Thesis (D.P.H.)--University of Michigan, 1996.

Thesis (M.A.)--University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2007. / Title from PDF title page (viewed Sept. 21, 2009). Includes bibliographical references (p. 30-34).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1995. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 233-242).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Yale University, 1993. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 205-210).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Boston University, 1993. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 453-499).

Text in Afrikaans / Die aard en omvang van motorvoertuigdiefstal in Suid-Afrika, het die ondersoeker aangespoor om 'n studie van die verskynsel soos dit in die Pretoria-Sentraal polisiestasiegebied voorkom, te loods. Data wat uit die dokumentere studie van gebeure ingesamel is, is rekenkundig gekwantifiseer en het besondere misdaadpatrone wat betrekking het op motordiefstal aan die lig gebring. Dit het tot die formulering van 'n multidissiplinere misdaadvoorkomingsbestuursmodel bygedra. Vanwee die erns van die verskynsel en die ekonomiese implikasies wat dit meebring, moet daar op 'n voortdurende grondslag navorsing uitgevoer word ten einde metodes te verskaf om die omvang van motorvoertuigdiefstal te verminder. Die owerheid moet 'n belangrike rol speel in die oplossing van die probleem. / The nature and extent of motorvehicle theft in South Africa encouraged the researcher to pilot a study into the phenomenon as it manifests itself at the Pretoria-Central police station area. Data gathered, in a documentary study of events, has been arithmetically quantified and reveal particular crime patterns relating to motorcar theft. This contributed to the formulation of a multidisciplinary crime prevention management model. Due to the seriousness of the phenomenon and the economic implications it causes, in depth research needs to be undertaken on a continuous basis to establish means to reduce the extent of motorvehicle theft. The authorities should play an important role in resolving the problem. / Criminology and Security Science / M.A. (Kriminologie)

Driver fatigue is a complex phenomenon that has a range of causal factors including sleeprelated and task-related factors. These manifest as different safety and performance outcomes. Extensive research has been applied to linking these factors to performance impairment. However, little research focuses on the mechanisms by which this link exists. This research project therefore focuses on the processes underlying how driving performance is controlled and maintained during the development on non-sleep-related driver fatigue. The main aim was to establish whether progressive impairment of driving control over a prolonged drive could be attributed to a depletion of attentional resources, as proposed by Resource Theory, or to a withdrawal of effort, as proposed by Effort-Regulation Theory. As a multicomponent skill, driving requires perception, cognition and motor output. The secondary aim of this research was therefore to assess whether a prolonged drive impairs stage-specific information processing. Participants (n=24) in three experimental groups performed a 90-minute simulated drive wherein they were expected to keep the bonnet of a car on a lane (tracking task). The three groups differed in terms of lane width: small, medium and large, corresponding to low, medium, and high task-demand, respectively. To assess the impacts of this task on stagespecific information processing, participants performed a set of resource specific tests before and after the prolonged drive. Each task had two difficulty variations to ensure that performance decrement was due not only to the task-characteristic, but specifically to resource depletion. The tests probing information processing were: a modified Fitts' tapping task for motor programming, a digit recall task for perception, and an object recognition reading task for cognition. Performance was measured as lateral deviation of the car. Physiological measures included heart rate frequency (HR) and various time- and frequencydomain heart rate variability (HRV) parameters, eye blink frequency and duration. The Borg CR-10 scale was used to evaluate subjective effort and fatigue during the task. Driving control declined over time and was supplemented by HR, HRV, blink frequency and duration, indicating an increase in parasympathetic activity (or a reduction in arousal). An increase in blink frequency was considered as a sign of withdrawal of attentional resources over time. Driving control declined to a greater extent in the large road width group and reflected a lower parasympathetic activity, whereas the inverse was observed for the small road width group. Resource tests reveal a non-specific impairment of information processing following the prolonged drive. However, this was accompanied by an increase in parasympathetic activity. Overall, results indicate that Effort-Regulation Theory better accounts for the impairment of driving control in prolonged driving than does Resource Theory. This suggests that the impact of fatigue is guided more by task goals and intrinsic motivation than by the manner in which the fatigue state developed. Moreover, performance impairment by effort-regulation is dependant more on time on task than on task-demand

M.Com. (Business Management) / Please refer to full text to view abstract

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Columbia University, 1996. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 472-498).

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