This study investigates the lithological characteristics, and lateral and vertical facies trends of poorly understood, deep-marine matrix-rich sedimentary rocks. Two laterally extensive, well-exposed outcrops of slope and proximal basin floor deposits were investigated from the Neoproterozoic Windermere Supergroup. Significantly, matrix-rich beds have been found to undergo the same lateral trends (over ~200-650 m) in both outcrops. Initially, thicker, clayey sandstone transitions laterally to a bipartite bed with the development of an upper, planar-based, more matrix-rich unit. Further laterally, the basal unit progressively thins until it pinches out, and all that remains is the upper, more matrix-rich unit – a sandy claystone. It too thins and then pinches out. Draping the entire transect is a thin, matrix-poor structured unit overlain by a mudstone or claystone cap. These trends are interpreted to reflect a progressive but rapid lateral evolution of flow structure controlled primarily by particle settling, namely sand, from mud-rich avulsion-related flows.

Pelvic floor dysfunction in the form of pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is a common gynaecological condition, especially in the elderly. Although the aetiology is poorly understood, several risk factors such as vaginal childbirth, chronically raised intra-abdominal pressure (such as asthma and chronic constipation), ageing, previous hysterectomy and connective tissue disorders are thought to play a role in the pathophysiology of POP. Studies have shown that vaginal childbirth can result in both gross and micro-architectural distortion/alteration of the pelvic floor musculature and is thus considered to play a major role in the development of POP. Although ethnicity has been proposed as a risk factor, there are limited studies on this subject. Recently, transperineal ultrasound (TPUS) has been used to study the structural integrity and the dynamic interaction between the pelvic organs and pelvic floor musculature. Using a specified methodology we intended to determine and compare pelvic floor morphology, namely pelvic organ descent and levator hiatal distensibility in a multi-ethnic South African population (Asian, Caucasian and Black) in both asymptomatic nulliparous and symptomatic multiparous women. Secondly we also intended to study the association between prolapse symptoms and functional anatomy of the pelvic floor, and finally to determine the impact of vaginal childbirth on the pelvic floor morphology 3-6 month postpartum. For all the studies women were recruited from the local nursing school, general gynaecology and tertiary urogynaecology clinic. Pregnant women were recruited from the district antenatal clinic. This cohort included only Black pregnant women. After informed consent all ultrasound volumes were acquired at rest, maximal pelvic floor contraction and Valsalva maneuver. Volumes were deindentified and analysed 6-8 weeks later using GE Kretz 4D View (GE Kretztechnik Gmbh, Zipf, Austria). In the nulliparous cohort, we found that Black South African women had greater pelvic organ descent on ultrasound and clinically and greater distensibility compared to South Asian and Caucasian women. Multivariate modelling revealed that Black 2 ethnicity remained a significant factor for pelvic organ mobility on clinical examination, (P=0.024). In women with symptomatic POP, there was significant variation in clinical prolapse stage, levator distensibility and pelvic organ descent in this racially diverse population presenting with pelvic organ prolapse, with South Asians having a lower avulsion rate than the other two ethnic groups (P= 0.014). As regards the association between prolapse symptoms and functional anatomy of the pelvic floor we found a significant association between awareness, visualization and/or feeling of a vaginal lump and abnormal pelvic floor functional anatomy, that is, hiatal ballooning and levator avulsion (all P< 0.05). The fourth part of the study included eighty four women who returned at a mean of 4.8 months postpartum. We found significant alteration in pelvic organ support and levator hiatal distensibility after vaginal delivery i.e. a significant increase in mean values from ante to postpartum measurements, more so for the vaginal delivery group. 15% of Black primiparous women sustained levator trauma after their first vaginal delivery. In conclusion, to the author‘s knowledge this is the first study on pelvic floor morphology in South African women. Contrary to previous publications inferring that Black women rarely develop PFD, we have shown that this particular ethnic group had significantly different pelvic floor dynamics than Caucasian and South Asian women for both nulliparous and multiparous symptomatic women. Levator trauma occurs in 15% of Black women after vaginal childbirth. / Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2017. / Obstetrics and Gynaecology / PhD / Unrestricted

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(医学) / 甲第18132号 / 医博第3852号 / 新制||医||1001(附属図書館) / 30990 / 京都大学大学院医学研究科医学専攻 / (主査)教授 戸口田 淳也, 教授 髙橋 良輔, 教授 宮本 享 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Medical Science / Kyoto University / DFAM

Les systèmes turbiditiques forment de grands édifices sédimentaires sous-marins situés au large des fleuves en pied de pente continentale et constituent les dépôts terrigènes les plus distaux d’un système fluviatile. Leur structure interne, définie comme un empilement de systèmes chenal-levées, montre des changements architecturaux au cours du temps dont les forçages sont encore mal connus, et le rôle respectif des facteurs de contrôle interne (lié au fonctionnement propre du système) ou externe (climat, variations du niveau marin, tectonique) reste sujet à débats. Afin de mieux comprendre le rôle de ces facteurs de contrôle, une étude détaillée de l’architecture du système Congo a été réalisée. Cette étude a été menée dans le cadre du projet de recherche Reprezaï (Ifremer/IUEM, depuis 2006), faisant suite aux projets Guiness et ZaïAngo (Ifremer/Total, 1992-2003), projets au cours desquels de nombreuses campagnes en mer ont permis l'acquisition d’une importante base de données géophysiques et géologiques. Une analyse quantitative de différents paramètres architecturaux des chenaux (longueur totale, longueur construite après avulsion, entre autres) de l’Edifice Axial du Congo (derniers 200 ka) révèle des cycles sédimentaires de progradation et rétrogradation des dépôt-centres, les plus grandes rétrogradations correspondant à des avulsions situées très en amont dans l’édifice turbiditique. Les dépôts-centres identifiés à la terminaison des chenaux correspondent à des complexes de lobes (selon la nomenclature de Prélat et al., 2009) relativement allongés dont les volumes (de 3 à 196 km3) varient considérablement dans le temps et l'espace sans pour autant montrer de cycles de variation comme pour les autres paramètres. Le volume cumulé de ces complexes de lobes reconnus représente jusqu'à 31% du volume de l’Edifice Axial. L’étude multiproxies (datations 14C, δ18O, mesures XRF, Carbone Organique Total, …) de carottes prélevées sur les chenaux les plus progradants et les plus rétrogradants, a fourni un cadre chronologique permettant de caler temporellement ces cycles sédimentaires. L’évolution temporelle des paramètres architecturaux a été comparée avec les variations des signaux paléoenvironnementaux et paléoclimatiques (pollens, COT, mesures XRF et MSCL, argiles…) enregistrés par une carotte de référence située en domaine hémipélagique et contemporaine de la construction de l’Edifice Axial. Les résultats mettent en évidence un lien étroit entre l’évolution architecturale de l’édifice turbiditique et les décharges fluviatiles du Congo. Ces dernières, mais aussi l’extension du couvert végétal sur le bassin versant, contrôlent le rapport sable/argile et donc, en partie, la capacité de transport des courants turbiditiques. Ces deux facteurs dépendent des précipitations liées aux variations d’intensité de la mousson en relation avec les cycles de précession (19-23 ka, Milankovitch). Un scénario de mise en place des systèmes chenal-levées et lobes de l’Edifice Axial en fonction des variations climatiques arides/humides sur le bassin versant a ainsi pu être proposé grâce à de bonnes contraintes stratigraphiques pour les derniers 40 ka. En période aride, les courants turbiditiques, peu fréquents et avec un fort rapport sable/argile qui diminue leur capacité de transport, sont propices à l'aggradation des chenaux, engendrant des conditions favorables pour la création ultérieure d’avulsions en amont. En période de transition aride/humide, lorsque le couvert végétal est encore peu développé, la décharge fluviatile accompagnée d’une charge solide importante augmente le volume des courants turbiditiques, favorisant les avulsions en amont du système. Enfin, les périodes humides, caractérisées par un débit liquide fort associé à une charge solide essentiellement argileuse qui décroît au fur et à mesure que le couvert végétal s’étend, génèrent des courants de turbidité dont la capacité de transport diminue au cours du temps […] / Turbidite systems are huge submarine sedimentary fans located off rivers, at the foot of the continental slope. They constitute the most distal terrigeneous deposits of a fluvial system. Their internal structure, defined as a stacking of channel-levee systems, show architectural changes through time. Forcing factors of these architectural changesare still poorly understood, and the respective role of internal (related to the own functioning of the system) or external forcing factors (climate, seal-level variations, tectonics) remains debated. To better understand the role of these controlling factors, a detailed study of the Congo system architecture was carried out. This study was conducted as part of the Reprezaï research project (Ifremer/IUEM, since 2006), following the Guiness and ZaïAngo projects (Ifremer/Total, 1992-2003), during which many oceanographic surveys allowed acquiring an important geophysical and geological data base. A quantitative analysis of different architectural parameters from the channels (e.g. total length, length built after avulsion,…) of the Congo Axial Fan (last 200 ka) reveals progradational-retrogradational sedimentary cycles of the depocenters, the highest retrogradations corresponding to avulsions located very upfan. Depocenters identified at the termination of the channels correspond to relatively elongated lobe complexes (according to the nomenclature of Prélat et al., 2009) with greatly variable volumes (from 3 to 196 km3) both in time and space, without any cyclicity like that identified by other parameters. The cumulative volume of these lobe complexes represents up to 31% of the Axial Fan volume. The multiproxies study (14C dating, δ18O, XRF measurements, Total Organic Carbon…) of cores sampled on the most prograding and retrograding channels provided a chronological framework to these sedimentary cycles. The temporal evolution of the architectural parameters was compared with changes in paleoenvironmental and paleoclimatic signals (pollens, TOC, XRF and MSCL measurements, clay mineralogy,…) recorded in the sediments of a reference core deposited simultaneously to the Axial Fan, but located outside the turbidite flows. Results highlight a strong link between the architectural evolution of the turbidite system and the Congo River discharge. These, as well as the expansion of the vegetation cover in the catchment area, control the sand/clay ratio and thus, at least partly, the transport capacity of turbidity currents that build the channel-levee systems. Both factors depend on rainfall related to the monsoon intensity variations in relation with precession (19-23 ka Milankovitch). A scenario for the deposition of channel-levee systems and lobes of the Axial Fan in link with arid/humid climate variations in the catchment area has been proposed thanks to good stratigraphic constraints for the last 40 ka. During arid periods, turbidity currents are infrequent and present a high sand/clay ratio which decreases their transport capacity. These turbidity currents are suitable to channel aggradation, generating favorable conditions for the subsequent creation of upfan avulsion. During periods of transition of arid to humid conditions, when the canopy is still underdeveloped, fluvial discharge and significant sediment load increases result in an increase of the turbidity currents volume, which favors upfan avulsions. Finally, during humid periods, Congo discharge is characterized by a strong liquid flow and a mainly clayey solid discharge which decreases gradually as the canopy extends. These conditions generate turbidity currents with decreasing transport capacity through time. However the transport capacity of these currents remains sufficient to reach distal portions of the systems and favor channels progradation. This climatic factor seems therefore to regularly disrupt the more perennial internal control which is also highlighted by the Congo Axial Fan architecture.

O tratamento de escolha para a avulsão dentária é o reimplante. Quando este é realizado tardiamente o tratamento da superfície radicular deve ser instituído com o objetivo de prevenir a reabsorção radicular. O objetivo deste trabalho foi comparar o efeito tópico das soluções de alendronato de sódio e de fluoreto de sódio no tratamento da superfície radicular em reimplantes tardios de dentes de ratos. Foram utilizados 72 incisivos superiores direitos extraídos e reimplantados. No grupo I, após o período extra-alveolar a seco de 60 minutos, fez-se o preenchimento do canal radicular com pasta de hidróxido de cálcio (CALEN®) e o reimplante. Nos grupos II, III e IV, após o período extra-alveolar a seco de 60 minutos, procedeu-se o tratamento da superfície radicular. No grupo II, os dentes foram imersos em solução de ácido cítrico pH 1,0 por 5 minutos, lavados em soro fisiológico por 5 minutos e mantidos em solução de fluoreto de sódio a 2% pH 5,5 por 20 minutos. No grupo III, os dentes foram imersos em solução de ácido cítrico pH 1,0 por 5 minutos, lavados em soro fisiológico por 5 minutos e mantidos em solução de alendronato de sódio a 3,2 mg/l por 10 minutos. No grupo IV, os dentes foram imersos em solução de hipoclorito de sódio a 1% por 30 minutos, lavados em soro fisiológico por 5 minutos e mantidos em solução de alendronato de sódio a 3,2 mg/l por 10 minutos. Os canais radiculares dos dentes dos grupos II, III e IV foram preenchidos com pasta de hidróxido de cálcio (CALEN®) e reimplantados. Transcorridos os períodos de 30, 90 e 120 dias do reimplante, os animais foram mortos, as peças obtidas e processadas em laboratório para análise microscópica. Os resultados mostraram que nenhum dos tratamentos foi capaz de evitar a anquilose; o tratamento com ácido cítrico e alendronato e ácido cítrico e fluoreto de sódio não evitou a ocorrência de reabsorções inflamatórias intensas; o tratamento com ácido cítrico e alendronato apresentou áreas mais intensas de reabsorção por substituição que o tratamento com hipoclorito de sódio e alendronato e não se observou reabsorções moderadas nem intensas no grupo tratado com hipoclorito de sódio e alendronato. / The treatment of choice for tooth avulsion is replantation. When this is done later, the treatment of root surface should be established with the objective to prevent root resorption. The objective of this research was to compare the topical effect of solutions of sodium alendronate and sodium fluoride in the treatment of root surface in delayed tooth replantations of rats teeth. It was used 72 rat maxillary right central incisors extracted and replanted. In group I, after the dry extra-alveolar period of 60 minutes, it was done the filling of the root canal with calcium hydroxide paste (CALEN®) and replantation. In the groups II, III and IV, after the dry extra-alveolar period of 60 minutes, it was proceeded the treatment of the root surface. In the group II, the teeth were immersed in citric acid solution pH 1.0 for 5 minutes, saline solution for 5 minutes and sodium fluoride at 2% pH 5.5 for 20 minutes. In the group III, the teeth were immersed in citric acid solution pH 1.0 for 5 minutes, saline solution for 5 minutes and sodium alendronate at 3.2 mg/l for 10 minutes. In the group IV, the teeth were immersed in sodium hypochlorite at 1% for 30 minutes, saline solution for 5 minutes and solution of sodium alendronate at 3.2 mg/l for 10 minutes. The root canals in the groups II, III and IV were filled with calcium hydroxide paste (CALEN®) and replantated. Passed the periods of 30, 90 and 120 days of the replantation, the animals were killed, samples obtained and processed in the laboratory for microscopic analysis. The results showed that none of the treatments was able to avoid ankylosis; treatment with citric acid and alendronate and citric acid and sodium fluoride did not prevent the occurrence of intense inflammatory resorption, the treatment with citric acid and alendronate showed more intense areas of replacement resorption than the treatment with sodium hypochlorite and alendronate, and it was not observed moderate or intense resorptions in the group treated with sodium hypochlorite and alendronate.

Orientador: Sônia Regina Panzarini Barioni / Banca: Roberta Okamoto / Banca: Ana Paula Farnezi Bassi / Banca: Celso Koogi Sonoda / Banca: Letícia Helena Theodoro / Resumo: O sucesso do reimplante dentário, mesmo nos dias atuais, é limitado, pois grande parte dos dentes é perdida devido à reabsorção radicular progressiva, justificando a busca de novas estratégias que possam controlar esse problema. Assim, foi objetivo deste estudo, avaliar por meio de análise histomorfométrica e imunoistoquímica, a ação do laser em baixa intensidade (LLLT) sobre o processo de reparo após reimplante dentário em ratos. Sessenta ratos (Rattus norvegicus albinus, Wistar) tiveram seus incisivos superiores direitos extraídos e foram aleatoriamente divididos em seis grupos: C0, C30 e C45 considerados controles, onde o reimplante dentário foi realizado imediatamente, trinta e quarenta e cinco minutos após a exodontia respectivamente, sem nenhum tratamento do ligamento periodontal remanescente e L0, L30 e L45, onde o reimplante foi realizado nos mesmos tempos extra-alveolares dos controles, porém a superfície radicular e alvéolo, com remanescentes do ligamento periodontal, foram tratados com LLLT (Arseneto de Gálio e Alumínio) antes do reimplante. Os animais foram eutanasiados após 60 dias. Os resultados evidenciaram reabsorções radiculares externas por substituição e inflamatória em todos os grupos, não apresentando diferença significativa entre o grupo controle e tratado em cada período de tempo extra-alveolar (P>0,05). A anquilose, porém, foi maior no grupo L30 em comparação com o C30 (P<0,05). Na análise imunoistoquímica houve predominância da proteína RANKL sobre a RANK e OPG no reimplante imediato (p<0,05). No período extra-alveolar de 45 minutos houve predominância da RANK sobre a RANKL (p<0,05). A proteína TRAP foi predominante nos grupos tratados com LLLT no reimplante imediato e com 30 minutos de tempo extra-alveolar (p<0,05). Esses resultados levaram a concluir que o tratamento da superfície radicular e alvéolo com LLLT, nas... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The success of the replanted tooth, nowadays, still tends to be limited because great amount of teeth are lost because of progressive root resorption, justifying the search of new strategies that can control this problem. This study investigates by histomorphometric and immunohistochemical analysis the of low-level laser terapy (LLLT) influence on in the control of root resorption on the healing process after tooth replantation. Sixty Wistar rats were submitted to extraction of their upper right incisor and randomly were allocated to one of six experimental groups. The groups: C0, C30 and C45 had been considered controls, where the teeth were replanted immediately, thirty and forty five minutes after the tooth extraction respectively, without any treatment of the remaining periodontal ligament. In the groups L0, L30 and L45, the teeth were replanted immediately, thirty and forty five minutes after tooth extraction respectively; however the root surface and dental sockets with remainders of the periodontal ligament had been treated with LLLT (gallium-aluminium-arsinide). The animals were euthanasied after 60 days. The comparative analysis did not reveal statistically significant differences in external root resorption (P>0.05) between the treatment modalities when used for tooth replantation in each extra-alveolar period, but anchylosis was bigger in L30 (P<0.05) comparing to C30. Immunohistochemical analysis showed predominant expression of RANKL on RANK and OPG in the immediate replant (p<0.05). At 45 minutes extra-alveolar time, there was predominant expression of RANKL on RANK (p<0.05). TRAP protein showed predominant expression in the LLLT groups in immediate replant and 30 minutes extra-alveolar time (P<0.05). These results suggest that the treatment of root surface and dental sockets with LLLT, in this study specification, were not able to prevent root resorption in tooth... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor

Orientador: Wilson Roberto Poi / Coorientador : Mirian Marubayashi Hidalgo / Banca: Celso Koogi Sonoda / Banca: Fernando Acccorsi Orosco / Banca: Raquel Sano Terada / Banca: Solange Munhoz Arroyo Lopes / Resumo: Objetivo: avaliar o efeito da educação continuada na aquisição e consolidação de conhecimento sobre avulsão dentária dos Orientadores Educacionais do Ensino Fundamental de escolas públicas do município de Maringá-PR, em relação aos corretos procedimentos a serem adotados imediatamente após a ocorrência de uma avulsão dentária. Material e Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo de campo, descritivo-exploratório, de abordagem quantitativa desenvolvido com os Orientadores Educacionais do Ensino Fundamental da rede pública do Município de Maringá, PR. Consideraram-se dois grupos de profissionais entrevistados: submetido à intervenção oral e visual e submetido à intervenção oral e visual, reforçada por outros meios visuais, e o grupo controle, anterior à intervenção. Aplicou-se um questionário dividido em três partes: dados demográficos, conhecimento/domínio sobre traumatismos dentários em geral e a avulsão, em especial, sendo a terceira o conhecimento/domínio sobre as atitudes a serem adotadas em relação ao manejo imediato dos dentes avulsionados .No questionário,utilizou-se uma escala indireta para medir as atitudes dos participantes, a escala de Likert e para interpretação das respostas aplicou-se uma escala de escores de 0 a 4. A intervenção propriamente dita foi a instituição de um Programa de Educação Continuada para capacitação dos envolvidos. A consistência interna do instrumento foi medida por meio do coeficiente Alfa de Cronbach. Para medir a diferença entre os escores atribuídos... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Aim: To evaluate the effect of continuing education on the acquisition and consolidation of knowledge about dental avulsion of Primary School Education Mentors of public schools in the city of Maringá-PR, in relation to the correct procedures to be adopted immediately after the occurrence of a dental avulsion. Materials and methods: This is a field-based, descriptive-exploratory, quantitative approach developed with the Educational Mentors of Elementary School of the public network of the city of Maringá, PR. Two groups of professionals were interviewed: submitted to oral and visual intervention; and submitted to oral and visual intervention, reinforced by other visual means, and the control group, prior to the intervention. A questionnaire was applied divided into three parts: demographic data, knowledge / domain on dental trauma in general, and avulsion in particular; and the third, knowledge / domain about the attitudes to be adopted in relation to the immediate management of avulsed teeth. In the questionnaire, an indirect scale was used to measure the participants' attitudes, the Likert scale and for the interpretation of the answers a score scale of 0 to 4 was used. The intervention it self was the institution of a Continuing Education Program to empower those involved. The internal consistency of the instrument was measured by Cronbach's alpha coefficient. To measure the difference between the assigned scores, the KruskalWallis test was used, followed by Dunn's multipl... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:23:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-12-03Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:51:18Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 trevisan_cl_me_araca.pdf: 4571507 bytes, checksum: e415990505fc911f3b7ce5a5b875261f (MD5) / O prognóstico do reimplante dentário tardio está vinculado à necessidade do tratamento endodôntico uma vez que a necrose pulpar tem uma relação direta com o surgimento da reabsorção radicular externa do tipo inflamatória. Muitas pesquisas têm sido realizadas com o objetivo de se prevenir, retardar ou tratar essa complicação e o hidróxido de cálcio é a substância mais empregada devido às suas propriedades antimicrobiana e reparadora tecidual. O objetivo do trabalho é avaliar o processo de reparo no reimplante tardio de dentes de rato, utilizando o hidróxido de cálcio (Ca(OH)2) associado ao paramonoclorofenol canforado (PMCC) ou à clorexidina (CHX) como curativo de demora em relação ao Ca(OH)2 associado ao soro fisiológico na prevenção e/ou controle da reabsorção radicular inflamatória. Trinta ratos (Rattus norvegicus albinus) machos, divididos em 3 grupos de 10 animais, tiveram o incisivo direito extraído e mantido em meio seco por 60 minutos. Em seguida, a papila dentária, o órgão do esmalte, a polpa dentária e o ligamento periodontal foram removidos. Os dentes foram imersos em solução de fluoreto de sódio fosfato acidulado a 2% pH 5,5, por 10 minutos. Após esse procedimento, os canais foram secos com cone de papel absorvente e divididos em 3 grupos, de acordo com o curativo de demora empregado: Grupo I: canais radiculares preenchidos com pasta de Ca(OH)2 e soro fisiológico, Grupo II: com pasta de Ca(OH)2 e PMCC e Grupo III: com pasta de Ca(OH)2 e solução de CHX 2%. Os alvéolos foram irrigados com soro fisiológico e os dentes reimplantados. A análise histológica mostrou presença de reabsorção inflamatória, por substituição e anquilose nos três grupos e a análise estatística mostrou diferença estatisticamente significante entre o grupo III e os demais grupos experimentais com relação à porcentagem... / The prognosis of delayed tooth replantation is linked to the need of endodontic treatment, once that necrotic pulp has a direct relationship with the rise of inflammatory external root resorption. Much research has been conducted with the objective of preventing or treating this complication and calcium hydroxide is the most commonly used substance because of its antimicrobial and tissue repairing properties. The aim of this study is to evaluate the repair process of the delayed teeth replantation in rat, treated with calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) associated with camphorated p-monochlorophenol (CMCP) or chlorhexidine 2 % (CHX), and Ca(OH)2 in saline solution as temporization dressing to prevent and/or control inflammatory resorption. Thirty rats (Rattus norvegicus albinos) had extracted the right incisor and that was kept in a dry state for 60 minutes. Subsequently, the dental papilla, the enamel organ, the dental pulp and periodontal ligament were removed. The teeth were immersed in a solution of sodium fluoride acidulated 2% pH 5.5 for 10 minutes. After this procedure, the canals were dried with absorbent paper cone and divided into 3 groups, of 10 animals of which, according to the dressing: Group I: root canals filled with Ca(OH)2 and saline solution, Group II: with Ca(OH)2 and CMCP and Group III: with Ca(OH)2 and CHX 2%. The teeth sockets were irrigated with saline solution and the teeth were replanted. While histological analysis revealed the presence of inflammatory resorption, ankylosis and replacement in all three groups, statistical analysis showed a significant difference between group III and other groups. Departing from these results, it was concluded that the association between the use of Ca(OH)2 with PMCC or CHX did not show an advantage over the use of Ca(OH) 2 paste and saline solution to prevent and/or control the inflammatory root reabsorption in delayed replantation of rat teeth.

Resumo: O prognóstico do reimplante dentário tardio está vinculado à necessidade do tratamento endodôntico uma vez que a necrose pulpar tem uma relação direta com o surgimento da reabsorção radicular externa do tipo inflamatória. Muitas pesquisas têm sido realizadas com o objetivo de se prevenir, retardar ou tratar essa complicação e o hidróxido de cálcio é a substância mais empregada devido às suas propriedades antimicrobiana e reparadora tecidual. O objetivo do trabalho é avaliar o processo de reparo no reimplante tardio de dentes de rato, utilizando o hidróxido de cálcio (Ca(OH)2) associado ao paramonoclorofenol canforado (PMCC) ou à clorexidina (CHX) como curativo de demora em relação ao Ca(OH)2 associado ao soro fisiológico na prevenção e/ou controle da reabsorção radicular inflamatória. Trinta ratos (Rattus norvegicus albinus) machos, divididos em 3 grupos de 10 animais, tiveram o incisivo direito extraído e mantido em meio seco por 60 minutos. Em seguida, a papila dentária, o órgão do esmalte, a polpa dentária e o ligamento periodontal foram removidos. Os dentes foram imersos em solução de fluoreto de sódio fosfato acidulado a 2% pH 5,5, por 10 minutos. Após esse procedimento, os canais foram secos com cone de papel absorvente e divididos em 3 grupos, de acordo com o curativo de demora empregado: Grupo I: canais radiculares preenchidos com pasta de Ca(OH)2 e soro fisiológico, Grupo II: com pasta de Ca(OH)2 e PMCC e Grupo III: com pasta de Ca(OH)2 e solução de CHX 2%. Os alvéolos foram irrigados com soro fisiológico e os dentes reimplantados. A análise histológica mostrou presença de reabsorção inflamatória, por substituição e anquilose nos três grupos e a análise estatística mostrou diferença estatisticamente significante entre o grupo III e os demais grupos experimentais com relação à porcentagem... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The prognosis of delayed tooth replantation is linked to the need of endodontic treatment, once that necrotic pulp has a direct relationship with the rise of inflammatory external root resorption. Much research has been conducted with the objective of preventing or treating this complication and calcium hydroxide is the most commonly used substance because of its antimicrobial and tissue repairing properties. The aim of this study is to evaluate the repair process of the delayed teeth replantation in rat, treated with calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) associated with camphorated p-monochlorophenol (CMCP) or chlorhexidine 2 % (CHX), and Ca(OH)2 in saline solution as temporization dressing to prevent and/or control inflammatory resorption. Thirty rats (Rattus norvegicus albinos) had extracted the right incisor and that was kept in a dry state for 60 minutes. Subsequently, the dental papilla, the enamel organ, the dental pulp and periodontal ligament were removed. The teeth were immersed in a solution of sodium fluoride acidulated 2% pH 5.5 for 10 minutes. After this procedure, the canals were dried with absorbent paper cone and divided into 3 groups, of 10 animals of which, according to the dressing: Group I: root canals filled with Ca(OH)2 and saline solution, Group II: with Ca(OH)2 and CMCP and Group III: with Ca(OH)2 and CHX 2%. The teeth sockets were irrigated with saline solution and the teeth were replanted. While histological analysis revealed the presence of inflammatory resorption, ankylosis and replacement in all three groups, statistical analysis showed a significant difference between group III and other groups. Departing from these results, it was concluded that the association between the use of Ca(OH)2 with PMCC or CHX did not show an advantage over the use of Ca(OH) 2 paste and saline solution to prevent and/or control the inflammatory root reabsorption in delayed replantation of rat teeth. / Orientador: Sônia Regina Panzarini Barioni / Coorientador: Daniela Atili Brandini / Banca: Wilson Roberto Poi / Banca: Ana Paula Farnezi Bassi / Mestre

Resumo: A clínica tem mostrado que a maioria dos reimplantes dentários é tardia e nessa condição há necrose das células do ligamento periodontal e as reabsorções patológicas podem se instalar e levar à perda do dente. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o MTA e o Ca(OH)2, no interior dos tecidos, após a reabsorção radicular externa em reimplante tardio de dente de rato. Foram utilizados 20 ratos (Rattus norvegicus albinus) machos que tiveram o incisivo direito extraído e mantido em meio seco por 60 minutos. Em seguida, a papila dentária, o órgão do esmalte, a polpa dentária e o ligamento periodontal foram removidos. Os dentes foram imersos em solução de fluoreto de sódio fosfato acidulado a 2% pH 5,5, por 10 minutos. Em seguida os canais foram secos e divididos em 2 grupos: Grupo I - canais radiculares foram preenchidos com pasta de Ca(OH)2 e soro fisiológico e Grupo II - com MTA. Os alvéolos foram irrigados com soro fisiológico e os dentes reimplantados. Após 80 dias foi possível observar extensas áreas de reabsorção por substituição e algumas inflamatória nos dois grupos experimentais. Houve uma reação inflamatória mais intensa em contato com o Ca(OH)2 quando comparado ao MTA. No fundo do alvéolo houve maior neoformação óssea no grupo do MTA, porém não houve diferença estatisticamente significante entre os grupos. È possível concluir que o MTA pode ser uma opção clínica viável para a obturação de dentes tardiamente reimplantados sujeitos à reabsorção radicular externa devido a sua biocompatibilidade com os tecidos / Abstract: Clinical practice has shown that most of reimplanted teeth are late, this condition produce necrosis of periodontal ligament cells and the pathological resorption may occur and produce dental loss. The aim of this study was to assess the biological behavior of MTA and Ca(OH)2, within the tissues after external root resorption in delayed late reimplanted rat teeth. Twenty male rats (Rattus norvegicus albinus) were used. The upper right incisor was extracted and was kept in a dry environment for 60 minutes. Then, the dental papilla, the enamel organ, the dental pulp and the periodontal ligament were removed. The teeth were immersed in 2% acidulous sodium fluoride solution pH 5.5 for 10 minutes. After that, the canals were dried and divided into 2 groups: Group I - the canals were filled with Ca(OH)2 and saline and Group II - with MTA. Sockets were irrigated with saline solution and the teeth were reimplanted. After 80 days was possible to observe large areas of replacement resorption and some inflammatory root in both groups There was more intense inflammatory reaction in contact with Ca(OH)2 when compared to MTA. At the bottom of the alveolar socket, bone neoformation was greater in the group of MTA, but there was no statistically significant difference between the groups. It's possible to conclude that MTA may be a viable clinical option for filling of late dental reimplanted subject to external root resorption due to its biocompatibility with the tissues / Orientador: Sônia Regina Panzarini Barioni / Coorientador: Alessandra Aranega / Banca: Celso Koogi Sonoda / Banca: Cristiane Mara Ruiz de Sousa Fattah / Mestre