Este trabalho versa sobre o pensamento geopolítico argentino entre 1910 e 1945. Neste país, a Geopolítica se desenvolveu dentro de uma estrutura plurinucleada marcada pelo dissenso quanto ao que se entendia ser os objetivos nacionais. Apresenta-se, aqui, um exercício comparativo das ideias do vice-almirante Segundo Rosa Storni (1876-1954) e do embaixador, filiado à União Cívica Radical, Horacio Carrillo (1887- 1955). A partir da leitura da literatura geopolítica desses autores representativos, se objetivou avaliar qual das concepções analisadas encontrou condições de desenvolvimento dentro do cenário em questão. A proposição que defendemos como tese é que, apesar de ser mais citado nos manuais como o principal geopolítico argentino, as ideias insulares de Storni foram superadas pelas ideias continentais de Carrillo. O projeto storniano de uma sociedade marítima não frutificou por conta da insuficiência econômica e territorial do país, dos objetivos continentais de sua política externa e da melhor aceitação das ideias continentais enquanto concepção de mundo. Com esses resultados, nós esperamos lançar luz sobre a gênese da geopolítica argentina, que é estudada amiúde em um estágio de evolução mais elevado, que é o segundo pós guerra. Usando o pensamento geopolítico brasileiro como base de comparação, nós apresentamos conclusões importantes para a compreensão do pensamento geopolítico brasileiro do mesmo período. Neste particular, verifica-se a correlação direta das ideias de Horacio Carrillo com a cosmovisão de Mário Travassos (1891-1973). Isso se dá pelo significado estratégico atribuído, pelos dois autores, à integração física e à visão comum das cidades estratégicas do interior do continente. / This work is about the Argentine geopolitical thought between 1910 and 1945. In this country, Geopolitics has been developed into a polynuclear structure characterized by the disagreement with respect to what was understood as national objectives. We present an exercise of comparison between the ideas from the vice-admiral Segundo Rosa Storni (1876-1954) and the ambassador, filliated to the Radical Civic Union, Horacio Carrillo (1887-1955). From readings of geopolitical works from both representative authors, we aim to evaluate which conception has found conditions of developing in that scenario. Our proposition is that, despite of being more cited in manuals such as the main Argentine geopolitical, the insular ideas of Storni were overcame by the Carrillos continental ideas. Stornis project of a marine society has not fruited due to the economic and territorial scarcity of the country, the continental goals of his foreign policy and the better acceptance of the continental ideas as conception of world. With this result, we expect to shed light on the genesis of the Argentine geopolitics, which is often studied in a more elevated stage, the second post-war. Using the Brazilian geopolitical thought as basis of comparison, we present important conclusions for the understanding of the Brazilian geopolitical thought the same time. In this respect, we verified that there is a direct correlation between the ideas from Horacio Carrillo and the cosmovision from Mário Travassos (1891-1973). This point of view can be explained by the fact that both authors gave strategic significance to physical integration and the common vision of strategic cities in the countryside.

Este trabalho versa sobre o pensamento geopolítico argentino entre 1910 e 1945. Neste país, a Geopolítica se desenvolveu dentro de uma estrutura plurinucleada marcada pelo dissenso quanto ao que se entendia ser os objetivos nacionais. Apresenta-se, aqui, um exercício comparativo das ideias do vice-almirante Segundo Rosa Storni (1876-1954) e do embaixador, filiado à União Cívica Radical, Horacio Carrillo (1887- 1955). A partir da leitura da literatura geopolítica desses autores representativos, se objetivou avaliar qual das concepções analisadas encontrou condições de desenvolvimento dentro do cenário em questão. A proposição que defendemos como tese é que, apesar de ser mais citado nos manuais como o principal geopolítico argentino, as ideias insulares de Storni foram superadas pelas ideias continentais de Carrillo. O projeto storniano de uma sociedade marítima não frutificou por conta da insuficiência econômica e territorial do país, dos objetivos continentais de sua política externa e da melhor aceitação das ideias continentais enquanto concepção de mundo. Com esses resultados, nós esperamos lançar luz sobre a gênese da geopolítica argentina, que é estudada amiúde em um estágio de evolução mais elevado, que é o segundo pós guerra. Usando o pensamento geopolítico brasileiro como base de comparação, nós apresentamos conclusões importantes para a compreensão do pensamento geopolítico brasileiro do mesmo período. Neste particular, verifica-se a correlação direta das ideias de Horacio Carrillo com a cosmovisão de Mário Travassos (1891-1973). Isso se dá pelo significado estratégico atribuído, pelos dois autores, à integração física e à visão comum das cidades estratégicas do interior do continente. / This work is about the Argentine geopolitical thought between 1910 and 1945. In this country, Geopolitics has been developed into a polynuclear structure characterized by the disagreement with respect to what was understood as national objectives. We present an exercise of comparison between the ideas from the vice-admiral Segundo Rosa Storni (1876-1954) and the ambassador, filliated to the Radical Civic Union, Horacio Carrillo (1887-1955). From readings of geopolitical works from both representative authors, we aim to evaluate which conception has found conditions of developing in that scenario. Our proposition is that, despite of being more cited in manuals such as the main Argentine geopolitical, the insular ideas of Storni were overcame by the Carrillos continental ideas. Stornis project of a marine society has not fruited due to the economic and territorial scarcity of the country, the continental goals of his foreign policy and the better acceptance of the continental ideas as conception of world. With this result, we expect to shed light on the genesis of the Argentine geopolitics, which is often studied in a more elevated stage, the second post-war. Using the Brazilian geopolitical thought as basis of comparison, we present important conclusions for the understanding of the Brazilian geopolitical thought the same time. In this respect, we verified that there is a direct correlation between the ideas from Horacio Carrillo and the cosmovision from Mário Travassos (1891-1973). This point of view can be explained by the fact that both authors gave strategic significance to physical integration and the common vision of strategic cities in the countryside.

Argentine literature at the close of the twentieth century is characterized by a marked interest in the themes of dictatorship, marginality, and exile. Given the shifting of public and private spaces in the country's recent history, a "sinister" space has appeared in the collective subconscious, where all that was negated, prohibited and repressed is now (re)surfacing with tremendous energy in a constant probing into the collective memory effectuated from still present traumas without closure. / The purpose of this dissertation is to analyse the "social tics" which flourish in various art forms, as well as in the underpinnings of Argentine society, and come from the fact that collective suffering has created a defined present which controls the past, and, inevitably, influences the future. In turn, certain themes thus emerge from subjective and fragmented spaces of enunciation where memory plays a crucial role. / In order to do this, I concentrate here on alternative cultural productions to the official propaganda produced during and after the period of dictatorship, paying special attention to women's narratives and testimonies or memoirs of repression. Finally, I undertake an analysis of certain selected cinematographic productions which, like the contemporary literature analysed here, also form part of the movement that demonstrates the need to question Argentine reality---present and past---by foregrounding collective and individual memory in opposition to the generalized trend of amnesia/anaesthesia to point up the very real danger inherent in such "historic amnesia." Taken together, these works reveal the existence of a past that must be recaptured and redeemed, but which, given the existence of the negated and silenced "sinister" space in contemporary reality, forms only a small part of Argentine history still under construction.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--State University of New York at Binghamton, Department of English, General Literature and Rhetoric, 2006. / Includes bibliographical references.

Orientador: Miriam Viviana Gárate / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-22T06:11:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Carpentieri_LiviaOliveiraBezerradaCosta_M.pdf: 2659344 bytes, checksum: a9f6481b9bcb771adf58c1039525afb9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Resumo: O filme Un Oso Rojo, do diretor Israel Adrián Caetano, utiliza em seu roteiro a fábula "Las medias de los flamencos", de Horacio Quiroga, texto que integra a coletânea infanto-juvenil Cuentos de la selva. O protagonista e o enredo do conto são relacionados na obra cinematográfica em várias cenas. Isso permite estabelecer uma comparação entre as relações sociais retratadas nas duas obras, de modo realista no filme, e de forma alegórica no conto. A proposta deste trabalho é analisar como as duas obras artísticas dialogam / Abstract: The film Un Oso Rojo, directed by Israel Adrián Caetano, mentions the fable "Las medias de los flamencos", written by Horacio Quiroga, which integrates the juvenil colection "Cuentos de los flamencos", in its script. The main character of the film and the story of the fable are connected in several scenes of the movie. This allows a comparison between the social relationships portrayed in the two works, realistically in the film and allegorically in the fable. The purpose of this paper is to analyze how the two art works dialogue / Mestrado / Literatura Geral e Comparada / Mestra em Teoria e História Literária

The doctoral thesis The Argentine Army as an Economic Factor focuses on civil-military relations that are key to understanding the history, the development of modern society, and even the reality of current Argentina. The main myth that characterizes Argentine history is that the interruption of the development of the democratic processes is due to military interventions. Both in Argentine society and in the international sphere, there is a purely negative opinion about the Argentine military, in particular related to the shock caused by the last military dictatorship. This sentiment still permeates the cultural and moral face of society. This paper offers another vision of the Argentine military and tries to contribute to overcome an overly simplified perception and the prejudice that derives from it. The first part of the paper examines the emergence of military power and the characteristics of the political system in the first half of the 20th century. This section points out the causes for which the Army overstepped its specific functions and entered into the political life of Argentina. The second part is devoted to the Argentine economic system and its characteristics, from its insertion in the global market and its development through the economic policies of various governments. This...

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Le présent mémoire propose d'étudier l'apport des déterminants de l'aide au développement à travers le comportement du Groupe de la Banque mondiale face à des récipiendaires en pleine crise économique. Nous proposons des critères de mesures originaux dans la mesure où l'analyse de cette étude se fait à contre-courant des travaux habituels. Il ne s'agit plus d'évaluer l'impact ou l'efficacité du Groupe, mais de faire ressortir les paramètres qui influencent ses directives et de vérifier si le Groupe s'adapte effectivement aux variations de ces paramètres. L'étude porte conjointement sur deux études de cas, l'Argentine et l'Uruguay, de 1990 à 2005. Nous offrons tout d'abord, une revue de la littérature en économie du développement avant d'analyser les choix de projets du Groupe avant, pendant et après les crises économiques de 1998 et de 2002. Par la suite, un bilan rétrospectif nous permet d'avoir une vue d'ensemble de la conjoncture des crises dans les deux pays et de l'investissement du Groupe en terme de programmes, de temps et de déboursés. Nous accordons particulièrement de l'importance au parallèle entre les deux cas étudiés afin de comprendre comment et pourquoi le Groupe se déploie plus dans un pays que dans un autre.

Thesis (MScAgric)--University of Stellenbosch, 2007. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Invasion by the notorious tramp species, the Argentine ant (Linepithema humile Mayr) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) has caused major concern around the globe, owing to its displacement of native ant species and other invertebrates where it invades. This species was first recorded in South Africa in 1901 in Stellenbosch, Western Cape Province (WCP), and has now become a significant pest in most urban and agricultural areas in the country. The Argentine ant has received relatively little attention in South Africa compared to other countries (e.g. California, North America). To date the extent of invasion by this species countrywide, as well as its impact on the local ant fauna inside protected areas, has not been quantified. In this study, the impact of the Argentine ant on native ant fauna inside three protected areas in the WCP (Helderberg Nature Reserve (HNR), Jonkershoek Nature Reserve (JNR) and Kogelberg Biosphere Reserve KBR)) was assessed. Species richness and diversity were compared between invaded and uninvaded bait stations at each protected area. Several native ant species were found to be displaced by the Argentine ant from all three protected areas, although three species: Meranoplus peringueyi, Monomorium sp. 8 and Tetramorium quadrispinosum, were found coexisting with it. Invaded bait stations had significantly lower ant species richness and species turnover than uninvaded bait stations. Uninvaded bait stations contained eight times more native ant species than invaded bait stations. Thus, the invasion of protected areas by the Argentine ant has severe negative consequences for the species richness and assemblage structure of native ants, leading to the biotic homogenization of these local ant communities. The distribution range of the Argentine ant inside the three protected areas (HNR, JNR, KBR), as well as microhabitat preferences that may facilitate the spread of this species inside these reserves, was also assessed. Helderberg Nature Reserve was the most invaded protected area, with the highest level of the Argentine ant occupancy, while JNR and KBR had lower occupancy levels. At all the three protected areas, this species was dominant at lower altitudinal areas, and also showed a clear preference for areas with high anthropogenic disturbances, i.e. around buildings and on lawns (picnic areas). In this study, there was no evidence that moisture availability facilitates the distribution and spread of the Argentine ant inside these reserves. Finally, a combination of published literature records, museum records and records collected in the current study was used to quantify the current distributional extent of the Argentine ant throughout urban South Africa. This is the first study quantifying the distribution and extent of invasion by the Argentine ant throughout the country. The Argentine ant was found in six of the nine South African Provinces, and its extent of occurrence includes approximately half of the country’s land surface area. Discontinuities in the distribution of the Argentine ant across the country revealed that range expansion of the Argentine ant in South Africa is occurring predominantly via human-mediated jump dispersal, rather than naturally via nest diffusion. This study clearly demonstrated that the Argentine ant is well established across South Africa as well as inside protected areas. The Argentine ant invasion was influenced by the presence of human modified landscapes (i.e. buildings) both at low and high altitude, and this was associated with higher rates of native ant species displacement at these areas. Therefore, limiting the development of recreational areas, such as buildings and picnic sites inside protected areas will result in the lower rate of spread of the Argentine ant. This will in turn lower the extent of displacement of native ant species. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Indringing deur die Argentynse mier (Linepithema humile Mayr) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) is ‘n bron van groot kommer regoor die wêreld, as gevolg van sy vermoë om inheemse mier spesies en ander ongewerweldes te verplaas. Hierdie spesie is vir die eerste keer aangeteken in Suid-Afrika in 1901, in Stellenbosch, Weskaap Provinsie (WCP), en het ‘n belangrike pes geword in die meeste stedelike en landelike gebiede in die land. Die Argentynse mier het betreklik min aandag gekry in Suid-Afrika, in vergelyking met ander lande (bv. California, Noord Amerika). Tans is die omvang van die landwye indringing van hierdie spesie, sowel as sy impak op die plaaslike mier fauna binne beskermde areas, nog nie bepaal nie. In hierdie studie word die impak van die Argentynse mier op die inheemse mier fauna binne drie beskermde areas in die WCP (Helderberg Natuurreservaat (HNR), Jonkershoek Natuurreservaat (JNR) en Kogelberg Biosfeerreservaat (KBR)) bepaal. Spesierykheid en diversiteit was vergelyk tussen ingedringde en oningedringde lokaas stasies in elke beskermde area. Verskeie inheemse mier spesies was deur die Argentynse mier verplaas in al drie beskermde areas, alhoewel drie spesies: Meranoplus peringueyi, Monomorium sp. 8 en Tetramorium quadrispinosum het saam met dit voorgekom. Ingedringde lokaas stasies het beduidend laer mier spesierykheid en spesies omset gehad as oningedringde lokaas stasies. Dus, die indringing van beskermde areas deur die Argentynse mier het ernstige negatiewe gevolge vir die spesierykheid en gemeenskap struktuur van inheemse miere, wat lei tot die biotiese verarming van hierdie plaaslike mier gemeenskappe. Die verspreidingsarea van die Argentynse mier binne die drie beskermde areas (HNR, JNR, KBR), en die mikrohabitat voorkeure wat die verspreiding van die spesie binne hierdie reservate kan vergemaklik, was ook vasgestel. Helderberg Natuurreservaat was die mees ingedringde beskermde area, met die hoogste vlak van Argentynse mier besetting, terwyl JNR en KBR laer besettingsvlakke gehad het. By al drie die beskermde areas was hierdie spesie dominant by laer hoogtes bo seevlak en het ‘n duidelike voorkeur getoon vir areas met hoë menslike versteuring d.i. rondom geboue en op grasperke (piekniek areas). In hierdie studie was daar geen bewyse dat vog beskikbaarheid die voorkoms en verspreiding van die Argentynse mier binne die reservate vergemaklik nie. Ten slotte, ‘n kombinasie van gepubliseerde literatuur verslae, museum dokumente en verslae wat in hierdie studie versamel is, was gebruik om die huidige verspreidingsomvang van die Argentynse mier te bepaal. Dit is die eerste studie wat die verspreiding en omvang van indringing in stedelike Suid Afrika van die Argentynse mier dwarsdeur die land bepaal. Die Argentynse mier is gevind in ses van die nege provinsies in Suid-Afrika, en die omvang van sy voorkoms sluit bykans die helfte van die land se landoppervlaksarea in. Onderbrekings in die verspreiding van die Argentynse mier deur die land het blootgelê dat die uitbreiding van die voorkomsgebied van die Argentynse mier in Suid-Afrika hoofsaaklik gebeur deur mens bemiddelde verspreiding eerder as natuurlike nesverspreiding. Hierdie studie het duidelik gedemonstreer dat die Argentynse mier goed gevestig is regoor Suid-Afrika sowel as in beskermde areas. Die Argentynse mier indringing was beïnvloed deur mensgewysigde landskappe (d.i. geboue) by lae en hoë hoogtes bo seevlak, en dit was verwant aan hoër vlakke van verplasing van inheemse mier species in hierdie areas. Dus, die beperking van ontwikkeling van rekreasie areas, soos geboue en piekniekareas, in beskermde gebiede sal lei tot laer vlakke van verspreiding van die Argentynse mier. Dit sal, op sy beurt, die omvang van verplasing van die inheemse mier spesies verminder.

This study examines the evolution of the modern necessity defenses in ICSID arbitration claims against Argentina arising from the 2001/2 economic crisis. To date, ICSID tribunals have been fractured in their approaches to Argentina’s necessity defenses. The high degree of inconsistency among the tribunals has provoked criticism and threatens to tarnish the legitimacy of the ICSID system, especially in Latin America. Recent developments indicate that a more coherent and legally sound alternative is emerging with a “two-step” approach that is moving away from reliance on customary international law and towards language in the bilateral investment treaty (BIT) between the Argentina and the United States. The BIT-based “two-step” approach is superior to the other two approaches available in terms of legal justifications and policy implications. Adherence to the “two-step” approach in future tribunals will allow for greater consistency, predictability, and stability for states and investors. Abstract: This study suggests that a weak press establishment was key among factors that enabled the excesses of the government’s response to domestic terrorism during Argentina’s most recent military dictatorship, the Proceso of 1976-1983, which resulted in gross human rights violations. The paper examines the role of the Buenos Aires Herald, which played an exceptional role in reporting violence during the Proceso and was the only major Argentine daily to take a confrontational editorial posture vis-à- vis the government. In researching this topic, the author used the archives of the Herald, primary source documents and press clips from the era, interviews with key figures in Argentine journalism, and a variety of academic sources on the issue. The paper considers political and historical factors as they shaped the Argentine media and set the stage for the events of the Proceso. / text