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This essay is a study and analysis of the funnel beaker pottery at Gullarve 1:13 in Väte parish. The purpose of the study is to analyse the chronology of the settlement by determine the distribution, stratigraphic context and the ornamentation of the pottery. Another purpose is to discuss the geographical location of the settlement in the landscape.In this essay a short review of the pottery and the funnel beaker culture as well as a description of the pottery from the archaeological excavation from 1984 at Gullarve 1:13 is presented. Since the documentation of the archaeological excavation from 1984 is missing or is very inadequate, no spatial analysis can be carried out. The distribution of the pottery can’t contribute to the result of the essay, though if possible it probably would have provided some interesting results. A clear stratigraphic difference of pottery with ornamentation and flint is indicated. The earliest radiocarbon date of the settlement is approximately 5000 BC. The funnel beaker pottery is generally dated to 4200 BC, which suggests that the Väte settlements on Gotland are the earliest agriculture settlements in Sweden. This area provide a productive natural resource area around the settlement, including a sweet water lake and sandy soil, which indicates a typical funnel beaker settlement at Gotland. One can easily understand why the inhabitants of the early Neolithic settlement chose to live at Gullarve 7000 years ago.

Habilitationsschrift--Universität des Saarlandes, Saarbrücken, 1973/74. / Includes bibliographical references (v. 1, p. 298-320).

Habilitationsschrift--Universität des Saarlandes, Saarbrücken, 1973/74. / Includes bibliographical references (v. 1, p. 298-320).

in English The submitted thesis adresses the processing of material culture from the archaeological excavation in Velké Přílepy (district of Prague-west), where the settlement of Funnel Beaker culture was uncovered. The study is a sequel to my bacheolor's thesis (defended in 2010) which evaluated only one part of the excavated settlement and significantly improves its corpus of finds. Therefore there is now a complete analysis of the whole widespread settlement area in an open position without any fortification. Close to sixty structures were documented and dated (based on ceramic analysis) to the Siřem and Salzmündphase of Funnel Beaker culture on this researched area. Thanks to the excavation, an exceptionally rich collection of ceramic production from the Early Eneolithic period (10 105 pieces altogether) exists. Other settlements belonging to the Funnel Beaker culture in the vicinity of Velké Přílepy are also considered in this thesis. Together with this settlement, they create a unique area of settlements of the aforementioned culture.

Cette thèse propose d'appréhender l'évolution des productions céramiques et des échanges entre les îles et le continent depuis le Néolithique jusqu’à l’époque gallo-romaine.Au travers d'approches archéométriques du mobilier céramique, nous interrogeons le rôle des îles bretonnes dans le développement de réseaux de communication et de circulation des hommes et des produits. Ainsi, en déterminant le caractère local ou exogène d'une production, il est possible de cerner le degré d'ouverture ou de repli d'une occupation et son intégration dans les réseaux d'échanges.Pour cela, plusieurs méthodes d'analyse ont été mises en oeuvre à différentes échelles, en relation avec les données typologiques des vases. Des observations macroscopiques, portant sur les traitements de surface ont été réalisées, tout comme des observations microscopiques en lames minces, qui permettront d'identifier le cortège minéralogique présent dans les terres et de déterminer l'origine géologique et géographique des poteries. L’étude des pâtes est complétée par des analyses MEB-EDS, D-RX et P-XRF. Enfin, une nouvelle approche méthodologique appliquée à la provenance des céramiques archéologiques a été développée : l’analyse par LA-ICP-MS des inclusions naturelles ou artificielles des terres cuites.Le cadre chronologique de cette étude, du Néolithique à l'époque gallo-romaine, permet de suivre l'évolution des caractéristiques des céramiques ainsi que leurs lieux d'approvisionnements et de productions.L'interprétation de ces analyses est remise en perspective dans une réflexion plus large sur le statut des sites insulaires : sont-ils des centres de production ou des occupations périphériques dépendantes de centres plus continentaux ? / This thesis proposes to grasp the development of the ceramic productions and exchanges between the islands and the mainland since the Neolithic to the gallo-roman period.Through archaeometric approaches of ceramics, we question the role of the islands Brittany in the development of communication networks and movement of people and products. Thus, determining the local or exogenous nature of a production, it is possible to identify the degree of openness or withdrawal of an occupation and its integration into trade networks.For this, several analytical methods have been implemented at different scales, in relation to the typological datas of the ceramics. Macroscopic observations, on the surface treatments were carried out as microscopic observations in thin sections, which will identify the mineral assemblage in the clay, and to determine the geological and geographical origin of pottery. The study of paste is complemented with analysis by SEM-EDS, XR-D and HH-XRF. At last, a new methodological approach applied to the provenance of archaeological ceramics was developed: the analysis by LA-ICP-MS of natural or artificial inclusions in the potteries.The chronological framework of this study, from the Neolithic to the Gallo-Roman period allows to follow the evolution of the ceramic characteristics, the locations of supply and production.The interpretation of these analysis is put into perspective in a broader considerations on the status of island sites: are they production centers or dependent occupations from continental centers?

Věra Sušická - Diplomová práce 2012 Anglický překlad The final work is concerned with the remanis of dwelling in the context of Funnel Beaker culture. It is divided into five basic regions. In general these regions are consisting of south Scandinavia, the Netherlands, Germany, Poland, Bohemia, Lower Austria and west Ukraine. 76 localities were obtained from all these regions. There was proof of more then 160 dwellings (Underground/dig houses, post hole houses). Particular types of dwellings and their functional characteristics were described typologically and chronologically. The finds were scrutinized, especially the czech ones. This work also further discusses the issues of the survival process of mentioned dwellings and the ways of evaluation and research. Klíčová slova: Funnel Beaker Culture -Central European kontext - dwelling structure - post hole houses - dig houses Obsah: Text - 117 str. (47 poznámek pod čarou), literatura a prameny - 18 str., obrazové přílohy - 19 obr., tabulky - 44 str., mapy - 5 listů (celkem: 193 listů ve formátu A3, 4 listy ve formátu A4).

Yes / Ceramic containers, intentionally deposited into wetlands, offer detailed insights into Early Neolithic culinary practices. Additionally, they are key for ascertaining the Neolithisation process in Denmark since they appear to form a typo-chronological sequence. Here, we use a combination of organic residue analysis (ORA) of pottery alongside Bayesian chronological modelling of the radiocarbon dates obtained on these vessels to explore the initial stages of votive deposition in wetlands, a practice that stretches from the Mesolithic to the onset of Christianity in Northern Europe. We consider 34 Early-Middle Neolithic (c. 3900–2350 cal BC) ‘bog pots’ from Denmark, of which 20 have ORA data, and 26 have been dated directly. Carbonised surface residues and absorbed lipids from powdered sherds were analysed using a combination of bulk carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analysis, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS) and GC-combustion-isotope ratio MS (GC-C-IRMS). The molecular and isotopic compositions of the analysed samples revealed the presence of aquatic, ruminant carcass and dairy fats as well as plant waxes with the majority containing mixtures thereof. Dairy fats were present from the onset of the Funnel Beaker culture, whilst aquatic foods, prevalent at the close of the preceding Mesolithic period, continued to be processed in pottery for the following thousand years. / UK Arts and Humanities Research Board Grant B/RG/AN1717/APN14658 (to O.E.C.) and the UK Arts and Humanities Research Council Grant AH/E008232/1 (to C.P.H and O.E.C.) for funding this research. H.K.R. acknowledges the British Academy for funding during the preparation of the manuscript.

There were used human skeletal remains from eight Older and Late Eneolithic burial sites from Bohemia to set their health status. I used remains of 307 individuals. Paleodemography analysis of cemeteries and cultures was made. There were shown possible modifications of life table values based on experiment with modern population values. During paleoepidemiological analysis I described the most important categories of pathological findings. The results of analysis were used to make comparisons between themselves and with individuals from the Moravian cemetery of Bell Beaker Culture from Hoštice I za Hanou. An unexpected result was the statistically significant difference in the height of Bohemian and Moravian population of Bell Beaker Culture. Male individuals of Funnel Beaker Culture had the lowest height of all. There were found only two congenital anomalies, plagiocephalia and Klippel-Feil syndrome (fused cervical vertebrae). X-ray images were made of the most important findings for better diagnosis. Except the classic categories of pathologies I detected two cases of hyperostosis frontalis interna, both females from a burial site of Corded Ware Culture in Vikletice. In five cases were found osteoplastic growth on the visceral surface of the ribs of individuals of Bell Beaker Culture from...

Despite the potential of a biocultural methodology, osteology and archaeology are often approached separately in some parts of Central Europe. This osteoarchaeological thesis presents a rare comparative study of populations occupying modern-day Slovakia, Moravia, and Bohemia from the Neolithic to the Early Bronze Age (EBA). By examining skeletal indicators of health and lifestyle, it aims to contribute to bioarchaeological research within the study region. It also provides new insights into a series of important sites where no osteological evaluation of skeletal remains have previously been performed. Human remains from thirty-four sites in Slovakia, Moravia and Bohemia, 152 adults and 136 subadults, were analysed. Demographic, pathological and metric data were recorded and evaluated, and compared with previously published data for contemporaneous populations in order to create a more comprehensive representation of the populations in the area. The results suggest several differences between the Neolithic and the following periods, mostly as regards health status. Higher dietary and environmental stress was indicated in the Neolithic period, as suggested by lower mortality peak (especially of females and subadults) and about 5cm shorter stature, and generally worse health status of Neolithic population when compared to the Chalcolithic and EBA individuals. The Neolithic is also the only period where females were more numerous than males. Such a trend is quite common in the Neolithic of the study region. This may be a result of increased migration of Neolithic females, as raids for wives are suggested to have been practiced. As indicated by both the osteological and archaeological record, one of the sites examined, Svodín, could have been a site of contemporary elites and their family members. Chalcolithic populations revealed differences in cranial shape, being mesocephalic (medium-headed) or brachycephalic (short-headed), whereas both the Neolithic and the EBA populations were dolichocephalic (long-headed). Differences in male and female cranial features suggest a possible mixing of indigenous and incoming populations. Such results may contribute to the ongoing discussion about the ‘foreignness‘ of Chalcolithic Bell Beaker people in the area. Traumatic lesions suggest that males were more physically active than females in all three periods, including violent encounters. Even though violence was recorded in all three periods, especially in the western part of the region, and the intensity and brutality of the assaults appears to increase in the Chalcolithic and culminating in the EBA. In addition, poorer health status of EBA children was recorded, possibly related to more marked social differentiation in the period. In general, poorer health was implied for the prehistoric populations of today’s Slovakia. The results of this study can serve as the basis for future research and contribute to a more comprehensive image of lifestyle and development of prehistoric populations in the study area.