The Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire is an internationally widely used instrument assessing different eating styles that may contribute to weight gain and overweight: emotional eating, external eating, and restraint. This study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the 30-item German version of the DEBQ including its measurement invariance across gender, age, and BMI-status in a representative German population sample. Furthermore, we examined the distribution of eating styles in the general population and provide population-based norms for DEBQ scales. A representative sample of the German general population (N = 2513, age > 14 years) was assessed with the German version of the DEBQ along with information on sociodemographic characteristics and body weight and height. The German version of the DEQB demonstrates good item characteristics and reliability (restraint: α = .92, emotional eating: α = .94, external eating: α = .89). The 3-factor structure of the DEBQ could be replicated in exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses and results of multi-group confirmatory factor analyses supported its metric and scalar measurement invariance across gender, age, and BMI-status. External eating was the most prevalent eating style in the German general population. Women scored higher on emotional and restrained eating scales than men, and overweight individuals scored higher in all three eating styles compared to normal weight individuals. Small differences across age were found for external eating. Norms were provided according to gender, age, and BMI-status. Our findings suggest that the German version of the DEBQ has good reliability and construct validity, and is suitable to reliably measure eating styles across age, gender, and BMI-status. Furthermore, the results demonstrate a considerable variation of eating styles across gender and BMI-status.

Träning medför såväl fysiska som psykiska hälsofördelar. Trots att detta är vedertaget, tränar människor olika mycket och det finns även en andel människor som tränar otillräckligt. I föreliggande studie användes Self-Determination Theory (SDT) och Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), för att undersöka om faktorer inom dessa teorier kan förutsäga hur mycket människor i åldern 18 – 30 tränar i veckan. Data från personer som tränade olika mycket (n= 196, Målder= 24.94, SD= 2.69) samlades in genom ett elektroniskt självskattningsformulär som bestod av frågor om träning, Behavioral Regulations in Exercise Questionnaire (BREQ-3) och Theory of Planned Behavior Questionnaire. Multipla regressionsanalyser genomfördes för att undersöka hur väl SDT, TPB och en kombination av dessa predicerade träningsmängd. Resultatet visade att SDT och TPB såväl enskilt som tillsammans förklarade en signifikant andel av variansen i träningsmängd, samt att autonom motivation från SDT och upplevd beteendekontroll från TPB var de bästa prediktorerna för träningsmängd. Detta pekar på att en upplevelse av att träning är lätt, glädjefyllt och en integrerad del av en själv, förutsäger hög träningsmängd i veckan. Framtida forskning kan med fördel undersöka vilka andra faktorer utöver SDT och TPB som kan förklara varför människor tränar olika mycket. / Exercise entails both physical and mental health benefits. Despite this being common knowledge, people differ in the amount of exercise performed and some even exercise insufficiently. In the present study Self-Determination Theory (SDT) and Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) were used to examine if factors within these theories can predict the amount of exercise performed in a week by people in the age of 18 to 30 years. Data from people that differed in the amount of exercise (n= 196, Mage= 24.94, SD= 2.69) was gathered through an electronic survey consisting of questions regarding exercise, Behavioral Regulations in Exercise Questionnaire (BREQ-3) and Theory of Planned Behavior Questionnaire. Multiple regression analysis was used to examine to what extent SDT, TPB and a combination of these were able to predict the amount of exercise. Results showed that SDT and TPB, both together and on their own, explained a significant amount of the variance in the amount of exercise performed and that autonomous motivation from SDT and perceived behavioral control from TPB were the best predictors for the amount of exercise performed. This suggests that the experience of exercise being easy, joyful and an integrated part of the self, predicts a high amount of exercise. Future research could examine other factors beyond SDT and TPB that can explain the difference in the amount of exercise people perform.

The Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire is an internationally widely used instrument assessing different eating styles that may contribute to weight gain and overweight: emotional eating, external eating, and restraint. This study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the 30-item German version of the DEBQ including its measurement invariance across gender, age, and BMI-status in a representative German population sample. Furthermore, we examined the distribution of eating styles in the general population and provide population-based norms for DEBQ scales. A representative sample of the German general population (N = 2513, age > 14 years) was assessed with the German version of the DEBQ along with information on sociodemographic characteristics and body weight and height. The German version of the DEQB demonstrates good item characteristics and reliability (restraint: α = .92, emotional eating: α = .94, external eating: α = .89). The 3-factor structure of the DEBQ could be replicated in exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses and results of multi-group confirmatory factor analyses supported its metric and scalar measurement invariance across gender, age, and BMI-status. External eating was the most prevalent eating style in the German general population. Women scored higher on emotional and restrained eating scales than men, and overweight individuals scored higher in all three eating styles compared to normal weight individuals. Small differences across age were found for external eating. Norms were provided according to gender, age, and BMI-status. Our findings suggest that the German version of the DEBQ has good reliability and construct validity, and is suitable to reliably measure eating styles across age, gender, and BMI-status. Furthermore, the results demonstrate a considerable variation of eating styles across gender and BMI-status.

A principal axis factor analysis with promax rotation yielded four factors, or joint variations between the 20 items, that were inter-correlated with eigenvalues greater than 1. The ADBQ was also found to have high internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = .86). The four factors were used to form four subscales of aggressive driving behavior that included anger/aggression, speeding/minor infractions, overt expression, and judgment of other drivers. The four subscales were found to correlate with self-reported biographical and driver history data, as well as, gender differences across scales. Additional analyses were conducted using data from the present sample from the University of Central Florida (N = 285) and the data from the previous study from Old Dominion University (N = 230) and Michigan Technological University (N = 265) for a combined sample of 780 undergraduate students. The findings in this present study provided additional support for the consistency, predictive validity, and factor structure of the ADBQ instrument. The Aggressive Driving Behavior Questionnaire proves to be a valuable measure in predicting the likelihood of a person engaging in aggressive driving behavior. The implications for driving behavior assessment, training, and instrument development are also discussed.; Over the past decade, aggressive driving behavior has become a topic of concern among the public, media, and researchers in the psychological community. Aggressive driving is a problematic pattern of social behavior that is not only a leading cause to motor vehicle accidents, but a serious threat to public safety. One instrument that has been developed to assess aggressive driving behavior is the Aggressive Driving Behavior Questionnaire (ADBQ). The ADBQ is a 20-item paper and pencil questionnaire intended to measure a driver's likelihood for engaging in aggressive driving behavior. The ADBQ was developed using a factor-analytic approach that combined five previously developed aggressive driving behavior scales (Brill, Mouloua & Shirkey, 2007). Of the 81 items of the five combined scales, nineteen latent variables were extracted and accounted for 67.4% of the explained variance for the observed responses. The final 20th item was developed by splitting one of the latent variables. A previous study, conducted at Old Dominion University (N = 230) and Michigan Technological University (N = 265), examined the ADBQ's factor structure and internal consistency, and found relatively high internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = .77) and the identification of six factors using a principal axis factor analysis (Brill & Mouloua, 2011). The ADBQ was also tested in a controlled laboratory environment and found significant evidence that suggest the ADBQ is a valid predictor of aggressive driving behavior in a simulated environment (Brill, Mouloua & Shirkey 2009). The purpose of the present study was to further investigate the psychometric properties of the ADBQ. Based on a sample of 285 undergraduates (170 women and 115 men) from the University of Central Florida, the study examined the internal consistency, predictive and construct validity, and factor structure of the new questionnaire.

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The aim of this diploma thesis is to analyze a buyer decision process of consumers in choice of mobile phone operator with a focus on individual. The diploma thesis is divided in six parts. The first and second parts focus on theory of marketing of services with an emphasis on services of mobile operators followed by consumer behavior. Next part covers problems of mobile phone operator's market. Next key part is buyer decision process of consumers in choice of mobile phone operator based on secondary (agency) data and based on results from analysis of a questionnaire. A summary of acquired results is compared to all phases of buyer decision process in sixth part. Comparing of results for picked customer segment with actual offer of mobile operators in Czech Republic is at the end of this thesis.