<p>The subject of this paper is the congestion tax in Stockholm, Sweden. The study has been conducted with the purpose to examine of how public attitudes towards congestion charging looks and the reason behind the attitude. And also to examine if there are any differences in attitudes between those living inside and outside the payment zones, between men and women and between car owners and those who do not own a car or have a driver's license. The study used a questionnaire sent out electronically to a group of friends of friends and of friends’ family members. The respondents think it´s very important to present a better option if price incitements are to be used; in this case the better option is public transportation. Revenues should be spent so that large amounts go to the public transportation. There were no attitude differences between residents living inside the payment zones and those living outside the payment zones and between men and women. There is an attitude difference between those who own a car and those who do not own a car or have a driver's license. Those who own a car are more negative to the congestion charge than those who do not own a car or have a driver's license. This is believed to diminish if information is given to the public on how the revenue is spent and if congestion charge is introduced in several of the larger cities in Sweden.</p>

The subject of this paper is the congestion tax in Stockholm, Sweden. The study has been conducted with the purpose to examine of how public attitudes towards congestion charging looks and the reason behind the attitude. And also to examine if there are any differences in attitudes between those living inside and outside the payment zones, between men and women and between car owners and those who do not own a car or have a driver's license. The study used a questionnaire sent out electronically to a group of friends of friends and of friends’ family members. The respondents think it´s very important to present a better option if price incitements are to be used; in this case the better option is public transportation. Revenues should be spent so that large amounts go to the public transportation. There were no attitude differences between residents living inside the payment zones and those living outside the payment zones and between men and women. There is an attitude difference between those who own a car and those who do not own a car or have a driver's license. Those who own a car are more negative to the congestion charge than those who do not own a car or have a driver's license. This is believed to diminish if information is given to the public on how the revenue is spent and if congestion charge is introduced in several of the larger cities in Sweden.

<p>Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka vikten av ett genetiskt föräldraskap hos par som genomgick infertilitetsbehandling i Sverige med donerade ägg eller spermier, samt att jämföra attityder till genetiskt föräldraskap mellan kvinnor och män samt personer med eller utan möjlighet till genetiskt föräldraskap. Denna delstudie ingår i ett större projekt som heter Långtidsuppföljning av IVF, ägg- och spermiedonation i Sverige. Den grupp som har undersökts i föreliggande studie är par som genomgått behandling med donerade ägg eller spermier under 2005-2006. Antalet recipienter i denna studie var 277 personer. Information har samlats in i form av enkäter. Resultatet visade tydligt att nästan alla deltagare instämmer i att föräldrar är de som lever med och tar hand om ett barn oavsett genetiskt släktskap. Resultatet visade inga signifikanta skillnader i attityder till genetiskt föräldraskap oavsett om deltagarna hade möjlighet till genetiskt föräldraskap eller inte.</p> / <p>The aim with this study was to find out how important it is with genetic parenthood for couples undergoing infertility treatment in Sweden with donated eggs or sperms, and to compare attitudes to genetic parenthood between women and men and between persons with or without possibility to genetic parenthood. The present study is included in a larger project called Long-term follow-up of IVF, oocyte - and sperm donation in Sweden. The group that has been examined in the present study are couples who underwent infertility treatment with donated eggs or sperms during 2005-2006. A total of 277 persons participated in the study. Information has been gathered with questionnaires. The results clearly showed that almost all participants agree that parents are those who live with and take care of a child independent of genetic relationship. The result did not show any significant differences in attitudes to genetic parenthood irrespective of whether the participants had possibility to genetic parenthood or not.</p>

Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka vikten av ett genetiskt föräldraskap hos par som genomgick infertilitetsbehandling i Sverige med donerade ägg eller spermier, samt att jämföra attityder till genetiskt föräldraskap mellan kvinnor och män samt personer med eller utan möjlighet till genetiskt föräldraskap. Denna delstudie ingår i ett större projekt som heter Långtidsuppföljning av IVF, ägg- och spermiedonation i Sverige. Den grupp som har undersökts i föreliggande studie är par som genomgått behandling med donerade ägg eller spermier under 2005-2006. Antalet recipienter i denna studie var 277 personer. Information har samlats in i form av enkäter. Resultatet visade tydligt att nästan alla deltagare instämmer i att föräldrar är de som lever med och tar hand om ett barn oavsett genetiskt släktskap. Resultatet visade inga signifikanta skillnader i attityder till genetiskt föräldraskap oavsett om deltagarna hade möjlighet till genetiskt föräldraskap eller inte. / The aim with this study was to find out how important it is with genetic parenthood for couples undergoing infertility treatment in Sweden with donated eggs or sperms, and to compare attitudes to genetic parenthood between women and men and between persons with or without possibility to genetic parenthood. The present study is included in a larger project called Long-term follow-up of IVF, oocyte - and sperm donation in Sweden. The group that has been examined in the present study are couples who underwent infertility treatment with donated eggs or sperms during 2005-2006. A total of 277 persons participated in the study. Information has been gathered with questionnaires. The results clearly showed that almost all participants agree that parents are those who live with and take care of a child independent of genetic relationship. The result did not show any significant differences in attitudes to genetic parenthood irrespective of whether the participants had possibility to genetic parenthood or not.