Thesis (M.Mus.)--University of Akron, School of Music-Music Theory, 2009. / "May, 2009." Title from electronic thesis title page (viewed 9/30/2009) Advisor, Daniel W. McCarthy; Committee members, Michele D. Mills, Nikola Resanovic, Brooks A. Toliver; Director of the School, William K. Guegold; Dean of the College, James Lynn; Dean of the Graduate School, George R. Newkome. Includes bibliographical references.

AFRIKAANSDie werke van Stefans Grové se Music from Africa-reeks word gereken as van die belangrikste in die Suid-Afrikaanse kunsmusiekrepertorium. Hoewel klavierwerke soos Nonyana, the Ceremonial Dancer en Liedere en Danse uit Afrika baie populêr is en gereeld uitgevoer word, is Images from Africa relatief onbekend. Die skrywer het ‘n bondige biografie van die komponis verskaf, sowel as ‘n hoofstuk oor die Music from Africa-reeks. In hierdie hoofstuk word die sogenaamde “Damaskus” – ervaring wat gelei het tot die Afrika-oeuvre, verduidelik. Die belangrikste komposisionele tegnieke (soos melodiese en ritmiese permutasie) word ook verduidelik en, waar van toepassing, van notevoorbeelde voorsien. Images from Africa bestaan uit ses stukke, naamlik Rain Valley, Night Music from Somewhere, Yemoja, Great Mother of the Waters, Innovation of the Water Spirits, Lamenting Birds en Dream Memories of an Old Dancer. Hierdie stukke is elkeen individueel bespreek met betrekking tot ritme, toonhoogte, melodie, vorm en tekstuur. Elke hoofstuk is van notevoorbeelde voorsien. ENGLISH The works in Stefans Grové's Music from Africa series are thought of as some of the most important in the South African art music repertoire. Although piano works such as Nonyana, the Ceremonial dancer and Songs and Dances from Africa are very popular and often performed, Images from africa is relatively unknown. The author supplied a short biography of the composer, as well as 'n summary of the Music from Africa series. In the latter chapter, the so-called "Damascus experience" that gave way to the Africa oeuvre, is explained. The most important compositional techniques (such as melodic and rhythmic permutation) are also explained, and supplied with music examples, where necessary. Images from Africa consists of six pieces, entitled Rain Valley, Night Music from Somewhere, Yemoja, Great Mother of the Waters, Invocation of the Water Spirits, Lamenting Birds and Dream Memories of an Old Dancer. These have been discussed individually with reference to rhythm, pitch, melody, form and texture, Each chapter has been supplied with music examples. / Dissertation (MMus (Performing Art))--University of Pretoria, 2008. / Music / unrestricted

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Det är inte ovanligt att viss rock- och annan populärmusik tillskrivs konstnärliga ambitioner, eller förses med epitet som "konstnärlig" och "konstmusikalisk". Sällan utvecklas emellertid på vilket sätt detta konstnärliga tar sig uttryck. Uppsatsens syfte är att musikanalytiskt undersöka vad som kan motivera formuleringarna och om de kan anses adekvata. Materialet för undersökningen är tre verk/låtar ur rockgenren, som beskrivits med ovanstående begrepp: Close to the Edge med gruppen Yes från 1972, Sense of Doubt med David Bowie från 1977 och Sleep med gruppen Godspeed You! Black Emperor från 2000. Metoden är den auditiva musikanalysen, vilket innebär att analysen utgår från ett aktivt lyssnande på musikens förlopp. Två fokus finns: ett på själva musiken; ett på de intentioner i och med verket/låten som kan föreligga. Analysen utgår från en definition av begreppen konst- och populärmusik som görs i början av uppsatsen. Denna grundar sig i sin tur på en genomgång av begreppsdefinitioner i framförallt lexikon och ordböcker, men också i musikvetenskaplig litteratur och den kan därmed göra anspråk på en viss allmängiltighet. Resultatet av analysen visar att samtliga musikexempel går utanför ramarna för definitionen av populärmusik, samtidigt som de uppvisar flera egenskaper som faller inom konstmusikdefinitionen. Beskrivningarna av låtarna som konstmusikaliska och konstnärliga kan alltså anses adekvata. Analysen och den föregående begreppsdiskussionen medvetandegör emellertid också den problematik som ryms i distinktionen konst- respektive populärmusik. Detta utvecklas i uppsatsens slutdiskussion, där begreppen relateras till ett idéhistoriskt sammanhang. Distinktionen visar sig ha rötter i 1800-talets kulturdebatt och under 1900-talet har den närts av en modernistisk kultur- och samhällssyn. De senaste decenniernas postmodernistiska strömningar, med ökad värderelativism och uppluckrade musikaliska genregränser, har dock bidragit till att begreppen i allt större utsträckning spelat ut sin roll. / It is not uncommon that certain rock and other popular music is attributed with artistic ambitions or is befitted with epithets such as "artistic" or "art music-like". However, it is rarely elaborated in which way these artistic qualities are conveyed. The purpose of this paper is to investigate from an analytical standpoint what can incentivize these wordings and if they can be viewed as adequate. The material for the investigation is three pieces/songs from the rock genre which have been described with the above terms: Close to the Edge by the group Yes from 1972, Sense of Doubt by David Bowie from 1977 and Sleep by the group Godspeed You! Black Emperor from 2000. The method is auditive music analysis which means that the analysis is based upon actively listening to the music. There are two areas of focus: one is on the music itself; one is on the intentions that may lie in and with the piece/song. The analysis is based upon a definition of the terms art music and popular music that is made at the beginning of the paper. This, in turn, is based upon a rundown of term definitions made in, above all, lexicons and dictionaries, but also in musicology, and thus it can claim a certain generality. The result of the analysis shows that all music examples move outside the boundaries of the definition of popular music and, at the same time, show qualities that fall inside the boundaries of the definition of art music. Thus, the descriptions of the songs as "art music-like" and "artistic" can be viewed as adequate. However, the analysis and the preceding term discussion raise awareness about the problems that are contained in the distinction between art music and popular music, respectively. This is elaborated in the concluding discussion in which the terms are interrelated to a contexture involving the history of ideas. The distinction is shown to have its roots in the cultural debate of the 19th century, and during the 20th century it has been nurtured by a modernist view of culture and society. The post-modernistic trends of the last few decades, characterized by increased value relativism and loosened musical genre boundaries, have contributed to making the terms obsolete.

Este trabalho foi dividido em duas partes, por se tratar de uma pesquisa em que assuntos se complementam sem abrir mão de sua importância individual. Estes assuntos são a figura da pianista Beatriz Balzi e a música erudita latino-americana para piano. Seus caminhos se cruzam em 1984, ano em que Beatriz Balzi iniciou uma série de gravações deste repertório, registrando peças compostas entre 1898 e 1997 em uma coleção de CDs intitulada Compositores Latino-americanos. Uma vasta gama de técnicas, estilos e procedimentos composicionais foram exemplificados por Beatriz Balzi nas 54 peças de sua série de CDs. Oriundas de 13 países, tais composições testemunham a formação do patrimônio cultural deste continente, no período em que o mesmo lutava para ser reconhecido por suas características próprias. Esta conclusão emerge da análise realizada sobre as partituras utilizadas pela pianista em suas gravações, unida ao estudo dos encartes que acompanham os CDs, à audição dos mesmos e às entrevistas com compositores gravados. Um panorama histórico resumido da música erudita do século XX foi formulado para contextualizar este repertório. Por sua vez, a biografia de Beatriz Balzi e a dissertação sobre sua trajetória na confecção da série Compositores Latino-americanos, material inédito e peculiar na década em que foi criado, levantam a seguinte questão: por que teria a pianista se empenhado em tal tarefa, em vez de abraçar um repertório mais acessível a si mesma e ao público? A resposta que ecoa é a militância pela valorização da música destes autores e deles próprios, além da luta pela aproximação dos povos deste continente através do conhecimento mútuo. Embora este tipo de pesquisa tenha atraído a atenção de músicos e estudiosos do século XXI, a música erudita latino-americana foi sempre relegada ao segundo plano no universo da música de concerto ocidental. A série de Beatriz Balzi e o presente trabalho contribuem para preencher esta lacuna. / This paper was divided into two parts, as it deals with research where topics complement each other, without giving up their individual importance. These topics are the figure of the pianist Beatriz Balzi and the Latin American piano art music. Their paths crossed in 1984, the year when Beatriz Balzi started a series of recordings of this repertoire, registering pieces composed from 1898 to 1997 in a CD collection under the title of Latin American Composers. A wide range of techniques, styles and compositional procedures were exemplified by Beatriz Balzi in the 54 pieces of her CD series. Originated from 13 countries, such compositions testify the formation of this continent\'s cultural heritage, in the period when it struggled to be recognized for its own characteristics. This conclusion emerges from the analysis carried out on the scores used by the above-mentioned pianist in her recordings, together with the study of the inserts attached to the CDs, the listening to them, and the interviews with recorded composers. A summarized historical panorama of the XX Century\'s classical music was formulated in order to contextualize this repertoire. On its turn, Beatriz Balzi\'s biography and the dissertation on her trajectory in the completion of the Latin American Composers series, unpublished material which was distinctive in the decade in which it was created, give rise to the following question: why would the pianist devote herself to such a task, instead of embracing a repertoire which would be more accessible to herself and to the audience? The answer that echoes is the militancy for the valuing of these authors\' music as well as their own valuing, in addition to bringing together the peoples of this continent by means of mutual knowledge. Although this type of research has attracted the attention of the XXI Century musicians and scholars, the Latin American art music has always been relegated to a less important place in the universe of the Western concert music. Beatriz Balzi\'s series and the present paper contribute to fill this gap.

For decades now, musicians have been using crossover to expand their career and earn more knowledge about the music industry. Soprano Sarah Brightman and duo 2 Cellos are classically trained musicians who implemented crossover into their career and used their classical training as guidance of become successful. Musicians who restrict themselves only to classical music may approach danger regarding a career and livelihood, which includes audience interest, employability and financial instability. In this study the term “crossover” refers to classical artists’ who use their skills to perform other genres. Crossover gives artists the chance to appeal to larger audiences and extend their repertoire of music while using techniques used in classical works. Classical musicians such as Sarah Brightman and 2 Cellos are being forced to cross musical genres because of employability, declining audience interest in classical music and financial instability. Within this research I am going to compare and analyze the crossover of one classical vocalist, Sarah Brightman, and a classical instrumentalist group named 2 Cellos. My research will focus on the following three questions: Research Question #1 What are the critical factors for successful crossover for classical musicians to pop? Research Question #2 What crossover processes did Sarah Brightman and 2 Cello’s employ to transition from classical to pop music? Research Question #3 Was Sarah Brightman’s and 2 Cellos crossover to pop music successful according to the definition and parameters of success? This paper ends with a conclusion highlighting my findings, which summarizes the major points of this research and provide ideas for further research on the concept of crossover. / Includes bibliography. / Thesis (M.S.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2017. / FAU Electronic Theses and Dissertations Collection

Este trabalho foi dividido em duas partes, por se tratar de uma pesquisa em que assuntos se complementam sem abrir mão de sua importância individual. Estes assuntos são a figura da pianista Beatriz Balzi e a música erudita latino-americana para piano. Seus caminhos se cruzam em 1984, ano em que Beatriz Balzi iniciou uma série de gravações deste repertório, registrando peças compostas entre 1898 e 1997 em uma coleção de CDs intitulada Compositores Latino-americanos. Uma vasta gama de técnicas, estilos e procedimentos composicionais foram exemplificados por Beatriz Balzi nas 54 peças de sua série de CDs. Oriundas de 13 países, tais composições testemunham a formação do patrimônio cultural deste continente, no período em que o mesmo lutava para ser reconhecido por suas características próprias. Esta conclusão emerge da análise realizada sobre as partituras utilizadas pela pianista em suas gravações, unida ao estudo dos encartes que acompanham os CDs, à audição dos mesmos e às entrevistas com compositores gravados. Um panorama histórico resumido da música erudita do século XX foi formulado para contextualizar este repertório. Por sua vez, a biografia de Beatriz Balzi e a dissertação sobre sua trajetória na confecção da série Compositores Latino-americanos, material inédito e peculiar na década em que foi criado, levantam a seguinte questão: por que teria a pianista se empenhado em tal tarefa, em vez de abraçar um repertório mais acessível a si mesma e ao público? A resposta que ecoa é a militância pela valorização da música destes autores e deles próprios, além da luta pela aproximação dos povos deste continente através do conhecimento mútuo. Embora este tipo de pesquisa tenha atraído a atenção de músicos e estudiosos do século XXI, a música erudita latino-americana foi sempre relegada ao segundo plano no universo da música de concerto ocidental. A série de Beatriz Balzi e o presente trabalho contribuem para preencher esta lacuna. / This paper was divided into two parts, as it deals with research where topics complement each other, without giving up their individual importance. These topics are the figure of the pianist Beatriz Balzi and the Latin American piano art music. Their paths crossed in 1984, the year when Beatriz Balzi started a series of recordings of this repertoire, registering pieces composed from 1898 to 1997 in a CD collection under the title of Latin American Composers. A wide range of techniques, styles and compositional procedures were exemplified by Beatriz Balzi in the 54 pieces of her CD series. Originated from 13 countries, such compositions testify the formation of this continent\'s cultural heritage, in the period when it struggled to be recognized for its own characteristics. This conclusion emerges from the analysis carried out on the scores used by the above-mentioned pianist in her recordings, together with the study of the inserts attached to the CDs, the listening to them, and the interviews with recorded composers. A summarized historical panorama of the XX Century\'s classical music was formulated in order to contextualize this repertoire. On its turn, Beatriz Balzi\'s biography and the dissertation on her trajectory in the completion of the Latin American Composers series, unpublished material which was distinctive in the decade in which it was created, give rise to the following question: why would the pianist devote herself to such a task, instead of embracing a repertoire which would be more accessible to herself and to the audience? The answer that echoes is the militancy for the valuing of these authors\' music as well as their own valuing, in addition to bringing together the peoples of this continent by means of mutual knowledge. Although this type of research has attracted the attention of the XXI Century musicians and scholars, the Latin American art music has always been relegated to a less important place in the universe of the Western concert music. Beatriz Balzi\'s series and the present paper contribute to fill this gap.

<p>The concept of entrepreneurship in research and society has been firmly rooted in the realm of economics and business. This narrow focus excludes a large number of entrepreneurial acts that occur outside of economic contexts. The discipline of high art music performance is rich with innovative acts that challenge the boundaries of conventional practices. However, these acts largely go unnoticed because of the strength of the bond between entrepreneurship and economics. In this research paper, a literature review will be used to examine how entrepreneurship can best be conceptualized in the discipline of high art music performance. It is argued here that a project-based view of entrepreneurship (Lindgren & Packendorff 2003) provides a valuable conceptualization to understand entrepreneurship in high art music performance. This conceptualization is then applied to three case studies of Canadian high art music performers. The case study uses the musicians' narrative accounts to provide illustrations of the project-based nature of entrepreneurship in music performance. It is hoped that the findings from this investigation provides further support for a project-based view of entrepreneurship and a starting ground to develop more effective tools to support and develop entrepreneurship in music through education and policy development.</p>

"Christian piano art music" is a small genre, each piece of which belongs seemingly to either Christian music or art music, but by definition to both of them. In spite of its merits this genre has been ignored both by the concert hall because of its religiosity and by the church because of its artistry. However, since God is the One who has infinite creativity and is pleased with our various musical praises, both congregational praise and artistic musical praise has to be dedicated to Him. In chapters 2-5, after the history of music--Christian music, art music, and Christian art music--is examined from a biblical perspective of human history (Creation-the Fall-Redemption-Consummation), the significance of Christian art music is discussed, especially in light of God's common grace and special grace. After discussing the merits of instrumental praise, in chapters 6-9, the selected repertoire of Christian piano art music is introduced, being categorized into four groups--works using hymn or chorale tunes, works related to the Bible, works expressing Christian faith symbolically, and abstract piano works dedicated to God. Finally, the calling as "Christian culture makers" is discussed.