaling eight treatments with five replicates of 20 birds / each. The characteristics were the initial weight, cumulative feed intake, weight gain, feed conversion, body weight, uniformity of weight, length and uniformity of the nozzle, feasibility and absence of cannibalism. Data were analyzed by ANOVA, to experiment in a factorial design with additional treatments. In case of significant effect (p <0.05) pairs of means were compared by the F test, and for multiple comparisons was used the Tukey test. For both treatments, the moderate pecking showed better values in feed intake and body weight, however it was observed lower feed conversion debicadas birds by hot blade. Debicadas birds through infrared radiation performed better value, with no difference in feed conversion when compared to the conventional method using pecking hot blade / Mestre

<p>Sow litter sizes have been increasing over the years. Increasing litter sizes typically result in an increased duration of farrowing which can be detrimental to piglet survival due to the increased risk of <i>in-utero</i> asphyxiation. The cumulative effect of repeated contractions over extended time results in increased pressure on the umbilical cord. This causes an interruption of blood and oxygen to the piglet brain, increasing the risk of death. Although asphyxiation is the cause of the majority of stillbirths, piglets who are born alive can also suffer from <i>in-utero</i> asphyxiation. These piglets are considered to be of low vitality and are severely disadvantaged in regard to survival and growth. Different methods have been explored on ways to decrease farrowing duration, reduce stillbirths, and improve piglet survival, but the neonatal mortality rate is still rather high and is not decreasing. Therefore, new methods need to be investigated in the hopes of successfully decreasing the farrowing duration of sows.</p> <p>The first project aimed to shorten the farrowing duration and improve piglet survival in farrowing crates via the provision of nesting material and enriched piglet mats. There have been several studies on the effects of nesting material in farrowing crates, but most of those studies use materials that will fall through the slatted floors and block the liquid manure systems. The current study implemented the use of jute as the nesting material and proposed a novel way to present the material, by attaching it to the side of the crate, to prevent it from falling through the slatted floors and disrupting the manure systems. The enriched piglet mats were made from a microfiber material to promote homeothermy and reduce heat loss, thus potentially positively impacting piglet growth and survival. Twenty sows were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 treatments: 1) farrowing crate with jute nesting material (Nest; n = 10; 3 pieces of jute, each 40.6 cm x 21.6 cm) and two enriched piglet mats made from an acrylic board (28.0 x 86.4 cm) covered with a microfiber material, or 2) farrowing crate without nesting material (Control; n = 10) and 1 standard rubber mat (28.0 x 86.4 cm) for piglets. Sows had access to the jute material from approximately d 113 of gestation until they finished farrowing, while piglets had access to the mats for the first 3 d of age. Sow saliva was collected to measure Immunoglobulin A (IgA) and cortisol to assess stress on d -1, 0, 1, and 2, relative to farrowing, and a final sample at weaning (d 16.9 ± 0.18). Piglet plasma Immunoglobulin G (IgG) was collected from 4 piglets/litter at 48 h, 7 d, and weaning. Piglet skin temperature was measured from two piglets/litter using an infrared camera for 3 d after birth. Video was continuously coded for observations of jute-directed and crate-directed interactions. Nest sows performed less crate-directed behavior than Control sows (<i>P</i> = 0.02), while both groups performed the same amount of total nesting behavior (the sum of crate-directed plus jute-directed behavior) (<i>P</i> > 0.05). Cortisol tended to be less in Nest sows (<i>P</i> = 0.08), but there was no difference in IgA concentrations (<i>P</i> > 0.4). Nest piglets tended to be heavier on d 7 (<i>P</i> = 0.095), had greater IgG concentrations (<i>P</i> = 0.03), and greater skin temperatures (P = 0.02). There were no differences in farrowing duration or number of stillbirths (<i>P</i> > 0.7). </p> <p>The second study investigated the effects of a dietary supplement, 6.6% resistant starch (RS), on sow farrowing performance and piglet survival and vitality. Since RS has been shown to help stabilize blood glucose levels post-prandially, it was hypothesized that RS would decrease farrowing duration by improving the energy status of sows during farrowing. Forty-two sows were balanced for parity and randomly assigned to 1 of 2 treatments: standard lactation diet (n = 21) or diet containing RS (n = 21). Sow blood was analyzed for glucose concentrations at baseline, after 1 wk of being on their respective diets, and during farrowing. Blood glucose for RS sows increased between the beginning and end of farrowing while Control sow blood glucose decreased (P = 0.04). However, there were no other effects on sow blood glucose. Farrowing duration and number of stillbirths did not differ between treatments (P > 0.05). Piglet blood glucose concentrations for RS piglets tended to increase as the birth order increased, while blood glucose for the Control piglets tended to decrease. The other piglet vitality measures, assessed by blood lactate, pH, partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PCO₂), partial pressure of oxygen (PO₂), total carbon dioxide (TCO₂), bicarbonate (HCO₃), base excess (BE_ecf), and oxygen saturation (sO₂) did not differ between treatments (<i>P</i> > 0.05).</p> <p>In conclusion, farrowing duration was not successfully decreased by the provision of jute nesting material attached to the side of the farrowing crate or by supplementation of RS. However, the jute nesting material and enriched piglet mats did positively impact sow welfare and piglet measures to an extent, although this did not translate into improved piglet survival. The resistant starch supplementation seemed to impact sow glucose during farrowing, but not enough to impact farrowing performance or piglet survival or vitality. These results could be because the nesting treatment was not robust enough to allow sows to fully express their nesting behavior needs in order to impact farrowing performance, while the RS supplementation may have been too low of a dosage, not fed long enough, or a less effective type of RS. Novel ways to optimize sow farrowing performance and piglet survival are still needed.</p>

The purpose of this action research project was to develop and implement in a sixth grade class, a unit focusing on animals. It was the present researcher’s belief that by exposing children to the problems concerning animals this exposure would in turn develop more sympathetic attitudes toward animals. With this change of attitude and awareness, as well as the thoughtful production of possible solutions, there is hope for the animal, his kingdom, and our own survival and preservation.

In this dissertation I illustrate the existence of anthropocentric social and legal configurations that are maintained through the embodiment of a belief system in which animals occupy a space as sacrificial beings, and philosophically examine and call into question the way in which we relate to animals within these schemata of domination. These sacrificial structures or arrangements contain animals in an identity which marks them as Other and I subsequently call for a problematisation and destabilisation of these structures. I employ a critical approach that seeks to move beyond the traditional rights-based approach that has come to dominate animal liberation discourse. Such an approach emphasises the significance of deconstruction for animal ethics and highlights the way in which the animal is subjected to marginalisation within anthropocentric schemata of domination. From this perspective, I argue that we need a deconstruction and ensuing displacement of the human (subject) as phallogocentric structure and that we need to embrace a mode of being that facilitates the development of an ethical relation to the animal Other. To this end, I advance veganism as a form of deconstruction and ethical way of being that allows us to criticise and resist repression of the animal Other. I also contemplate animal subjugation as a relation to the law and examine the ideological underpinnings of animal welfare theory and animal rights theory, the two most prominent theories aimed at transforming the human-animal relation. I proceed to critically engage with the philosophical presuppositions of animal rights theory as a possible foundation for animal liberation by addressing, like others have done before me, the historical and theoretical gaps of rights theory. I argue that animal rights theory invokes dichotomies and rigid identities that replicate and perpetuate anthropocentric relations of subordination by (paradoxically) confirming a certain interpretation of the human subject that lies at the very core of animal subjugation. I ultimately argue that such an approach must be rejected if we are to hold open the possibility of recalibrating the animal's status as sacrificial being. / Dissertation (LLM)--University of Pretoria, 2012. / Jurisprudence / unrestricted