The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of dietary vitamin E reduction on blood cholesterol levels (LDL and total cholesterol). Eight healthy older adults between the ages of 40 and 60 volunteers were used for the study. Subjects acted as their own controls during the two week baseline period in which they ate their normal diet and kept precise diet records [three day diet recalls which were analyzed for vitamin E content using the Diet Analysis program (Food Processor version 8)]. A vitamin E reduction diet was created for each individual using the same Diet Analysis program. This vitamin E reduction diet was designed to significantly reduce the amount of dietary vitamin E intake of each subject while keeping calories relatively similar throughout a period of three weeks. Fasting blood draws and three day diet recalls were collected every week. Vitamin E intake, total calories, HDL, LDL, TG, and glucose values over the course of this study were compared with a one-way ANOVA using repeated measures. Post-hoc testing using Duncan and Scheffe comparisons were made to indicate any statistically significant difference. Significance was set at p<0.05 and all values were reported as x ± SEM. The averaged three day vitamin E intake was reduced by 55% (20.3 ± 2.6 mg to 11.2 ± 2.1 mg). There was no significant change in total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, or triglycerides from baseline to the conclusion of the study.The results suggest that short term reduction of dietary vitamin E has no effect on total or LDL cholesterol. / School of Physical Education

This thesis is based on a worldwide overview (meta-analysis) of prospective observational studies of blood pressure and cholesterol, involving a centralised collection of data on over one million individuals from 59 studies, which I have co- ordinated since its inception. Analytically, the aim has been to develop and to use appropriate statistical techniques to assess the age- and sex-specific associations of usual blood pressure and of usual cholesterol with cause-specific mortality. Since the data set is uniquely large, and because appropriate methods of analysis (with full account taken of the time-dependent nature of the regression dilution bias) have been developed and used, these associations have been established more reliably. An integral part of the methodological element of the thesis has been to investigate the systematic underestimation of associations between risk factor and disease that are obtained when only a single baseline measurement is used to assess levels of such risk factors (the regression dilution bias). The extent of this bias has been investigated in each study that had repeat measurements of risk factors during follow-up. One particularly novel aspect has been the emphasis on, and methods developed to account for, the regression dilution bias in several studies simultaneously and in an appropriately time-dependent way. This thesis illustrates the extent to which random error and inappropriate statistical analysis lead to misleading conclusions concerning the importance of blood pressure and blood cholesterol, particularly in premature death. Only by studying adequate numbers of deaths (136,000 deaths among 1 million adults during 13 million person- years of follow-up) and by using appropriate statistical techniques - taking proper account of (a) the regression dilution bias; (b) the full range of blood pressure and cholesterol; (c) the opposing effects of HDL.and the remaining non-HDL cholesterol; and (d) age at death - did it become possible to provide reliable results on the true relationships between blood pressure, cholesterol fractions and vascular and other causes of death. These analyses have demonstrated reliably that, as causes of IHD death in early middle age, blood pressure and blood lipids are three to five times more important than suggested by inappropriate analyses, with no clinically relevant inverse associations with cancer or other non-vascular mortality (except, surprisingly, COPD).

Thesis (PhD) -- University of Western Sydney, 2001. / "A thesis presented for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy" "November 2001" Bibliography: leaves 199 - 231.

Thesis (M.Sc. (Clinical Pathology))--Mahidol University, 1982.

Thesis (M.A.)--Northern Kentucky University, 2009. / Made available through ProQuest. Publication number: AAT 1465737. ProQuest document ID: 1827193801. Includes bibliographical references (p. 25-27)

Three cholesterol interventions were evaluated in a work-site setting to determine which was most effective in modifying physiological, behavioral, and knowledge measures related to total serum cholesterol. Of the 246 employees initially screened, 135 (55%) were identified as having elevated total serum cholesterol levels (>200 mg/dl) and were eligible for the study. Treatment consisted of either a six-session cholesterol reduction course requiring 30 days dietary monitoring, a six-session course without dietary monitoring, or an incentive only approach. Significant increases in cholesterol knowledge and dietary fiber consumption was found in both the education intervention with logging and intervention without logging groups. The results indicate that positive learning effects can take place in work-site settings and that such learning can lead to dietary changes that reduce the effects of high serum cholesterol.

No description available.

The effect of a 53% oat bran diet and a 30% pinto bean diet on hamster plasma total cholesterol (TC) and triglycerides (TG) was investigated. Hamsters were made hypercholesterolemic (average value = 206 mg/dL) and then fed one of four experimental diets, the hypercholesterolemic control (HC), an insoluble fiber (alphacel) control (FC), the oat bran (OB), or the pinto bean (PB) diet for three weeks, with the latter three containing 8.5%, 10.0%, and 7.6%, total dietary fiber, respectively. Plasma TC and TG were measured for each animal before and after the experimental diets. At the end of the experimental period, plasma TC levels of hamsters fed the OB diet (179 mg/dL) were significantly lower than those fed either the HC (203 mg/dL, p<0.05) or FC (221 mg/dL, p<0.001) diets. Plasma TG levels of hamsters fed the OB diet (200 mg/dL) were significantly lower than those fed the FC diet (358 mg/dL, p<0.01). Thus, it was concluded that oat bran significantly lowered plasma TC and TG in hypercholesterolemic hamsters, while pinto beans did not. / Master of Science

Call number: LD2668 .T4 1985 A37 / Master of Science

Prediction for future coronary artery disease (CAD) from high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and triglyceride (TG) measurements are based off of a single measurement that has been shown to be variable. To better determine risk for CAD based on blood lipids, studies in the postprandial state are warranted. To assess the reproducibility of TG clearance, 10 men underwent three trials of a 70g oral fat loading test with blood samples collected every two hours for eight hours. These trials were all scheduled at least one week apart. Men who had fasting TG concentrations > 250 mg - dL -' were excluded from the study. Each subject presented to the laboratory having abstained from exercise for 24 hours and alcohol 72 hours prior to the upcoming trial. Each subject was also provided with a standardized frozen dinner to eat the night before at a time which allowed the subject to be 12 hours fasted for the next days' trial. To specifically assess postprandial lipemia, TG concentrations were plotted against bi-hourly collection times to form a curve. The area under this curve was then calculated to determine PPL area. Itwas found that there was no significant difference in area under the TG curve (p = 0.25) for any of the three trials (1096 ± 168, 948 ± 105, and 995 ± 127 mg - dL -' - 8 • hr-' respectively for trials one, two, and three). Pearson correlations between trials were 0.79 for trials one and two, 0.82 for trials two and three, and 0.90 for trials one and three. Also, there was no significant difference in peak TG (p = 0.34) on each of the three trial days (167 ± 27, 150 ± 16, and 151 ± 19 mg • dL -1 in peak TG for trials one, two, and three respectively). Time taken to reach peak TG concentrations (p = 0.20) or time to return to baseline TG (p = 0.27) were not significantly different across three trial days. The men in this study reached peak TG concentrations in this study in 3.2 ± 0.5, 4.0 ± 0.4, 4.0 ± 0.3 hours respectively for trials one, two, and three. Time to return to baseline was 6.8 ± 0.6, 7.4 ± 0.4, 7.8 ± 0.4 hours for trials one through three respectively. Correlations between trials and the lack of a difference between trials using repeated measures ANOVA in regards to PPL area gives some preliminary evidence that some postprandial measures such as PPL area and can be reproduced across trials. However, the intra-individual variation was 19 ± 4% which provides no additional support for reproducibility of PPL. Additionally, results from this study, as well as all others pertaining to the study of reproducibility of PPL are specific to the protocol used and the method of interpretation. / School of Physical Education