A study of the ascorbic acid metabolism of a group of fifty college women in the North Texas State Teachers College between the months of April and July, 1943.

by Lui Ka Man. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2003. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 143-166). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Acknowledgements --- p.i / List of Abbreviations --- p.ii / Abstract --- p.iv / 摘要 --- p.viii / List of Tables --- p.xi / List of Figures --- p.xii / Contents --- p.xvii / Chapter CHAPTER 1 --- INTRODUCTION / Chapter 1.1 --- Sulfur-Containing Amino Acids --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- Metabolism of Sulfur-Containing Amino Acids --- p.3 / Chapter 1.2.1 --- The Metabolic Pathways --- p.3 / Chapter 1.2.2 --- Metabolic Regulation of Homocysteine --- p.7 / Chapter 1.3 --- Sulfur-Containing Amino acids and Health --- p.10 / Chapter 1.3.1 --- Sulfur-Containing Amino Acids and Renal Diseases --- p.11 / Chapter 1.3.2 --- Sulfur-Containing Amino Acids and the Nervous System --- p.13 / Chapter 1.3.3 --- Sulfur-Containing Amino Acids and Heart Diseases --- p.16 / Chapter 1.3.4 --- Sulfur-Containing Amino Acids and Liver Diseases --- p.20 / Chapter 1.4 --- Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid) --- p.21 / Chapter 1.4.1 --- Biosynthesis 、 --- p.23 / Chapter 1.4.2 --- Vitamin C Transport System --- p.24 / Chapter 1.4.2.1 --- Uptake of Ascorbic Acid --- p.25 / Chapter 1.4.2.2 --- Uptake of Dehydroascorbic Acid --- p.26 / Chapter 1.5 --- Vitamin C and Health --- p.28 / Chapter 1.5.1 --- Vitamin C and Heart Diseases --- p.28 / Chapter 1.5.2 --- Vitamin C and Renal Diseases --- p.29 / Chapter 1.5.3 --- Vitamin C and Brain Diseases --- p.30 / Chapter 1.5.4 --- Vitamin C and Liver Diseases --- p.31 / Chapter 1.6 --- The Aims of Project --- p.33 / Chapter CHAPTER 2 --- MATERIALS AND METHODS / Chapter 2.1 --- Materials --- p.35 / Chapter 2.2 --- Preparation of Materials --- p.37 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- Mobile Phase for Ascorbic Acid Analysis --- p.37 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- Mobile Phase for Amino Acid Analysis --- p.37 / Chapter 2.2.3 --- Reagents for RNA Extraction and Reverse Transcription- Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) --- p.38 / Chapter 2.2.4 --- Sense and Antisense Primers --- p.38 / Chapter 2.2.5 --- Reagents for Electrophoresis --- p.40 / Chapter 2.3 --- Animals --- p.40 / Chapter 2.4 --- Experimental Studies --- p.41 / Chapter 2.5 --- Methods --- p.41 / Chapter 2.5.1 --- Ascorbic Acid Analysis --- p.41 / Chapter 2.5.1.1 --- Extraction of Ascorbic Acid --- p.41 / Chapter 2.5.1.2 --- Chromatography --- p.42 / Chapter 2.5.2 --- Amino Acid Analysis --- p.45 / Chapter 2.5.2.1 --- Sample Preparation --- p.45 / Chapter 2.5.2.2 --- Chromatography --- p.45 / Chapter 2.5.3 --- Determination of RNA Expression by RT-PCR Analysis --- p.50 / Chapter 2.5.3.1 --- RNA Isolation --- p.50 / Chapter 2.5.3.2 --- Measurement of RNA Yield --- p.51 / Chapter 2.5.3.3 --- Reverse Transcription --- p.51 / Chapter 2.5.3.4 --- Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) --- p.52 / Chapter 2.5.3.5 --- Separation of PCR Products by Agarose Gel Electrophoresis --- p.52 / Chapter 2.5.3.6 --- Quantification of Band Density --- p.53 / Chapter 2.6 --- Statistical Analysis --- p.53 / Chapter CHAPTER 3 --- RESULTS / Chapter 3.1 --- Effects of Sulfur-Containing Amino Acids and Leucine on Ascorbic Acid Distributions in Mice --- p.54 / Chapter 3.1.1 --- Effects of Sulfur-Containing Amino Acids and Leucine on Ascorbic Acid Concentrations in the Plasma --- p.55 / Chapter 3.1.2 --- Effects of Sulfur-Containing Amino Acids and Leucine on Ascorbic Acid Concentrations in the Kidney --- p.57 / Chapter 3.1.3 --- Effects of Sulfur-Containing Amino Acids and Leucine on Ascorbic Acid Concentrations in the Liver --- p.59 / Chapter 3.1.4 --- Effects of Sulfur-Containing Amino Acids and Leucine on Ascorbic Acid Concentrations in the Brain --- p.61 / Chapter 3.1.5 --- Effects of Sulfur-Containing Amino Acids and Leucine on Ascorbic Acid Concentrations in the Heart --- p.63 / Chapter 3.1.6 --- Summary --- p.65 / Chapter 3.2 --- Time-Response --- p.66 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- Effects of Sulfur-Containing Amino Acids and Leucine Administration for Various Periods on Ascorbic Acid Concentrations in the Plasma --- p.67 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- Effects of Sulfur-Containing Amino Acids and Leucine Administration for Various Periods on Ascorbic Acid Concentrations in the Kidney --- p.69 / Chapter 3.2.3 --- Effects of Sulfur-Containing Amino Acids and Leucine Administration for Various Periods on Ascorbic Acid Concentrations in the Liver --- p.71 / Chapter 3.2.4 --- Effects of Sulfur-Containing Amino Acids and Leucine Administration for Various Periods on Ascorbic Acid Concentrations in the Brain --- p.73 / Chapter 3.2.5 --- Effects of Sulfur-Containing Amino Acids and Leucine Administration for Various Periods on Ascorbic Acid / Chapter 3.2.6 --- Summary --- p.77 / Chapter 3.3 --- Effects of Sulfur-Containing Amino Acids and Leucine on SVCT and GLUT3 Gene Expressions --- p.78 / Chapter 3.3.1 --- Effects of Sulfur-Containing Amino Acids and Leucine Administration on SVCT mRNA Expression in the Kidney --- p.79 / Chapter 3.3.2 --- Effects of Sulfur-Containing Amino Acids and Leucine Administration on SVCT mRNA Expression in the Liver --- p.89 / Chapter 3.3.3 --- Effects of Sulfur-Containing Amino Acids and Leucine Administration on SVCT and GLUT3 mRNA Expression in the Brain --- p.98 / Chapter 3.3.4 --- Effects of Sulfur-Containing Amino Acids and Leucine Administration on SVCT mRNA Expression in the Heart --- p.109 / Chapter 3.3.5 --- Summary --- p.115 / Chapter 3.4 --- Sulfur-Containing Amino Acids Concentrations in the Plasma --- p.117 / Chapter 3.4.1 --- Effects of Administration of Sulfur-Containing Amino Acids and Leucine on Methionine Concentrations in the Plasma --- p.117 / Chapter 3.4.2 --- Effects of Administration of Sulfur-Containing Amino Acids and Leucine on Cystine Concentrations in the Plasma --- p.119 / Chapter 3.4.3 --- Effects of Administration of Sulfur-Containing Amino Acids and Leucine on Taurine Concentrations in the Plasma --- p.119 / Chapter 3.4.4 --- Effects of Administration of Sulfur-Containing Amino Acids and Leucine on Leucine Concentrations in the Plasma --- p.122 / Chapter 3.4.5 --- Summary --- p.124 / Chapter CHAPTER 4 --- DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS / Chapter 4.1 --- Effects of Sulfur-Containing Amino Acids and Leucine on Ascorbic Acid Concentrations in Mice --- p.126 / Chapter 4.2 --- Effects of Sulfur-Containing Amino Acids and Leucine on SVCT and GLUT3 Gene Expressions --- p.131 / Chapter 4.3 --- Sulfur-Containing Amino Acids Concentrations in the Plasma --- p.136 / Chapter 4.4 --- Conclusions --- p.140 / REFERENCES --- p.143