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Ungdomar är mer utsatta för misshandel och olaga hot än vuxna samtidigt som brott mot unga anmäls mer sällan. Därför är det viktigt att studera hur ungdomars tendenser att polisanmäla brott kan ökas. Forskning visar att positiva erfarenheter av, samt vissa kunskaper om polisiärt arbete är relaterat till positiva attityder gentemot polisen. Syftet med studien var att undersöka om ökade kunskaper genom ett informationstillfälle med polisen påverkar ungdomars attityder. Experimentgruppen hade efter att de fått information positivare attityder till polisen än innan, samt positivare än kontrollgruppen som inte fått någon information. Flickorna utvecklade positivare attityder till polisen än pojkarna. Främsta anledningen att polisanmäla var uppfattningen av brottets allvar. Resultatet generaliseras med försiktighet med tanke på deltagarnas homogena sociala och etniska bakgrund. Framtida forskning behövs kring huruvida attityder relaterar till ökade anmälningstendenser. Även fördjupade studier kring könsskillnader behövs för att se vad dessa skillnader beror på.

My essay deals with a problem in our society which, in my opinion, has been neglected. Even today in 2011, the quality of schools and preschools is extremely varied. This has been a problem for a long time and not nearly enough attention has been paid to it. In my essay I have tried to understand what it is that causes these differences in quality between preschools. With help from literature and research studies I have examined what quality in preschool really means. My starting point is an account of my own experience at the preschool where I currently work and a description of a study visit I made to another preschool which operates in a very different way to the one where I work. I wanted to investigate what the consequences are for children who grow up attending preschools of different quality. Do they have the same opportunities? My conclusion is that the problem is both more extensive and more complicated than I had first thought. It is high time that this problem received the attention it deserves and that radical changes are made in order to ensure that all children are provided with a learning environment of an equally high standard.

Self-compassion has recently been introduced to Western psychology literature and is defined as a kind, understanding, and nonjudgmental toward oneself (Neff, 2003a). While self-compassion has been conceptualized as a construct that is important to ones overall sense of self, it might also be relevant to more specific self-attitudes, including ones attitude toward the body. Body-related attitudes have received much attention from sport and exercise psychology researchers in kinesiology and it was anticipated that body self-compassion would be relevant to women who exercise, as women often exercise for body-related reasons. The purpose of this study was to explore the meaning of body self-compassion for young adult women who exercise and have experienced a change in their attitude toward their body over time; and to discover the essential structure of the womens experiences. <p>Five women between the ages of 23 and 28 years participated in this study. The women identified themselves as Caucasian and middle-class, were university students, and indicated that they exercised at least four times a week. Each woman participated in an individual interview in which she was asked to describe two instances where she experienced body self-compassion. The womens interviews were analyzed using an empirical phenomenology method (Giorgi, 1985; Giorgi & Giorgi, 2003) to identify the components of the womens stories that were essential to their experience of body self-compassion. A follow-up focus group discussion provided the women with the opportunity to offer feedback on the essential structures. Four essential structures emerged from these interviews: appreciating ones unique body, taking ownership of ones body, engaging in less social comparison, and body self-compassion as a dynamic process. A facilitating structure, the importance of others, also emerged. The findings of this study are generally consistent with Neffs (2003a) conceptualization of self-compassion as they reflect Neffs overall description of self-compassion without merely replicating the three components of self-compassion: self-kindness, common humanity, and mindfulness. <p>The findings of this study provide support for the exploration of more specific domains of self-compassion, such as the body. This study also makes a significant contribution to the body image literature, which has been criticized for being pathology-oriented and for focusing mainly on appearance-related attitudes (Blood, 2005; Grogan, 2006). This study explored a positive body attitude and highlighted the womens attitudes toward their physical capabilities in addition to their appearance. Further research is needed to develop the body self-compassion construct by exploring the generalizability of the essential structures that emerged in this study to broader populations.

I vården av suicidala patienter ställs sjuksköterskan inför många utmaningar samtidigt som den suicidala patienten är i behov av ett omsorgsfullt bemötande som skapar trygghet och känslor av acceptans. De attityder som sjuksköterskan har mot patienterna är därför av stor betydelse. Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka vilka attityder till suicidala patienter som förekommer hos sjuksköterskor samt att utforska om det finns faktorer som har betydelse för sjuksköterskans attityder. Metoden var en litteraturstudie där resultatet från tolv vetenskapliga studier har analyserats och sammanställts i olika teman. Resultatet visar att sjuksköterskor utifrån kognition, affekt och beteende, uppvisade både positiva och negativa attityder mot suicidala patienter. Faktorer som till exempel sjuksköterskornas utbildning, kunskap, förståelse och upplevelse av svårigheter och otillräcklighet visade sig ha betydelse för sjuksköterskans attityd. Slutsats: Sjuksköterskan uppvisar attityder mot suicidala patienter som är både positiva och negativa. Negativa attityder som ilska och avståndstagande försvårar vården för patienten medan positiva attityder som empati och stöd skapar en trygg situation för patienten. Betydelsen av sjuksköterskans utbildning kan inte förbises utan är viktig för att få förståelse för patienten och att kunna hantera de svårigheter som uppstår i vården / In the care of suicidal patients the nurse is confronted by many challenges. At the same time the suicidal patient is in need of a caring attitude that creates safety and feelings of acceptance. Therefore the nurse´s attitudes towards the patients are of great importance. The aim of this study was to explore which attitudes nurses hold against suicidal patients and also to explore whether there are factors that are important for nurses´ attitudes. The method was a literature study where the results from twelve scientific articles was analyzed and compiled in different themes. The results showed that nurses, both cognitively, affectively and behavioral, held positive and negative attitudes towards suicidal patients. Factors such as education, knowledge, understanding, and nurses´ experiences of difficulties and shortcomings were found to have an impact on nurses´ attitude. Conclusion: The nurses hold both positive and negative attitudes towards suicidal patients. Negative attitudes such as anger and rejection complicate the nursing care while positive attitudes like empathy and support create a safe environment for the patient. The importance of the nurse´s education cannot be overlooked as it is important for gaining understanding and handling the difficulties that emerge in the care of the suicidal patient.

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Syftet: Avsikten med denna studie var att belysa distriktssköterskans/sjuksköterskansattityd till nutrition i omvårdnad av äldre över 65 år med hemtjänst.Metod: Utifrån ostrukturerade fokusgruppsintervjuer fick sjuksköterskor i enkommun i Mellansverige diskutera nutrition som ett omvårdnadsproblem utifrån ettpatientfall. Intervjuerna analyserades med kvalitativ innehållsanalys.Resultat: Analysen resulterade i fyra teman, medvetenhet om personens behov,ansvar för den andre, kunskap om att möta behoven samt relationsetik.Sjuksköterskorna förmedlade en positiv syn på att arbeta med nutrition och de hadeen stor förståelse för vilka konsekvenser ett för dåligt energiintag har på den äldresvälbefinnande. De upplevde att de har ett stort ansvar och tillräckligt med kunskapför att möta nutritionsproblemen i omvårdnaden. De anser att alla äldre har ett egetval så hänsyn måste visas och respekt måste tas för deras vilja när det gäller nutrition,vården kring den enskilde måste vara den bästa tänkbara.Slutsats: Studien visar att sjuksköterskorna tar ett stort ansvar i nutritionsfrågorna.Allt från att tillgodose individens enskilda behov till att lära ut och stötta övrigpersonal i vården. Sjuksköterskorna upplever att de har den rätta kunskapen för attkunna hantera nutritionsproblem i vården. Kunskapen har ökat de senaste åren.Denna kunskap anser författarna ligger till grund för sjuksköterskans positiva syn tillnutrition i omvårdnaden. / Aim: The aim of this study was to illuminate the nurse’s attitudes to nutrition whencaring elderly people over 65 years of age in their homes.Method: With unstructured interviews in focus groups the nurses discussed nutritionas a care problem from a patient’s situation. The interviews were analysed withcontent analysis.Result: The analyse resulted in four subjects, awareness of the persons needs,responsibility for the other, knowledge of meeting needs and relations ethics. Thenurses had a positive attitude to work with nutrition tasks and they had a greatunderstanding for the consequences of a low energy intake and how it will influencethe wellness of the elderly. They experienced that they had a big responsibility andenough knowledge to meet the nutrition problems in the care of the elderly. Theyconsidered that the elderly had their own choice, consideration and respect must beenshown for their own wish when it comes to nutrition. The care always must be of thehighest quality for the single person.Conclusion: The study showed that the nurses had a great responsibility in nutritionquestions. That means everything from providing the individuals needs to educateand support the staff in the care. The nurses experienced they had the adequateknowledge to handle the nutrition problems in the care. The knowledge aboutnutrition among the nursing staff tends to increase in the past years. This knowledgethe authors consider be the basis of positive attitude to nutrition among the nursesinterviewed.

Alarming S.T.I’s percentages and low condom use motivated this research. Healthcare professional’s risk-behavior and attitudes towards risk-behavior were reviewed. Three hypotheses, aimed to test whether healthcare professionals working with S.T.I’s should have a different attitude, knowledge and behavior to condom use compared to healthcare professionals that did not work with S.T.I’s. Ninety-five participants working at a hospital in middle-Sweden answered a questionnaire, based on the Swedish UNGKAB09 research. Mann-Whitney analyses showed no significant difference between the two groups on knowledge, attitude and behavior. A high percentage of steady relationships, high homogeneity between groups as well the same attitudes and intentions could have been a reliability problem. The collected data was however interesting as a base for further research

This study aims to explore the relationship among school brand, parents¡¦ educational attitude and school choice of junior high schools in Kaohsiung City. The study was conducted by means of questionnaire survey with self-edited ¡§Questionnaire on School Brand, Parents¡¦ Educational Attitude and School Choice.¡¨ 413 junior high schools¡¦ parents were randomly sampled in Kaohsiung City. The collected data was analyzed by statistical methods, including t-test, One-Way ANOVA, Pearson Product-Method Correlation and Multiple Regression. Based on the analyzed results, the followings were concluded: 1.The junior high schools¡¦ parents in Kaohsiung City could hold the positive attitudes toward school brand, parents¡¦ educational attitude and school choice. 2.The attitudes of the parents with different background have no difference on school brand. 3.The attitudes of the parents with different background have no difference on parents¡¦ educational attitude. 4.The attitudes of the parents with different background have no difference on s school choice. 5.School brand and parents¡¦ educational attitude have moderate related; school brand and school choice has moderate related.

The purpose of this dissertation study was to investigate a specific computer-assisted instructional software, Study Hall 101, in fifth-grade science. The study was conducted on an urban, elementary school campus in a northeastern school district in Texas. A mixed-methods approach was utilized in an attempt to understand two teachers’ perceptions about its use in fifth-grade science and evaluate its impact on fifth-grade students’ attitudes toward science. The first inquiry employed a qualitative research design in an attempt to understand teachers’ perceptions towards the use of Study Hall 101. Data collection methods used in this study included interviews, focus groups, and electronic-mail (e-mail) responses to open-ended sentence stems. Four favorable themes emerged from teachers’ responses: (1) students' attitudes toward science, (2) students’ participation in science class discussions, (3) content individualization, and (4) students’ engagement. Teachers’ frustrations also emerged into themes: (1) time constraints, (2) technology glitches, and (3) specific design elements. The second inquiry employed a quantitative research design in an attempt to investigate the impact of Study Hall 101 on seventy fifth-grade students’ attitudes toward science after an eight-week period. The Modified Attitudes Toward Science Inventory (mATSI) was used for data collection and was administered to students on two occasions, before and after treatment. Results indicated no statistically significant change in fifth-grade students’ overall attitudes toward science as a result of its use; however, two statistically significant findings did occur when data were analyzed across attribute variables of gender, ethnicity, and economic status, as well as specific domains within the mATSI. First, the use of Study Hall 101 was associated with males’ and females’ attitudes in opposite ways in regard to one domain of the mATSI: self-concept toward science. Second, students in the control group experienced a decline in another attitude domain of the mATSI: desire to do science. The results of this study contribute to the field of K-12 education as we search for effective educational tools to reach diverse student populations. This study concludes that teachers’ perceptions of this software are favorable and that its use in fifth-grade science should be considered as a tool to engage students in their own learning process.