Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1981. / Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 296-307).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1948. / Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 50-52).

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1964. / eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Bibliography: l. 49-55.

Thesis--Wisconsin. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 311-320).

Thesis (M.D.)--University of Hong Kong, 1958. / Also available in print.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 2007. / Title from title screen (site viewed July 10, 2007). PDF text: 88 p. : ill. UMI publication number: AAT 3252440. Includes bibliographical references. Also available in microfilm and microfiche formats.

No description available.

M.Tech.

Platelets play an integral part in the blood clotting process. The normal platelet count ranges from 150 to 400 x 103/μl. To date, twenty-four platelet-specific antigens have been defined. Human Platelet Antigens (HPA) 1-5 and –15 belong to diallelic systems and antibodies formed in response to immunization against these antigens, following transfusion or transplacental haemorrhage, have been responsible for life-threatening conditions in which the platelet counts of patients are markedly decreased. This is due to the destruction of platelets by platelet antigen - specific antibodies in Neonatal Alloimmune Thrombocytopenia and Post-Transfusion Purpura and in some instances, Platelet Refractoriness. In these clinical situations, transfusions of platelets from random donors do not result in post-transfusion platelet increments. Ideally, a database of blood donors who have been HPA typed should be established. This database can then be used to search for HPA – compatible donors and matched platelet donations can be made available to these patients. The aims of this study were primarily to determine the HPA frequencies in the South African blood donor population and establish a register of HPA-typed donors. Secondly, the established frequencies would be compared to those of other world populations. Anticoagulated blood samples from one hundred and fifty donors from each of the four main South African population groups were obtained for typing of HPA 1-5 and –15 by the PCR-SSP method in order to determine their gene and genotype frequencies and establish a platelet donor database. Two methods of analyses were used to determine statistical similarities and differences between the South African population and a number of world populations (X2) and the degree of genetic distance between them (FST). Phylogenetic trees and Principal Components plots were constructed to illustrate relationships between populations. The HPA gene and genotype frequencies of the South African blood donor population have been determined. An accurate, rapid method of HPA typing has been validated and effective HPA matched platelet transfusions are now possible for the first time in South Africa. The gene frequencies of the White population have been found to be similar to those from European populations and the Bantu-speaking population frequencies compared favourably with those of other African populations. The population group of mixed ethnicity (Coloured) was shown to have unique frequencies and were not similar to any of those populations chosen for comparison except with the other populations in South Africa. / Dr. R. L. Crookes Prof. T.L. Coetzer Prof. M. Dutton

Factors affecting bone blood flow were studied in rabbits and dogs. A method for estimating bone blood flow was developed using the initial bone clearance of radioactive strontium (Sr⁸⁵) from blood. The method is based on Fick Principle and is similar to that used in estimating renal plasma flow from clearance of PAH or diodrast. The validity of the method depends on the efficiency of or Sr⁸⁵ removal from blood by bone as indicated by the Extraction Ratio (ER). This represents the proportion of the Sr⁸⁵ which has been removed from the blood flowing through bone. It was determined in 10 dogs by injecting Sr⁸⁵ and plasma dye, T-1824, into the nutrient artery of tibia. During the next 5 minutes, 87.3 ± 2.9% of the plasma dye and 20.21 ± 1.68% of the Sr⁸⁵ were recovered from the corresponding femoral vein. The Extraction Ratio calculated from the data was 0.764 ± 0.066 (SE) and is comparable to the ER of 0.90 for extraction of PAH by kidney. The high ER appears to justify the use of initial (0-5 min) bone clearance of Sr⁸⁵ as a measure of effective bone blood flow. Divided by the Extraction Ratio, the clearance gives an indirect measure of total bone blood flow. Using the above technique, the mean effective bone blood flow for 270 bones from 80 rabbits was found to be 9.60 ± 0.19 (SE) ml/min/100 g fresh weight, and for 46 bones from 10 dogs, the average value was 10.15 ± 0.61 (SE) ml/min/100 g fresh weight. Total skeletal blood flow was estimated to be 7.1 ± 0.25 (SE) % of the resting cardiac output in the rabbits and 7.3 ± 0.95 (SE) % of the resting cardiac output in the dogs. The nutrient artery of femur was found to supply 70% of the blood flow to the shaft and 1/3 of the blood flow to the ends. Blood flow to the ends of bone was significantly higher than that to the shaft. Various factors affecting bone blood flow were studied. Section of the sciatic nerve increased blood flow to the bones of the leg and foot, presumably due to interruption of vasomotor fibers. In contrast, infusion of epinephrine (2-4 micro-gram/ kg/min) reduced blood flow to tibia and humerus by 74-81% and sharply reduced calcium exchange between blood and the labile calcium storage pool in bone. Immobilization of the leg in a plaster cast for 2 weeks resulted in some decrease in blood flow in tibia and calcaneus but more prolonged immobilization (2 months) caused disuse osteoporosis in these bones and a relative increase in blood flow. The surgical problem of fractures of the neck of femur was studied, and it was found that such fractures reduced blood flow to the femoral head by 52-83%. This interference with blood flow may account for high incidence of aseptic necrosis of the femoral head associated with such fractures. / Medicine, Faculty of / Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Department of / Graduate