The term "primitive art" was used to denote the tribal "art" of those people in Africa, Americas, Asia, Australia and Oceania who were the objects of ethnological or anthro- pological study. As such, it corresponds to the area of so called art that has has often (and unsatisfactory) been called tribal, primitive, aboriginal, native, indigenous or traditional etc. This thesis provides general introduction to some anthropological perspectives on art, and offers variety of approaches to the uneasy concept of art as is defined in our culture. Three case studies show ethnoaesthetic topics (paleolithic rockart, african hairstyles and also tattooing of human bodies in traditional Polynesian cultures).

The subject of the thesis is a theoretical and empirical analysis of the human body, which is examined through the prism of eating disorders. Methodologically, the project rests upon the core methods of cultural anthropology. The purpose of the thesis is an application and testing of concepts apply concepts developed by the author of the thesis to research embodiment, specifically eating disorders perceived as culturally conditioned phenomena. The broader goal is thus to contribute to the development of the field of anthropology of body and contribute to the development of its theoretical and empirical foundations, while its specific aim is to apply the model of anthropology of body to the research of eating disorders. The thesis proceeds from the general interpretation to the specific research agenda It is divided into three interrelated sections. The first part presents a summary of concepts and approaches to embodiment in social sciences, accentuating a diachronic perspective. In the second section the concept of embodiment is outlined introducing three structural levels. Anthropology of body serves as a starting point for tackling the issue of eating disorders. The third part is an empirical section. The outputs of the research on the body image of people with eating disorders are presented,...

The diploma thesis deals with the everyday image of the wars in the 16th and early 17th Century. The medieval ideal of "miles christianus" still permeated the thinking of an early modern nobleman and influenced his life. There were several noblemen who devoted their lives to the war. On the other hand, the analysis of preserved correspondence portrayed a conflict between the ideal and reality. The result showed the lack of interest in the war campaigns. Historical-anthropological point of view allowed to look at the individuals and their behaviour methods, which should have helped them to avoid a campaign. A typology of individual letters was emphasized. It became the basis for determination of the strategies used by nobility. The main concern of this thesis was, by using the methodology of collective mentalities, to reconstruct the thinking of early modern noblemen, who were no longer able to behave according to the standards. It tries to create a collective biography, where several demands set the behavioral traits of noble absentee.

This work is focused on monitoring changes in selected somatic characteristics and motor performance of girls aged 7 and 10 years. The research was also focused on diet and lifestyle of the girls and their parents. The research was conducted at five different primary schools (Tábor, Soběslav, České Budějovice, Tvrdonice). Twenty six somatic dimensions, two functional tests and five motor tests for motor development were measured. There are also presented results of a questionnaire of children and their parents. Some body measurement was used for the calculation of body composition (the weight of the skeleton, the weight of the skin and subcutaneous tissue, the weight of the muscle mass and weight of the rest of the body) and the somatotype. The data were recorded in the pre-record sheets and then they were statistically evaluated and processed into tables and graphs. The obtained results were compared with the previous surveys.

This diploma thesis aims at describing work and unemployment not only from the point of view of social issues, which are often exclusively associated with work and unemployment, but I would also like to focus on this issue from an anthropological point of view. Human being is a bio-psycho-socio-spiritual being, and therefore, even when considering the unemployment of a human being, we must not forget his spiritual dimension, because it would be seriously damaged by the idea of human integrity. The first chapter deals with the view of the man from the point of view of theological anthropology and informs the reader, among other things, about the concept of two selected authors. The second chapter moves from the person to work, which is another crucial topic of the diploma thesis. It deals mainly with the positive value of human work and its development in history, as well as with the problematic aspects associated with the work. The third chapter deals with unemployment. It concerns the most common problems associated with the loss of employment and focuses, among other things, on the institutions that deal with unemployment. The fourth chapter introduces to the reader the view of the Church's social learning of unemployment. It introduces the importance of work in human life by giving an example of several social encyclicals and one pastoral constitucion. The fifth chapter deals with prevention in the field of work and employment, but again from a social and also an anthropological point of view.

The aim of this work is to find out the attitude of the students from the medical intermediate schools in České Budějovice and Ústí nad Labem about the dignity of man. The information is taken from the philosophical position of Dominik Pecka. Despite the rapid development of society, science and technology it is important to remember the value of man in common life. Human dignity as incommutable meaning has its impact, and maintaining that understanding is of benefit in helping professions such as social services and healthcare. The asset of this diploma work is to provide educators, primarily of the Intermediate Medical School, with a useful tool to help students understand and critic human ethics and develop an ethical empathy among student regarding man{\crq}s dignity. Using student respondents as the survey sample can help teachers understand contemporary students. The charted data can further serve for self-reflection of one's own behavior, persuasion and knowledge of matters in the ethical sphere.

The purpose of this work is to answer the basic question, if the economics can explore the animal behaviour. At first the determination of the subject of economics is needed. It means to point out, what should economics deal with. I will come to the point of the problem of purposeful action, the problem of rationality and exchange. Consequently I will explore, if it is possible to apply this theory to animal behaviour and if such an application has a sense. I will advert to the problems, what are made by the economists in their opinions of the animal behaviour and on argumentation why the animal behaviour is not a subject of economics.

Covering various aspects of the environmental approach, this diploma thesis mostly deals with the anthropological context of drought in the selected vineyards in Prague, the Czech Republic. This research embodies an ethnographic probe into the specific part of Czech viticulture. Based on the participatory observation methods and semi-structured interviews, the author describes the daily routine of winemaking on the Grébovka vineyard and the wider context of drought in several Prague vineyards. Research shows that winemakers who manage these vineyards experience different levels of drought and their responses to this phenomenon in the form of common agricultural adaptation mechanisms are influenced by factors arising mainly from the very nature of viticulture, the local conditions and specifics of these city vineyards and the involvement of all actors in the vineyard, that form a network in which they are interconnected and interact in a particular way. In this thesis the author also reflects these local dimensions and contexts of drought as one of the consequences of climate change in the broader context of (anthropology) of climate change. Based on her research, the author mainly discusses the issue of scientific forecasting, because this scientific vision of the future can differ significantly...

Representations and Imaginary of Intimity in the Medieval Literature Martin Šorm Abstract The thesis presents an analysis of a corpus of Old Czech literature, focusing on how intimacy was represented in the late Middle Ages (especially in the second half of the 15th century) and how the texts in question achieved intimate effects. The corpus is defined by the material preservation of the texts (the so-called Pinvička's ms., The National Museum Library, II F 8, from 1459-1463) and is extended with other units and individual texts enabling comparison (related manuscripts or close literary works, other language versions, chivalric epic, the genre of verse dispute, etc.). The thesis focuses on the techniques by which the texts sought to shape their audiences; it describes the ways in which the relationships between writing and reading, the intimate impact and the perceived connection of the individual with his or her surroundings, were articulated. Focusing on gender codes, it examines both the dominant - masculine - perspectives through which representations of the subject were determined, as well as the marginal models. It interprets the meaning and function of features typical of verse disputes in lyric heteroglossia, emphasizing the genre continuity and intertextuality that contributed to the impact of the...

This thesis uses the metric evaluation of 3D models created from CT images. The study is based on an examination of 51 males and 55 females CT scans from recent European population and also based on a metric data (10 linear measurements) of the same geographical provenance of the mid-20th century (n=113). The purpose of our research project is to determine the degree of sexual dimorphism in current population and compare the degree of sexual dimorphism in this geographic area in the middle of the last century. Intraobserver variabilities of linear measurements were less than 2%. Both groups were statistically tested. An index of sexual dimorphism (ISD) was used to assess the level of sexual dimorphism within each sample (Paris ISD = 8,28, Marseille ISD = 6,50). The two-sided t-test indicates that the degree of sexual dimorphism is not significantly different between population from the mid-20th century and recent population (p = 0,680). The secular trend was expressed by the z-score. The results showed that changes in the pelvic bone between the two groups are not significant, since neither one of the measurements does not exceed ±2 SD. Finally, we verified the reliability of method DSP ("Diagnose Sexuelle Probabiliste") for measurements deducted from CT-derived models. The results showed the...