A letter of credit contract and a collection contract This final thesis is focused on two important payment instruments - the letter of credit and the collection. The aim of this thesis is to analyze the letter of credit and the collection. Its main target is to describe both payment instruments and to introduce their use in real life situations and to point out advantages and disadvantages of both instruments. Both domestic and international legal arrangements as well as expert literature and articles were used to write the thesis. As a main source was used Commercial Code and unification of trade customs by the International Chamber of Commerce. The thesis is divided in 5 chapters which furthermore divide themselves into several more subchapters. Because of the fact that contract on the letter of credit and the contract on collection are fundamental for the creation of commercial law obligation the first chapter discusses the general characteristics of commercial obligations from the point of view of the Civil Code and from the point of view of the Commercial Code. Furthermore the letter of credit and the collection are one of the many of bank contracts and these are explained in detail in the second chapter. The bank itself is a party to such contracts and that is why a lot of attention is paid in the...

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:21:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Gisele Ilana Lenzi.pdf: 1028212 bytes, checksum: 33032eda736d662a5996b20804eec719 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-05-31 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / This dissertation was developed and grounded on Consumers‟ Rights and Bank Contracts, more specifically on the Precedent 381 of the Superior Court of Justice (Brazil).The aim of this paper is to analyze the applicability of the statutory control and its consequences in consumption relationships of bank contracts. Exploratory research with deductive reasoning supported by bibliographic techniques to assemble jurists‟ prevailing opinion, and court precedents, including bank actions data in the consumption market were applied. It is organized in three chapters to enable encompassing proposed theme. Firstly, we analyze the general contractual legal transaction basis and its compliance with constitutional and civil principles. Then, we discuss the consumers‟ rights and their principles, contractual abusive terms and clauses with occasional reviews. In the third chapter, we approach bank special contracts focusing on the judicial activity-freezing phenomenon, showing procedural institutes to advance and accelerate lawsuits solution. We also approach the choice process for the best decision of the arbitrator/justice, mainly on grounds of reasonableness and proportionality. The result of the research indicates the incoherent effect caused by occasional use of the Precedent 381 of the Superior Court of Justice in the defense of the consumer, considering the elimination of such statutory control, provided it does not meet its purpose, disrespecting consumers‟ rights, with an exclusive privilege to supply bank. Furthermore, it discredits the ideal of justice by treating subjects of rights as objects / O tema escolhido para desenvolver esta dissertação abrange o direito do consumidor e os contratos bancários, especificamente quanto à disciplina contida na Súmula 381, emanada do Superior Tribunal de Justiça. O objetivo é analisar a aplicabilidade deste comando legal e suas consequências nas relações de consumo que tangenciam os contratos bancários. Para esta tarefa foi utilizada como suporte metodológico a pesquisa exploratória com raciocínio de ordem dedutiva e a técnica bibliográfica para reunir doutrina e jurisprudência, além de dados sobre a ação dos bancos no mercado de consumo. Quanto à organização, o trabalho está dividido em três capítulos, necessários para circundar a temática proposta. Primeiramente é analisada a base do negócio jurídico contratual geral e sua submissão aos ditames constitucionais e civis. Passa-se, em seguida, a discorrer sobre o direito do consumidor, abarcando os princípios em destaque, as partes e as cláusulas contratuais abusivas e eventual revisão. No terceiro capítulo, com a abordagem do contrato especial bancário, foca-se o fenômeno do congelamento da atividade judicante, demonstrando os institutos processuais para aceleração da solução de demandas e, nesse contexto, o processo de escolha da melhor decisão, pelo julgador, principalmente pelo prisma do pensamento que orienta a proporcionalidade e a razoabilidade. O resultado da pesquisa aponta o efeito desarmônico causado pela eventual aplicação da Súmula 381 do Supremo Tribunal de Justiça ao sistema de defesa do consumidor, merecendo ser extirpado tal comando do ordenamento jurídico por não cumprir com a sua finalidade, já que desrespeita frontalmente os direitos do consumidor com um privilégio exclusivo ao banco-fornecedor, além de sua aplicação desprestigiar o ideal da justiça ao tratar o sujeito de direito como objeto