Although some analyses of genocide in Brazil consider the intersectionality of race, gender and class, few address the ways in which heteropatriarchy and sexism also impact women’s experiences with anti-black violence and terror. In order to better understand anti-black genocide in Brazil, we must take into account black women's multiple gendered and sexualized experiences with this violence. As a result, this thesis explores black women’s experiences with domestic violence as a form of anti-Black genocide. This contention, through an analysis of my fieldwork in Rio de Janeiro and Salvador in the summer of 2013 as well as my engagement with Black Brazilian feminist theory, argues that domestic violence against Black women occurs at both a macro and micro level. Essentially, State violence against Black women is domestic violence writ large. Micro-sites of domestic violence against black women, typified by inter-personal violence, are not isolated manifestations. Instead, they are extensions of macro-state processes of domestic violence. In other words, we must read inter-personal violence against black women as part of the continuum of the state’s racialized, gendered, sexualized violence against the broader black community. / text

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) seropositive men on highly active antiretroviral therapy treatment (HAART) who experience lipodystrophy syndrome (LD), a side effect of HAART, rate themselves as more depressed than those who did not experience LD(Crane et al., 2008). Furthermore, men who rated their LD symptoms as more severe also scored higher on depression measures than men who experienced less severe symptoms. It is unknown these findings can be generalized to other groups of HIV positive individuals. The current study seeks to fill this gap in the literature by exploring the associations between LD, body image, and depressive symptoms in an archival sample of HIV positive Black women. This study aims to describe the body changes associated with HAART in a Black female sample and explore the relationships between LD, body image, depression, and quality of life. Findings supported past research indicating a correlation between depression and poor body image but did not indicate that body image quality of life moderated the relationship between perceived body changes and depression. Results expanded on the literature by indicating that perceived body changes may be more distressing to Black women with HIV than objective changes. Lastly, findings suggested that Black women may have inaccurate perceptions of their own body changes. These findings are particularly informative for healthcare workers who treat HIV+ women. It is imperative that they consider clients’ self-report as well as clinical symptoms.

MA, Industrial Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, University of the Witwatersrand, 2010 / This study explored the career barriers of black women in middle management through the application of Schlossberg’s Transition Theory. The rationale behind the study was informed by statistics that show that there are few black women in top management, a fact attributable to the double discrimination faced during Apartheid because of their gender and race. The two aims of the study were to explore any career barriers that these women may be experiencing or have experienced as they attempt to advance their careers to top management; and secondly, to explore the coping strategies that these women use to deal with the barriers experienced while attempting to advance their careers. In order to investigate the research questions, nine women who met the criteria of the study participated in semi-structured interviews. The study was qualitative in nature, and the interview transcripts were analyzed through thematic content analysis. The main themes were identified and presented under the 4 S’s: Situation, Self, Support and Strategy. What became apparent from the findings was that the participants were dealing with a dual challenge of gender and race discrimination. They were also dealing with role conflict and other barriers such as politics in the workplace and age discrimination. However, it was found that these women were proactive in confronting their challenges as they engaged in numerous coping strategies including education and social support to cope with the career barriers. Schlossberg’s Transition Theory proved to be an appropriate framework for exploration of the career barriers and thus the application of this theory had implications for theory, organisations and future research.

MSc (Med), Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 2009 / Introduction: Endometrial cancer is a gynaecological cancer that mostly affects women in their sixth and seventh decades of life. It is the fourth most common malignancy in women and ranks eighth among all causes of female cancer in terms of age-adjusted mortality. In developed and numerous developing countries endometrial cancer, as well as other types of cancer in women, is an ever-increasing threat that may be explained, among other reasons, by increased life expectancy and a reduction in fertility or birth rates. Conversely, in South Africa and most other African countries, the previous reasons do not exist, because there is a decline in life expectancy due to increased HIV, low income, and a high fertility rate. International epidemiological studies have established significant relationships between endometrial cancer and risk factors such as the woman’s age, race, early menarche and late menopause, parity, a history of breast or ovarian cancer, the use of endogenous estrogens, concomitant diabetes, family history of breast and ovarian cancer, estrogen therapy, obesity, and the use of tamoxifen. The aim of the study was to identify risk factors associated with endometrial cancer among black South African women. Method: The present case control study comprised black South African women diagnosed with a cancer in Johannesburg, between 1995 and 2005. The study included 592 women aged 27 to 90 years who were admitted to three main public hospitals in the city of Johannesburg with histologically confirmed cancers. 148 cases with endometrial cancer and 444 women with other forms of cancer were analysed. Only newly occurring cases (incident) were included. Women in the control group consisted of those with V cancers not associated with reproductive or hormonal factors, i.e. not cancers of the breast or the female reproductive system. Data handling, cleaning and analysis were done using Stata 9 (STATA). Results: Univariate analysis showed that the risk for endometrial cancer was significantly (P<0.05) affected by: miscarriages, the place of former residence, place of current residence, the use of snuff, wine consumption, age of the youngest child, diabetes, age of menarche, age of menopause, and menstrual status. Smoking was found to be a protective factor for endometrial cancer compared to other cancers. After multivariate adjustment, endometrial cancer risk was significantly (P<0, 05) associated with miscarriages, age at menarche, and earlier completion of childbearing. Smoking remained a protective factor against endometrial cancer. Conclusion: The current study reports similar results to those observed in other international investigations. The risk of endometrial cancer was higher among women who were older, women who experienced miscarriages, and those who fell pregnant early in their reproductive lives. Smoking was a protective factor against endometrial cancer compared to other cancers. However, comparing the cases of endometrial cancer with smoking-associated cancer controls (i.e. lung cancer, oesophageal cancer, and mouth cancer) might have distorted the results. A more appropriate control group for confirming the relationship between smoking and endometrial cancer would be subjects with no cancer. Also, it will be important to evaluate the risk factors for cancer among the other race groups in South Africa.

Thesis (M. A.(English Studies)) -- University of Limpopo, 2001 / Refer to document

Thesis (M.Ed.)--York University, 2006. Graduate Programme in Education. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 128-133). Also available on the Internet. MODE OF ACCESS via web browser by entering the following URL: http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:MR29564

Thesis (Ph. D.)--York University, 2000. Graduate Programme in Sociology. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 393-406). Also available on the Internet. MODE OF ACCESS via web browser by entering the following URL: http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/yorku/fullcit?pNQ59130.

How do you address the continued prevalence of black women’s sexuality as commodifiable, censured, and coveted in mass culture? Chasing Afrodite offers one answer to this question through examining explicit cinematic performances of black women’s sexuality in mass media. This project deploys Nicole R. Fleetwood’s performative of “excess flesh” within one of the most visceral mediums proffering authentic renderings of black women’s sexuality: film. Through an analysis of two distinct films featuring non-simulated sexual performances by black women—Afrodite Superstar (dir. Abiola Abrams, 2007) and Ashley and Kisha: Finding the Right Fit (dir. Tony Comstock, 2007)—Chasing Afrodite explores the contradictions and contentions that still make public enactments of sex by black bodies so problematic. Though the directors and participants in both films eschew the label of pornography in favor of erotica or other less pejorative terms, their larger reception places them in a precarious place amongst other films with explicit sexual content. The women in these films refuse to unhinge hypersexuality from blackness and refract the dominant gaze by displaying their desires for a viewing audience. In doing so, their labor in these films intervenes in common discussions in black, feminist, and film studies that assume these images are inherently degrading. / text

Health research and services are dominated by a biomedical model which understands health as the absence of disease in the physical body. The dominance of this approach has resulted in the absence, silence and refutation of lay perspectives on health, particularly those of visible minority groups. Using qualitative interview methods, this study provides an avenue to hear the voices and stories of church-going, low-income Black women who live in Toronto, Canada. Analysis of the data shows that for this group of women, the meanings of health and the way it is experienced can be seen as an amalgamation of spiritual principles which holistically touches the various domains of their lives. The women in this study experience health as emotional, social, communal, personal, physical, material and above all in spiritual dimensions. These findings would be useful in guiding the development of meaningful and effective health care services that are sensitive to the diverse experiences of health. / Thesis (Master, Kinesiology & Health Studies) -- Queen's University, 2007-11-12 20:58:32.724

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