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Testing for Osteogenic Potential of Human Mesenchymal Stem CellsLause, Gregory E. 23 August 2011 (has links)
No description available.
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Annotation, Enrichment and Fusion of Multiscale Data: Identifying High Risk Prostate CancerSinganamalli, Asha 21 February 2014 (has links)
No description available.
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Plasma Biomarkers for Ischemic and Hemorrhagic Stroke DiagnosisWalsh, Kyle B. January 2017 (has links)
No description available.
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Preliminary investigation of n-alkanes and alkenones in East Greenland lacustrine sediment: Implications for possible Holocene climate reconstructionsMergenthal, Zachary L. 11 October 2012 (has links)
No description available.
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Discovery and Functional Interrogation of Biomarkers Related to Therapeutic Response in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia.Miller, Cecelia R., Miller January 2017 (has links)
No description available.
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Use of blood parameters as biomarkers in brown bullheads (Ameiurus Nebulosus) from Lake Erie tributaries and Cape Cod pondsRowan, Michael William 14 September 2007 (has links)
No description available.
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Partition Testing for Broad Efficacy and in Genetic SubgroupsTang, Szu-Yu 19 December 2012 (has links)
No description available.
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Development of biomarkers for evaluating phosphate stress in Thellungiella salsugineaMansbridge, John F. P. 10 1900 (has links)
<p>Phosphorus is a macronutrient required for plant growth and reproduction. Insufficient supplies of phosphate will adversely impact plant growth. In an effort to supply adequate phosphate to crops, large quantities of phosphate-rich fertilizer are applied to fields but much of the phosphate can leach from the soil as run-off, impacting water systems. Therefore, proper management of phosphate and the development of phosphate efficient genotypes of plants are strategies needed for a sustainable agriculture industry.</p> <p>This thesis project focused on the development of biomarkers of phosphate stress in <em>Thellungiella salsuginea, </em>a plant highly tolerant to salt, cold and water deficit. Biomass determinations and real-time quantitative PCR were used to determine the gene expression of several genes selected as known phosphate-responsive genes from studies of phosphate starvation of the related genetic model plant <em>Arabidopsis thaliana.</em></p> <p><em> Thellungiella </em>seedlings were grown on 5 and 500 µM phosphate media. The expression of several genes (<em>RNS1, At4, Pht1;1, Pht1;4, Pht1;5, Siz1, PHR1, WRKY75, </em>and<em> Pht2;1</em>) were assayed for their response to media phosphate content. <em>RNS1</em> and <em>At4 </em>expression was estimated from cDNA prepared from shoot tissues while <em>At4, Pht1;1</em> and <em>Pht1;5</em> expression was determined from root tissues. In all tissue sources, significantly increased expression of <em>RNS1</em>, <em>At4</em>,<em> Pht1;1</em> and <em>Pht1;5</em> was observed under 5 µM phosphate exposure.</p> <p><em> </em>Two natural accessions of <em>Thellungiella</em> were used in this study with one originating from the Yukon Territory, Canada and the second from Shandong Province, China. Seedlings of both ecotypes were grown on defined media plates containing various concentrations of phosphate (0, 25, 125, 250, 500, and 2000 µM). For both accessions, the addition of as little as 25 µM phosphate led to significant increases in root and shoot biomass. Gene expression levels corresponding to <em>RNS1, At4</em> and <em>Pht1;1</em> were the highest in Yukon and Shandong <em>Thellungiella </em>grown on 0 µM phosphate media. The addition of 25 µM phosphate to the media was enough to significantly decrease transcript abundance of <em>RNS1, At4 </em>and <em>Pht1;1. </em>In a test using the transfer of Yukon <em>Thellungiella </em>seedlings from high (500 µM) to low (5 µM) phosphate the expression of <em>At4</em> in roots and shoots increased 30-fold over a five-day period and only <em>Pht1;1</em> expression increased in the roots over the same time period.</p> <p><em>RNS1</em> and <em>At4</em> share attributes that make them suitable biomarkers for phosphate stress in plants. Both genes are expressed in the shoots making it easier to remove tissue for monitoring gene expression, and both genes show readily discernible increases in transcript levels for determination by qPCR. At present, however, the role for their products in phosphate assimilation by plants is uncertain. This lack of knowledge is a deterrent to adopting these genes for widespread use as biomarkers. In particular, more work needs to be done to characterize factors that elicit their expression to test the specificity of their response to phosphate stress in <em>Thellungiella</em>.</p> / Master of Science (MSc)
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THE COMBINATION OF CARDIOVASCULAR AND GLYCEMIC BIOMARKERS FOR EARLY DECISION MAKING IN PATIENTS PRESENTING TO THE EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT WITH SYMPTOMS OF ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME / CARDIAC AND GLYCEMIC BIOMARKERS FOR EARLY DECISION MAKINGShortt, Colleen January 2017 (has links)
Chest pain is a common presenting complaint to emergency departments (EDs) and is a symptom of serious cardiovascular events such as myocardial infarction (MI) and possibly cardiovascular death. Early decision-making regarding patient disposition is crucial for early intervention and to avoid ED congestion. The Third Universal Definition of MI states that MI diagnosis be made using electrocardiogram (ECG) findings and/or a rise and/or fall in cardiac troponin (cTn) concentrations. However, patients with ECG abnormalities represent less than 1/3 of all ACS patients, leaving the remaining to be diagnosed using multiple measurements of cTn over several hours. I therefore aimed to develop a strategy to identify patients at low-risk for major adverse cardiovascular events (early rule-out), as well as those at greatest short-term cardiac risk (early rule-in).
In this thesis I present published work on the clinical utility of glycogen phosphorylase Isoenzyme BB (metabolic marker) in combination with high-sensitivity cTn (hs-cTn) to rule-out adverse cardiac events within 72hrs for patients presenting to the ED within 6hrs of ACS symptom onset. I further assessed the utility of metabolic markers using glucose in this setting. Preliminary results show that using a “healthy” hs-cTn concentration with a normal glucose measurement at presentation can be used to rule-out patients who present to the ED with clinical suspicion of ischemia.
Further expansion of this hypothesis demonstrated that an algorithm incorporating both glucose and cTn can effectively rule-in/rule-out MI or MI/cardiovascular death in patients who present to the ED with symptoms of ACS. In addition, presentation hemoglobin A1c identified previously unknown diabetes; which may have overall health implications for these patients. I also demonstrate that using glucose in combination with cTn is a cost-effective decision-making tool in the ED as compared to cTn alone.
Application of these rule-in/rule-out algorithms can improve morbidity/mortality rates, and alleviate healthcare burdens. / Thesis / Doctor of Philosophy (Medical Science) / Myocardial ischemia is a reduction in coronary blood flow that is insufficient for heart cell demand, which can lead to myocardial injury and cell death. Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) encompasses three clinical presentations of myocardial ischemia: ST-elevation MI (STEMI), non-STEMI (NSTEMI) and unstable angina (UA). Current guidelines recommend using electrocardiogram (ECG) findings and multiple cardiac troponin (cTn) measurements over several hours to diagnose (rule-in) or rule-out ACS in the emergency department (ED). However, given these recommendations patients may spend several hours in the ED, consuming valuable time and resources.
This project explores the use of glycemic biomarkers [e.g., glucose and haemoglobin A1c] in combination with cTn to rule-in/rule-out MI and other major cardiovascular events (MACE) to facilitate early decision-making in the ED. This thesis demonstrates that a combination of cTn and glucose at presentation is both an efficient and cost-effective tool for early decision-making in the ED.
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Metabolomics for Characterization of Dietary Adherence in Phenylketonuria Patients and Electronic Cigarette Smoke Exposure in Placental CellsWild, Jennifer January 2017 (has links)
Metabolomics is the systematic analysis of low-molecular weight compounds (metabolites) within biological systems that represent molecular endpoints of gene expression and environmental exposures. A major goal of metabolomics is achieving better understanding of the pathophysiology of complex disease processes while elucidating mechanisms of action of nutrients, toxins, and/or drugs. Multisegment injection-capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry (MSI-CE-MS) is a high-throughput microseparation platform that is ideal for the analysis of polar/ionic metabolites from volume-restricted biological samples. This thesis includes two major metabolomics projects using MSI-CE-MS that are aimed at contributing new advances in public health and chronic disease prevention. Chapter II presents an analysis of the metabolome from patients with phenylketonuria (PKU) — a genetic disease affecting phenylalanine (Phe) metabolism that requires lifelong dietary restriction to prevent irreversible intellectual disabilities. A targeted and nontargeted metabolomics approach using matching urine and plasma samples was conducted to confirm known markers of PKU and identify new markers associated with dietary adherence and disease progression. Along with increased excretion of Phe catabolites in urine, high plasma Phe was associated with decreased excretion of acylcarnitines and greater excretion of histidine catabolites, suggesting impaired fatty acid oxidation and micronutrient deficiencies, respectively. Overall, this may provide a strategy to objectively monitor dietary adherence beyond standard dietary records or patient recall. Chapter III investigates the impact of electronic cigarette smoke exposure on the placental metabolome as a model cell line of fetal development. Evidence of altered amino acid metabolism, in addition to changes in acylcarnitines and metabolites associated with cellular proliferation, were observed in more susceptible first trimester placental cells and were attributed to flavouring agents irrespective of nicotine dosage. This work supports the hypothesis that flavoured e-cigarette formulations pose a significant health risk in comparison to unflavoured formulations and supports the need for further risk assessment and careful regulation of these products to prevent deleterious birth outcomes in pregnant mothers. / Thesis / Master of Science (MSc)
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