This diploma thesis deals with the use of some methods of cluster analysis on the ECG signal in order to sort QRS complexes according to their morphology to normal and abnormal. It is used agglomerative hierarchical clustering and non-hierarchical method K – Means for which an application in Mathworks MATLAB programming equipment was developed. The first part deals with the theory of the ECG signal and cluster analysis, and then the second is the design, implementation and evaluation of the results of the usage of developed software on the ECG signal for the automatic division of QRS complexes into clusters.

Atrial fibrillation is one of the most common cardiac rhythm disorders characterized by ever-increasing prevalence and incidence in the Czech Republic and abroad. The incidence of atrial fibrillation is reported at 2-4 % of the population, but due to the often asymptomatic course, the real prevalence is even higher. The aim of this work is to design an algorithm for automatic detection of atrial fibrillation in the ECG record. In the practical part of this work, an algorithm for the detection of atrial fibrillation is proposed. For the detection itself, the k-nearest neighbor method, the support vector method and the multilayer neural network were used to classify ECG signals using features indicating the variability of RR intervals and the presence of the P wave in the ECG recordings. The best detection was achieved by a model using a multilayer neural network classification with two hidden layers. Results of success indicators: Sensitivity 91.23 %, Specificity 99.20 %, PPV 91.23 %, F-measure 91.23 % and Accuracy 98.53 %.

Heart rate changes mediate the embryotoxic effect of antiarrhythmic drugs in the chick embryo A significant increase in cardiovascular medication use during pregnancy has occurred in recent years but only limited evidence on its safety profile is available. We hypothesized that drug-induced bradycardia is the leading mechanism of developmental toxicity. We tested metoprolol, carvedilol, or ivabradine for embryotoxicity and their acute effect on chick embryonic model. We used video microscopy and ultrasound biomicroscopy. Significant dose-dependent mortality was achieved in embryos injected with carvedilol and ivabradine. In ED4 embryos, metoprolol, carvedilol and ivabradine reduced the heart rate by 33%, 27%, and 55%, respectively, compared to controls (6%). In ED8 embryos this effect was more pronounced with a heart rate reduction by 71%, 54%, 53%, respectively (controls 36%). Cardiac output decreased in all tested groups but only proved significant in the metoprolol group in ED8 embryos. The number of -adrenergic receptors showed a downward tendency during embryonic development but a negative chronotropic effect of tested drugs was increasingly pronounced with embryonic maturity. This effect was associated with reduced cardiac output in chick embryos, probably leading to premature death....

Heart rate changes mediate the embryotoxic effect of antiarrhythmic drugs in the chick embryo A significant increase in cardiovascular medication use during pregnancy has occurred in recent years but only limited evidence on its safety profile is available. We hypothesized that drug-induced bradycardia is the leading mechanism of developmental toxicity. We tested metoprolol, carvedilol, or ivabradine for embryotoxicity and their acute effect on chick embryonic model. We used video microscopy and ultrasound biomicroscopy. Significant dose-dependent mortality was achieved in embryos injected with carvedilol and ivabradine. In ED4 embryos, metoprolol, carvedilol and ivabradine reduced the heart rate by 33%, 27%, and 55%, respectively, compared to controls (6%). In ED8 embryos this effect was more pronounced with a heart rate reduction by 71%, 54%, 53%, respectively (controls 36%). Cardiac output decreased in all tested groups but only proved significant in the metoprolol group in ED8 embryos. The number of -adrenergic receptors showed a downward tendency during embryonic development but a negative chronotropic effect of tested drugs was increasingly pronounced with embryonic maturity. This effect was associated with reduced cardiac output in chick embryos, probably leading to premature death....

Author's name: Bc. Irena Malá School: Charles university, Prague 1st Faculty of Medicine Institut of Theory and Practice of Nursing Vídeňská 800, 140 59 Prague 4 - Krč Program: Health Care Administration Title: Early postoperative care of the patient with the left ventricular assist device HeartMate II Diploma thesis supervisor: PhDr. Hocková Jana, PhD. Number of pages: 170 Number of attachments: 41 Year: 2013 Key words: early postoperative care, hypotermia, blood transfusion, fluid resuscitation, perioperative cardiovascular dysfunction, pharmacologic support, ventricular assist device HeartMateII, monitoration, device, cardiac arrhythmias, ventilation management, postoperative anticoagulation, glycemic kontrol, renal insufficiency, nutrition, nursing, complications, physiotherapy, psychological aspects The occurrence of the heart failure is similar to an epidemic with high mortality. This fact, together with stagnate or even decreasing number of suitable donors, led to a need of replacing the heart pump activity with an artificial one. Mechanical cardiac support systems are sophisticated devices that are able to support a certain period of time or completely replace the function of the heart as a pump. The indications implantation of mechanical cardiac support is significant symptomatic heart...