Submitted by Edineia Teixeira (edineia.teixeira@unioeste.br) on 2017-12-18T14:07:00Z No. of bitstreams: 2 alessandra_santos2017.pdf: 7767565 bytes, checksum: 0e4c6d512fc332357ecb23d4a631cb5b (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-12-18T14:07:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 alessandra_santos2017.pdf: 7767565 bytes, checksum: 0e4c6d512fc332357ecb23d4a631cb5b (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-08-26 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Preterm birth provides modifications for both the life of the Newborn (NB) as family. Among these changes has been hospitalization in Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICU) due to the immaturity of organs and systems, generating the need for treatment and intensive care. Because of hospitalization, complications may occur or biological, psychological and social changes to the Newborn Preterm (PTN), which can lead to changes in Neuropsychomotor Development (DNPM). One way to minimize these complications is through proper body positioning premature procedure performed during routine care team in a NICU. However, a gap is evident as regards the PTN response during positioning correlating different positions during hospitalization, as well as the comparison between standard protocols and procedures routine in the NICU. Therefore, the main objective of this research was to compare the physiological, behavioral and pain responses presented by PTN subjected to a Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) body position with those in routine positioning of the NICU. Quantitative study, prospective, randomized clinical trial type, conducted from July 2015 to March 2016 with 30 preterm infants admitted to the NICU of a teaching hospital of the West of Paraná. The subjects were randomly separated into Unit Routine Decubitus group (URD) and Intervention Group (GI), on which it was subjected to previously validated positioning protocol and proposed in 2015. The variables analyzed in the study were: physiological characteristics (respiratory rate, heart rate and oxygen saturation); behavior (measured by the Scale of Brazelton Modified - EBM) and pain (scale verified by the Neonatal Infant Pain Scale - NIPS). The study sample consisted of preterm infants with gestational age for both groups predominantly between 28 and 32 weeks and birth weight between 1001 and 1499 grams, characterizing the sample as very premature and very low birth weight. Regarding the physiological variables it was observed throughout the procedure that the heart rate in URD remained lower compared to the values submitted by the IG; Respiratory Rate (RR) in the URD was higher when compared to IG and oxygen peripheral saturation values remained stable in both groups. The PTN behavior, by EBM and pain by NIPS, showed similar scores in both groups before the start of the procedure, however, significantly lower in IG during the intervention. It is pointed out then that the positioning SOP provided decrease in RR in scores of pain and behavior scales, when compared to the URD. It is believed that a standardized position in the long term hospitalization contribute to the proper DNPM. / O nascimento prematuro proporciona modificações tanto para a vida do Recém-Nascido (RN) quanto para a família. Dentre essas modificações tem-se o internamento em Unidades de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal (UTIN) devido à imaturidade de órgãos e sistemas, gerando a necessidade de tratamento e cuidados intensivos. Em virtude da hospitalização, podem ocorrer complicações ou alterações biológicas, psicológicas e sociais para o Recém-nascido Prematuro (RNPT), que podem levar a alterações no Desenvolvimento Neuropsicomotor (DNPM). Uma das maneiras de minimizar estas complicações é por meio do posicionamento corporal adequado do prematuro, procedimento realizado durante a rotina de cuidados da equipe de uma UTIN. Contudo, evidencia-se lacuna no que se refere à resposta do RNPT durante o posicionamento correlacionando os diferentes decúbitos durante a hospitalização, bem como a comparação entre protocolos padronizados e procedimentos de rotina da UTIN. Para tanto, o objetivo principal desta pesquisa foi comparar as respostas fisiológicas, comportamentais e à dor apresentadas pelos RNPT submetidos a um Procedimento Operacional Padrão (POP) de posicionamento corporal com aqueles sob posicionamento de rotina da UTIN. Estudo quantitativo, prospectivo, do tipo ensaio clínico randomizado, realizado no período de julho de 2015 a março de 2016 com 30 RNPT internados na UTIN de um hospital escola do Oeste do Paraná. Os sujeitos foram separados randomicamente em grupo Decúbito de Rotina da Unidade (DRU) e Grupo Intervenção (GI), em que este foi submetido a protocolo de posicionamento previamente validado e proposto no ano de 2015. As variáveis analisadas no estudo foram: características fisiológicas (frequência respiratória, frequência cardíaca e saturação periférica de oxigênio); comportamento (mensurado pela escala de Brazelton modificada - EBM) e dor (verificada pela escala Neonatal Infant Pain Scale - NIPS). A amostra do estudo constituiu-se por RNPT com idade gestacional para ambos os grupos predominantemente entre 28 e 32 semanas e o peso ao nascimento entre 1001 e 1499 gramas, caracterizando a amostra como muito prematuros e de muito baixo peso. Em relação às variáveis fisiológicas observou-se durante todo o procedimento que a frequência cardíaca no DRU manteve-se menor em relação aos valores apresentados pelo GI; a Frequência Respiratória (FR) no DRU apresentou-se maior quando comparada ao GI e os valores de saturação periférica de oxigênio mantiveram-se estáveis nos dois grupos. O comportamento do RNPT, pela EBM e a dor pela NIPS, apresentaram escores semelhantes em ambos os grupos antes do inicio do procedimento, porém, significativamente menor no GI durante a intervenção. Aponta-se então, que o POP de posicionamento proporcionou redução da FR, nos escores das escalas de dor e comportamento, quando comparadas ao DRU. Acredita-se que um posicionamento padronizado na hospitalização contribuirá em longo prazo para o DNPM adequado

Introduktion: Spirometri är en metod som utförs för att utesluta eller bekräfta en lungsjukdom. Dynamisk spirometri innebär mätning av lungvolymsförändringar över tid och omfattar både långsam och forcerad spirometri. Vid långsam spirometri mäts vitalkapacitet (VK). Vid forcerad spirometri mäts forcerad exspiratorisk volym på en sekund (FEV1), forcerad vitalkapacitet (FVK) och FEV%. Spirometri utförs i sittande position men den kan också utföras i stående position. Syftet med studien var att jämföra och se om det föreligger en signifikant skillnad för VK, FVK, FEV1 och FEV% vid dynamisk spirometri mellan sittande och stående position hos studenter utan känd lungsjukdom.  Material och Metod: Studien bestod av 21 frivilliga studenter med åldrarna 21-32 år, där 18 var kvinnor och tre män. Datainsamlingen utfördes vid Örebro universitet och variablerna som mättes vid undersökningen var: VK, FVK, FEV1 och FEV%. Mätningarna upprepades minst tre gånger i både sittande och stående position och de fick inte skilja sig åt mer än 150 ml. Ett parat t- test användes för att se om det förelåg en statistisk signifikant skillnad i mätvärdena mellan sittande och stående position. Resultat: Det parade t-testet visade att det inte föreligger någon statistiskt signifikant skillnad i variablerna VK (p = 0,19), FVK (p = 0,87), FEV1 (p = 0,37) och FEV% (p = 0,26) mellan sittande och stående position. Slutsats: Det föreligger ingen statistiskt signifikant skillnad för dynamisk spirometri mellan sittande och stående position. För att få en uppfattning om hur kroppsposition påverkar spirometri behövs en större population. / Introduction: Spirometry is a method performed to rule out or confirm a lung disease. Dynamic spirometry involves measuring lung volume changes over time. The dynamic spirometry includes slow and forced spirometry. With slow spirometry, vital capacity (VC) is measured. In forced spirometry, forced exspiratory volume of one second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC) and FEV% are measured. Spirometry is performed in a sitting position but can also be performed in a standing position. The aim of the study was to compare whether there is a significant difference for VC, FVC, FEV1 and FEV% in dynamic spirometry between sitting and standing position in students without known lung disease. Method and Materials: The study consisted of 21 volunteer students aged 21-32, of whom 18 were women and three men. The data collection was performed at Örebro University and the variables that were taken into account when performing it were: VC, FVC, FEV1 and FEV%. The maneuvers were repeated at least three times in both sitting and standing positions and they did not differ more than 150ml. A paired t-test was performed to see if there is a statistically significant difference in the measured values between sitting and standing position. Result: The paired t-test showed that there is no statistically significant difference in the variables VC (p = 0.19), FVC (p = 0.87), FEV1 (p = 0.37) and FEV% (p = 0, 26) between sitting and standing position. Conclusion: There is no statistically significant difference for dynamic spirometry between sitting and standing position. To get an idea of how body position affects spirometry, a larger population is needed.