This is a study of the relationships between the local authority and 18 other public authorities providing services in the London Borough of Camden. It is based on qualitative data collected by interviewing 70 individuals who were either senior managers or members of the authorities studied. The fieldwork was carried out between 1985 and 1987. The study identifies the lack of a well-defined body of literature or theory of horizontal inter-govern- mental relations at the local level. The research design draws upon previous studies in the fields of operational research, local government studies, policy studies, political theory, organisational studies and inter-governmental relations. The study demonstrates that the provision of public services in Camden was highly functionally fragmented. There were high levels of interdependence among the authorities studied explained by the socioeconomic environment of the area and the distribution of powers within the local government system. Interdependence was complex and multi-dimensional. The extent of linkages among public authorities was not great. Ad hoc and informal linkages played an important role. The patchiness of linkages could be explained by organisational and political factors. The local authority did not play a central co-ordinating role in the network. Authorities pursued a hierarchy of overlapping goals. Inter-authority activity was sustained by a process of mutual goal fulfilment. Relationships between public authorities were seen to be highly desirable but very difficult to undertake. The public authority network was widely regarded as ineffective in tackling complex public service issues. A number of wider conclusions are drawn from the study. These include the utility of the concepts of a public authority network and the process of mutual goal fulfilment. The need for revision of theories of the interdependence of public authorities and the nature of the network linking local authorities and other public authorities is demonstrated. The study also raises questions about the validity of policy makers' assumptions about the way local and other public authorities behave and casts doubt on the ability of some local authorities to perform an enabling role.

No description available.

Hoy en día las consecuencias tóxicas del uso de algunos medicamentos generan especial preocupación entre los pacientes, los médicos prescriptores, los dispensadores y las autoridades reguladoras, pues las reacciones adversas de los medicamentos son una causa importante no solo de consulta médica sino también de ingreso hospitalario, y, en ocasiones, de la muerte del paciente. Además, en los últimos años se han retirado del mercado numerosos medicamentos que fueron detectados durante su comercialización. El propósito de este proyecto de tesis es desarrollar e implementar un sistema de información para la gestión de reacciones adversas de medicamentos. A partir de dicho objetivo se realizaron las actividades que corresponden al ciclo de desarrollo del software según rup, tomando como base los requerimientos de la organización siendo estos asociados a sus objetivos estratégicos y a cumplir la ley ante los entes reguladores del estado peruano. De este modo, se concluyó que teniendo un sistema integrado entre las empresas farmacéuticas y el estado se reducirá las incidencias de reacciones adversas de los medicamentos en la población peruana. / Today the toxic consequences of the use of some medications generate special concern among patients, prescribing doctors, dispensers and regulatory authorities, as adverse drug reactions are an important cause not only of medical consultation but also of hospital admission , and, sometimes, of the death of the patient. In addition, in recent years numerous medications that were detected during marketing have been recalled. The purpose of this thesis project is to develop and implement an information system for the management of adverse drug reactions. Based on this objective, the activities that correspond to the software development cycle according to rup were carried out, based on the requirements of the organization being these associated with its strategic objectives and to comply with the law before the regulatory entities of the Peruvian state. Thus, it was concluded that having an integrated system between pharmaceutical companies and the state will reduce the incidence of adverse drug reactions in the Peruvian population. / Tesis

The study was designed to achieve three goals: the first was to discuss the contents of acts relating to the legal powers of local education authorities in the United States. Second goal was to explore the background, contents, and the effects of the takeover acts. Finally, to compare the takeover strategies adopted by four school districts. In order to achieve the above aims, the researcher adopted Bereday¡¦s comparative studies as the major research method. Firstly, to describe and explain the development of takeover practices happened in Paterson School District, Floyd County School District, Chicago Public Schools and Boston Public Schools. Secondly, the researcher proposed four tentative conclusions: 1.After takeover was practiced, the school district¡¦s student¡¦s grade, graduating rate and dropout rate have been improved. 2.Takeover is a top-down strategy for change. 3.The focus of change in each school district was almost the same, which might be deemed as the effect of main trend of educational development in the United States. 4.Because the atmosphere changes, mayoral takeover is getting popular. To support the four hypotheses above, the researcher concluded the following five findings: 1.The contents of educational reform act are highly related to the idea of accountability. 2.The idea of takeover is the product of changing time. 3.There is a thoughtful process of takeover strategies. 4.Takeover is a comprehensive scale of reform at the level of school districts. 5.After being took over, the district¡¦s student¡¦s grade and graduating rate have been on the rise. Finally, suggestions were proposed to the education authorities, schools and for future research.

This thesis explores the reorganisation of schools and education authorities in Scotland. National implementation of Devolved School Management (DSM) began in 1994. Two years later, Local Government Reorganisation (Reorganisation) occurred. Each policy signified a reorganisation of the education system. The thesis argues the need to consider the combination of DSM and Reorganisation in policy and practice, particularly for the roles and relationships of schools and education authorities. Therefore, the initiation, interpretation and implementation of DSM and Reorganisation over time and across 25 schools and 11 education authorities are researched. There is no previous research on this specific area of inquiry. Hence, the thesis is exploratory. The thesis develops debate about research and analyses of education policy. Influenced by and seeking to develop policy sociology, the method is qualitative. DSM and Reorganisation are interpreted within their historical, political, cultural, social, economic and institutional contexts. The need to explore issues of and linkages between structure and agency is debated. Consideration of discourse is developed to explore the nature of policies, perceptions of persons involved, the linkages to previous developments and the discursively articulated influence of structure and agency. It is suggested three central discourses characterise Scottish education policy. 'Scottishness' posits the distinctive, collective and egalitarian nature of Scottish education. The post-war 'Partnership' advocates a 'national system, locally administered' promoting 'equality of opportunity'. Both discourses have been challenged since the 1970s by an economic discourse of 'Efficiency' valuing market forces and managerialism. The thesis explores the developing and dynamic discourses and the perceptions and practices of policies at school and education authority levels. The perception and promotion of a 'Scottish dimension' within a British state and arguably global reorganisation of education indicates the complex inter-relationships between structure and agency, as articulated in discourses and affecting developing policies such as DSM and Reorganisation.

No description available.

Thesis (M. P. A.)--Texas State University-San Marcos, 2006. / "Spring 2006." Includes bibliographical references (leaves 46-49).

This thesis concerns the impact of purchase of service contracts on voluntary sector providers of social care. Voluntary agencies in Britain have traditionally received annual grant-aid from local authority social services departments in acknowledgement of the many different care and support services they have provided to the community. However, following the reorganisation of the personal social services in the early 1990s (National Health Service and Community Care Act 1990), this funding mechanism shifted increasingly towards a tighter, contractual, relationship in which expectations about service levels, monitoring arrangements, quality and costs were made explicit and formally agreed. This changes the way in which voluntary sector providers have to work, their relationship with statutory sector agencies and their interface with the wider community. Whilst interest in social care contracting is growing, policy analysts have done little to qualitatively study the contracting process from the voluntary sector perspective. This study aims to bridge this gap. It offers a close examination of twenty-three voluntary sector agencies in four local authorities in England. It sheds light on the impact of replacing grant-aid with contractual income, contributes to the understanding of how voluntary sector providers of social care services experience the contracting process and explores how the local authority-voluntary sector interface is developing. Understanding the voluntary sector perspective on social care contracting can assist statutory sector purchasers to develop systems that best meet both sectors' needs. Prominent amongst the findings are the following: (1) despite the introduction of a 'quasi-market' in social care there was little evidence of a competitive market for contracts between voluntary sector providers; (2) local authorities were inclined to offer service agreements to recognised and trusted voluntary sector providers; (3) the language and legal status of social care contracting is regarded as ambiguous by voluntary managers - different local authorities have adopted distinct language and definitions; (4) the notion that voluntary providers are the preferred providers of local authorities was questioned by a number of statutory sector respondents - there was evidence that statutory sector purchasers were willing to make use of the for profit sector for service provision; (5) whilst some voluntary providers had been able to negotiate successful contracts with purchasers many commented on the conflictual nature of this process; (6) the monitoring of contracts is very mixed and there were concerns over the robustness of local authorities in collecting relevant data.

No description available.

No description available.