La leishmaniose à Leishmania infantum est une zoonose transmise de mammifère à mammifère par la piqûre d'un insecte vecteur, le phlébotome femelle. S'il est classiquement décrit la leishmaniose viscérale avec la triade classique fièvre, pâleur et splénomégalie, de nombreuses formes cliniques peuvent être associées à ce parasite. Le portage asymptomatique est la forme la plus fréquente et la plus répandue dans l'Ancien Monde ou le Nouveau Monde. Entre la leishmaniose viscérale et le portage asymptomatique, plusieurs formes cliniques sont présentes. Ainsi certains sujets vont exprimer la leishmaniose sous forme d'adénopathies isolées. Ces formes sont intermédiaires entre une expression pauci symptomatique et une leishmaniose viscérale larvée. Alors que L. infantum n'est pas classiquement retrouvé dans des formes muqueuses, des cas ont été récemment décrits. Ces formes muqueuses isolées ne sont pas rares puisque sur les 3 CHU Marseille, Montpellier et Nice, entre 1997 et 2009, 10 cas de leishmaniose muqueuse à L. infantum ont été diagnostiquées principalement chez des sujets immunodéprimés. Il est important de faire le diagnostic de ces formes cliniques particulières puisqu'elles ont pour diagnostic différentiel des néoplasies (lymphome pour la première et néoplasie de la sphère ORL pour la seconde). Afin d'appréhender le rôle du parasite dans l'expression clinique, il a été réalisé le typage par les microsatellites de neuf souches isolées de sujets porteurs asymptomatiques. Il s'avère que ces neuf souches sont très peu polymorphes et que sept d'entre elles possèdent un génotype unique. / Leishmaniasis due to Leishmania infantum is a zoonotic disease transmitted from mammal to mammal through the bite of an insect vector the sandfly female. Beside the classical triad of visceral leishmaniasis symptoms: fever, pallor and splenomegaly, many clinical forms could be associated with this parasite infection. Asymptomatic carriage of L. infantum is the most common and the most widespread in the Old World and New World. Many other clinical forms are present and some subjects will develop only isolated lymphadenopathy. These forms are intermediate between pauci symptomatic and visceral leishmaniasis forms. Whereas L. infantum is not typically associated with mucosal forms, several cases have been described. Indeed, in the 3 academic hospitals of Marseille, Montpellier and Nice from 1997 to 2009, 10 cases were revealed mainly in immunocompromised patients. To understand the role of parasite in clinical expression, nine strains isolated from asymptomatic carriers were genotyped using microsatellite. The nine strains have few polymorphisms and seven of them are identical with a unique genotype. In addition, those strains are very different from strains of HIV-positive subjects. If the strains genetic appears to have a role in the clinical expression of the disease, the environment in which individuals live in endemic areas is associated with an excess of risk to develop visceral leishmaniasis. While in Marseille, cases of visceral leishmaniasis occur in an urban environment, they take place in Nice in a rural environment, as it is classically described. To investigate differences between parasite strains form Nice and Marseille studies with microsatellites are ongoing.

The modern globalized world is developing rapidly thanks to communication technologies. This trend brought about the need for new and atypical jobs and flexible forms of work. National legislations are responsible for allowing such flexibility. These new forms of work as well as atypical jobs make it possible to better reconcile personal and working life and lead to increased labour productivity, which is in the interest of both employees and employers. This is closely related to the concept of flexicurity, which represents the effort to strike balance between the flexibility of labour law relations and the protective function of labour law. This balance is the legislator's goal. However, said goal is challenging to achieve, given the opposite interests of employees and employers. This thesis is divided into four main chapters and subsequent subchapters. The introduction is focused on a general introduction to the topic and objectives of this proposal. The first chapter summarizes the concept of flexicurity and European and Czech efforts to achieve it. Then it proceeds to the description of its implementation in Denmark with advantages and disadvantages of the possible use of this model in the Czech Republic. The second chapter focuses on the definition of the key terms: atypical form of...

Thesis Title: Liability in Labour Law This diploma thesis deals with the issue of liability in labour law. The aim of the thesis is to evaluate the legal regulation of liability in selected areas in the light of current legal regulation as valid in Czech Republic. The thesis is divided into two key parts. The introduction chapters are devoted to the interpretation of generally used terms regarding the legal liability in labour law and also its specifications. This part of the thesis focuses also at the system of prevention, including responsibilities of employers and employees during its execution, and at basic functions of labour law with focal point on the protection function that pervades the whole system of labour law. The conclusion of this first half deals with the summary of current legal regulation of employer's and employee's liability in Czech labour law. The detailed analysis of selected topics, in the view of labour law, is presented in the second part of the thesis. These include remote work, home office and job sharing. In case of remote work and home office we speak about flexible forms of work performance. Despite the popularity and rich use of these abovementioned forms, they are almost omitted by the legislator. Legal regulation is to be found only in one single paragraph of...

Šimon Ravlyk, Homeworking, Dissertation thesis, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Law, Department of Labor Law and Social Security Law, Prague, 2018. Number of pages 101. The topic of this dissertation thesis is a debated issue called "homeoffice and homeworking", which originates from "atypical and flexible forms of work/employment", which are not captured in our labour code as a relevant section that describes legal foundation for setting up standards for employees, nor the employer. The Selected topic comes out of current needs of labour market, ergo needs from the companies, employers and employees. These needs are rising from changes and implementations of new terms and conditions for working out of employers work place, it also originates from demands of young population for more flexible and "free" working time. It comes hand in hand with industry revolution called Industry 4.0. The thesis is brainstorming about changing the established terms of atypical forms of work, if they even still are "atypical" or did they become a new standard for employment relations. Dissertation thesis describes to date atypical forms of employment and mutually compares them together. It is also focusing on comparing labour law in our labour code and the labour code of Slovak republic. Next the thesis is...

Harmonization of the professional and personal lives of employees Abstract The content of this thesis is the harmonization of professional and family life from a legal perspective. Especially with regard to the family life of the individual. This is a topic that both women and men related to. This is a current issue, as it resonates with the whole society and influences its development and growth. Appropriate balance of these two areas can lead to a happier life of the individual, higher work performance and an increase in birth rates. The aim was to comprehensively and structurally compile the area of harmonization of professional and personal life, to point out possible problems or discrepancies in legislation in this area. This is done by describing the legal regulation of individual institutes and by providing proposals de lege ferenda. I proceeded from the basic hypothesis that this is an area where gender inequality is still visible and that the process of development in this area is still not complete. The work is divided into five chapters. The first chapter deals with the basic legal regulations governing the harmonization of personal and professional life from an international and national perspective. The second chapter is devoted to the basic institutes of this area, their definition, their pros...