This paper aims to explore and discuss the points found in published research articles addressing cellphone usage and addiction. The articles vary in their emphasis, methods, and conclusions, but all focus in one way or another on how the advent of cellphone usage has caused addiction in many cellphone and smartphone users. Many of these studies involve looking at college students and teenagers to see how addiction and cellphone usage has affected younger generations. The articles at hand include studies from many different parts of the world. Some of the studies focus on which smartphone activities are the most addictive, while some of the articles focus on addiction as a whole and its impact on the users. Many of the works done on this subject focus on how addiction to these devices compares to a traditional substance abuse. While cellphones and smartphones have had many positive impacts, these improvements do not come without psychosocial hazards and addiction potential. Society places a premium on the ability to better communicate and utilize cellphone technology, but do they truly know what costs these benefits come with?

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Indoor tanning remains a popular activity in Western cultures despite a growing body of literature suggesting its link to skin cancer and melanoma. Advances in indoor tanning research have illuminated problematic patterns of its use. With problems such as difficulty quitting, devoting resources toward its use at the expense of healthy activities, and excessive motivation and urges to tan, symptoms of excessive indoor tanning appear consistent with behavioral addiction. The present study bridges the gap between clinical approaches to understanding indoor tanning problems and behavioral economic considerations of unhealthy habits and addiction. Eighty undergraduate females completed both the Behavioral Addiction Indoor Tanning Screener and the Tanning Purchase Task. Results suggest that behavioral economic demand for tanning significantly differs between risk classification groups, providing divergent validity to the Behavioral Addiction Indoor Tanning Screener and offering additional evidence of the sensitivity of the Tanning Purchase Task to differentiating groups according to tanning profiles.

Millions of Americans engage in tanning each year, defined as intentional ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure in the form of sunbathing or the use of indoor tanning beds. An emerging body of research suggests that UVR has addictive properties and some tanners engage in excessive tanning. This article provides an overview of the evidence of tanning addiction and a systematic review of existing tanning interventions with the goal of evaluating their potential to impact addicted tanners. Our search identified 24 intervention studies that were summarized and discussed according to 3 primary themes. First, there is a dearth of tanning interventions that target excessive tanning or are designed as treatments for tanning addiction. Second, tanning interventions are primarily educational interventions designed to increase knowledge of the risks of tanning. Third, there are notable aspects of existing tanning interventions that are relevant to addiction science, including the use of brief motivational and cognitive-behavioral-based interventions. Future directions are considered including recommendations for utilizing the existing evidence base to formulate interventions targeting excessive tanners.

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Growing concern for the problematic use of video games has prompted new research in a now growing field of literature. Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) is a proposed behavioral addiction in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition (DSM-5). To examine the proposed criteria for IGD, a self-report problematic gaming behavior scale (PGBS) was developed for adults residing in the United States. One hundred eighty-nine participants completed an online questionnaire comprised of demographic items, general gaming information, the PGBS, and the Internet Gaming Disorder-20 Test (IGD-20 Test). Statistical analyses conducted at the conclusion of the study were consistent with previous research on the PGBS. Cronbach’s alpha was .908 for the 19-item PGBS, one item was removed to improve reliability. Exploratory factor analysis strongly indicated a 1-factor structure to the PGBS. Logistic regression models were fit to analyze the predictive value of the PGBS total score. The PBGS total score did not predict positive endorsement of any of the four outcome items.

Husitská teologická fakulta Univerzita Karlova v Praze Thesis Analysis of usage personal Computers and smart Phones by Adolescents Praha 2015 Mgr. Michaela Klimešová Annotation This thesis strives to grasp pitfalls of overuse of multimedia technologies by children of elementary and secondary schools in Czech Republic. The practical part is based on quantitative questionnaire and its statistical evaluation in program R. Key words Game addition, non-substance addiction, behavioral addiction, leisure time, school results Resumé The questionnaire in this thesis has around 30 questions regarding time of school children spent on digital devices - PC's, smart phones, etc. Further shortly DD. The data set has 156 children from last years of elementary schools and 157 children from first years of high schools (so called gymnázium in Czech Republic). The results consistently show that the more time a child spends on digital devices the worse has grades in mathematics and Czech language (the two main subjects). So the naive expectations of parents - the more PC, the more knowledge - is utterly misleading. The questionnaire cannot measure negative impact of time on DD up to two hours a day. There are some sex specific differences. Boys significantly prefer to play games. Girls prefer social networks. Boys has bigger...

This diploma thesis focuses on possible emergency of addicted behaviour due to Instagram usage. The number of users of this social network is constantly rising and the age limit, when children first come into contact with this platform, is constantly decreasing. Foreign experts strongly support the inclusion of this addiction among mental illnesses in ICD 10. In the Czech Republic, we encounter more controversial views on this disease. There is a lack of any extensive research to confirm the fact that this is really an addiction that affects the lives of social network users. The aim of this thesis is to prove or refute that this social network can actually cause addiction to its users. The theoretical part first deals with the origin of addictive behavior, the nature of behavioral addiction, what factors can affect addiction and how this addiction can affect the life quality of the individual. The research is focused on older school age pupils and adolescents. Because social networks are so diverse, the diagnostic interview is further specified only on the addictive behavior caused by the Instagram network. The results of the research survey showed the presence of all six symptoms in five respondents, which are necessary for the diagnosis of addiction. The significance of this social network in...

京都大学 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(理学) / 甲第25485号 / 理博第5066号 / 新制||理||1722(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院理学研究科生物科学専攻 / (主査)教授 明里 宏文, 准教授 足立 幾磨, 教授 今井 啓雄 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Science / Kyoto University / DFAM

The following diploma thesis deals, in accordance with its objectives and recommended primary literature, with addictive behavior in the Internet environment of adolescents, in the context of social services. The theoretical part resulted from the above mentioned primary literature, but due to its year of publication also from a variety of other up-to-date resources. The legislative frame and conditions necessary to diagnose addictive behavior. The social work with adolescents which has an addictive behavior on the Internet is primarily based on sector theories, but also points to multidisciplinary approaches. The empirical part, consisting of a questionnaire and subsequent analysis of the first grade, examines some aspects of adolescent behavior in cyberspace. The work is completed with a proposal for optimization measures.