Orientador: Renato Mazzonetto / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-04T05:20:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Silva_FabricioMoreiraSerrae_M.pdf: 19777334 bytes, checksum: d899078a1e3b8b446e2af4128bdc2219 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005 / Resumo: O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar clinica e histologicamente o comportamento da associação entre uma matriz óssea orgânica bovina (Gen-Ox@) e uma proteína óssea morfogenética (BMP) derivada de embrião bovino (Gen-Pro@), quando comparada com enxerto ósseo autógeno em cirurgias para levantamento bilateral de seio maxilar. Foram operados 10 pacientes não-fumantes e sem alterações sistêmicas, que necessitavam de enxerto bilateral do seio maxilar para futura colocação de implantes osseointegráveis. Em todos os pacientes, foi selecionado um lado como teste e o contra-lateral como controle. Após um período de 6 a 11 meses, foi realizada avaliação clínica da área enxertada e biópsia com broca trefina de 2mm, em região adjacente ao eixo do implante a ser inserido. Os espécimes foram armazenados em formol a 10% e levados para processamento laboratorial para coloração das peças com hematoxilina-eosina e confecção das lâminas. A análise histológica foi realizada por meio de microscopia óptica. Clinicamente, pôde-se observar que a qualidade e quantidade óssea formada no lado preenchido com enxerto autógeno apresentaram um aspecto mais favorável à instalação dos implantes, podendo-se observar uma formação óssea mais completa. Histologicamente, pôde-se observar um padrão de neoformação óssea diferente, com o osso autógeno apresentando um aspecto mais organizado. Com o presente estudo, pôde-se concluir que, clinica e histologicamente, o padrão de formação óssea das áreas enxertadas com a associação de osso heterógeno bovino e proteína óssea morfogenética bovina apresenta um trabeculado ósseo menos compacto e menos organizado do que o osso autógeno / Abstract: The present study aimed to evaluate clinically and histologically the behavior of the association between bovine organic osseous matrix (Gen-Ox@) and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) (Gen-Pro@), when compared with autogenous bone graft in bilateral maxillary sinus lift procedures. Ten non-smoking and systemically healthy patients who needed bilateral maxillary sinus grafting for the placement of osseointegrated implants were operated. In ali patients, one side was selected as test and the other as control. In a second surgical intervention, the implant placement was preceded by clinical evaluation and biopsy of the lateral sinus wall using with a 2 mm trefine bur, in the region of the bone wall created in the sinus lift procedure. The specimens were stored in 10% formalin and taken to laboratorial processing for hematoxicilin-eosin dying and section preparation. The histological analysis was performed through optical microscopy. Clinically, a better bone formation pattern could be observed in the side grafted with autogenous bone. Histologically, the bone neoformation pattern was different in both sides. In the present study, the association with BMP as a growth factor showed different results when compared to autogenous graft. With the present study, it was possible to conclude that clinically the bone formation pattern is better and more full when autogenous bone is used. Histologically, less compact and less organized bone pattern than with the autogenous bone were found / Mestrado / Cirurgia e Traumatologia Buco-Maxilo-Faciais / Mestre em Clínica Odontológica

Doctorat en kinésithérapie et réadaptation / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

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Orientador: Miguel de Arruda / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Eduação Física / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-22T02:26:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 SantiMaria_Thiago_M.pdf: 2291676 bytes, checksum: 48a475313bbf608c0f5803740ef89e51 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Resumo: A análise das variáveis de composição corporal, desempenho físico, estrutura óssea e de marcadores sanguíneos em diferentes períodos e situações em futebolistas profissionais, é um fator de extrema importância quando se busca a manutenção do desempenho, na perspectiva da carreira desportiva de atletas ao longo dos anos e na prevenção das lesões neste esporte. Os objetivos deste estudo foram: comparar a estrutura óssea dos jogadores profissionais de raça branca e negra no início do período competitivo; e, descrever e comparar os parâmetros hematológicos dos jogadores profissionais em função da posição de jogo e determinar a prevalência de anemia. Participaram desta análise 38 futebolistas profissionais, nas faixas etárias de 19 a 33 anos, pertencentes a um clube profissional da primeira divisão do futebol brasileiro. Foram analisados os indicadores da composição corporal, o indicador de desempenho físico, os indicadores de qualidade e quantidade óssea e os parâmetros hematológicos. O desempenho físico foi explorado no indicador de potência aeróbia (VO2máx), através do teste de campo específico: Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test nível 2. As variáveis que caracterizaram a composição corporal foram: Massa de Gordura (MG); Estatura (EST) e Percentual de Gordura (%G), através de medidas de massa corporal, comprimentos e dobras cutâneas. Os participantes foram submetidos ao ultra-som qualitativo das falanges da mão não dominante para se verificar a qualidade e quantidade óssea (AD-SoS e UBPI). Os parâmetros hematológicos foram analisados através de exame de sangue intravenoso em jejum. A experiência e o tempo de treinamento foram compreendidos na quantidade de anos de treinamento vivenciados pelos futebolistas. Os resultados encontrados indicam que os jogadores profissionais de raça negra apresentam uma melhor estrutura óssea em suas falanges da mão não dominante em relação aos de raça branca, e que não há diferenças nos parâmetros hematológicos dos jogadores de diferentes posições táticas, bem como não há prevalência de anemia nestes futebolistas profissionais / Abstract: The analysis of the variables of body composition, physical performance, bone structure and blood markers in different periods and situations on professional soccer players, is an important factor when we search the maintenance of the performance, in the perspective of sporting career of athletes over the years and in the prevention of injuries in this sport. The objectives of this study were: To compare the bone structure of professional's soccer players of white and black race during the competitive period; and, describe and compare the hematological parameters of soccer players during the competitive period on function of the game positions and determine the anemia prevalence. Were participated of these analysis 38 professional soccer players in the age range from 19 to 33 years, belonging to a professional club of the first division of Brazilian soccer. Were analyzed the indicators of body composition, the indicator of physical performance, the indicators of quality and quantity bone and the hematological parameters. The physical performance was explored in the indicator of aerobic power (VO2máx), through the specific test of field: Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test level 2. The variables that characterized the body composition were: fat mass (MG); stature (EST); percentage of body fat (%G), through measures of body mass, lengths and skin folds. The participants were subjected to qualitative ultrasound of no dominant hand phalanges to verify the bone quality and quantity (AD-SoS e UBPI). The hematological parameters were analyzed by intravenous blood test in fasting. The experience and the time of training were included in the amount of years of training experienced by the soccer players. The results indicate that the professional players of black race present a better bone structure in their phalanges in the no dominant hand in relation to those of white race. And there are no differences in hematological parameters of players of different tactical positions, as well as there are no prevalence of anemia in these professional soccer players / Mestrado / Biodinamica do Movimento e Esporte / Mestre em Educação Física

Thesis (D.Sc.D.)--Boston University, Goldman School of Dental Medicine, 2008 (Dept. of Periodontology and Oral Biology). / Includes bibliographical references: leaves 140-148. / Lysyl oxidases constitute a family of enzymes responsible for the formation of cross links in collagen and elastin. These enzymes have also been linked to pathological fibrosis. The importance of collagen in the structural and mechanical properties of bone led us to investigate the hypothesis that the absence of one or more of these enzymes could lead to a significant bone phenotype. This phenotype could resemble osteoporosis or diabetic bone disease. In addition, we tried to overexpress lysyl oxidase proenzyme in vitro. The ability to produce enough amounts of lysyl oxidase proenzyme and the ability to process it and activate it could facilitate the development of drugs that control its activity in pathological fibrosis. Bones from 12-week old mice (8 males and 8 females) with the compound genotype LOX+/-, LOXLl -/- were analyzed. 5 males of the genotype LOX+/+, LOXLl-/were also analyzed. 16 wild type mice (8 males and 8 females) were used as controls. μCT was used to analyze the trabecular and cortical bone morphology of both left femur and L5 vertebrae (n=5). The femora were subsequently subjected to mechanical testing using the twist failure in torsion. Right femurs (n=5) were used for histology and histromorphometric analysis. Tibia and fibula (n=5) were used for cross-link analysis. Two way factor ANOV A with post-hoc Tukey HSD test was used for statistical analysis. A P value of less than 0.05 was used to declare significance. μCT analysis of the trabecular bone in femur distal ... [TRUNCATED]

This thesis writes about biodegradable bone implants based on iron. The currently used metal-based implants have disadvantage in an often need of secondary surgery intervention to remove the implant. Therefore, there is a big research of biodegradable bone implants nowadays. In this work, iron-based materials with the addition of zinc and magnesium are being investigated. The produced samples have been immersed in a solution of NaCl and simulated body fluid, SBL. Subsequently there were regularly analysed changes of corrosion potential, pH, conductivity and also weight loss was watched.

At its primary level (nm scale) bone is a nanocomposite consisting of a mineral (hydroxyapatite) phase which gives bone its strength and an organic (type I collagen) phase giving bone its fracture toughness. Hydroxyapatite, (HAP) Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2, is the most abundant mineral in the human body. Bone tissue has a complex hierarchical structure spanning multiple length scales (cm to nm). Characterization of mineral composition in biomineralized tissues such as bone at their primary level, is very challenging and requires instrumentation with nanometer-scale spatial resolution. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) combines high spatial resolution with visual correlation of diffraction and elemental-composition data. Electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) is a sensitive technique used to probe electronic structure at the molecular level. TEM-based EELS is the only available technique that can provide information about the chemical and coordination environment of minerals with nm scale spatial resolution. Prior studies in our group has developed a method to create biomimetic HAP using biomineralization routes inside the clay galleries of montmorillonite clay modified with amino acids (in-situ HAPclay). Incorporation of in-situ HAPclay into polymer scaffolds and seeding with human mesenchymal stem cells has enabled the cells towards differentiation into osteoblastic lineages without differentiating media. Because of the importance of these materials for bioengineering applications, TEM-EELS was used to evaluate differences and similarities among HAP, biomimetic in-situ HAPclay, modified MMT clay, and β-tricalcium phosphate. Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI), also known as brittle bone disease, is an inheritable disease characterized by increased bone fragility, low bone mass, and bone deformity caused primarily by mutation in collagen type I genes and is expressed as changes in structure and mechanics at the macrostructural level of bone. Therefore the mineralization of HAP in OI bone and the molecular basis of OI bone disease makes this an interesting system for molecular-level investigations. Small changes in the valence band and outer electronic structures of the diseased bone have been revealed through EELS. These small changes observed in the electron energy-loss spectra of the OI bone appear to play important biological roles towards development of the disease. / National Science Foundation under Grant Nos. 0619098, 0821655, 0923354, and 1229417

The lack of detailed descriptions makes positive identification of individual bones of the human hand difficult. In some instances, labelled photographs and line diagrams depicting a few anatomical features are available in the literature while in other cases, unlabelled photographs and diagrams are provided. Textbooks generally describe each hand bone as having a head, shaft and base. The morphology of metacarpals is more commonly described than that of the phalanges. Thus, identification and siding of hand bones are rare, which excludes them from use in many forensic cases. Forensic anthropological studies also include the determination of demographic characteristics such as stature and sex. Parts of the human skeleton that are accurate predictors in determining stature and sex include the skull, pelvis, femur and tibia. Hand bones are often excluded from such studies due to their relatively small size and poor preservation. The aims of this study were firstly, to provide detailed morphological descriptions of metacarpals and phalangeal bones of the human hand; secondly, to develop regression formulae for stature using the hand bones and thirdly, to develop discriminant function formulae in which the hand bones can be used to determine the sex of an unknown individual. The study comprised 200 sets of hands of South African individuals. The results indicate that there are morphological features of individual bones of the human hand that can be used to identify and side them. Regression formulae have been devised whereby the length of a hand bone can be regressed to that of a long bone, which in turn can then be used to determine stature. The sexing accuracy, using the bones of the hand, is high for males and females. Average accuracies recorded were more than 80% in most cases, and more than 75% in all cases. Analyses of human hand bones can thus add valuable information when assessing skeletons of unknown individuals. / Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2010. / Anatomy / unrestricted

Background: Osteoblasts participating in the inflammation regulation gradually obtain concerns. However, its role in joint inflammation of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is largely unknown. Here, we investigated the role of osteoblastic pleckstrin homology domain-containing family O member 1 (PLEKHO1), a negative regulator of osteogenic lineage activity, in regulating joint inflammation in RA. Methods: The level of osteoblastic PLEKHO1 in RA patients and collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mice was examined. The role of osteoblastic PLEKHO1 in joint inflammation was evaluated by a CIA mice model which was induced in osteoblast-specific Plekho1 conditional knockout mice and mice expressing high Plekho1 exclusively in osteoblasts, respectively. The effect of osteoblastic PLEKHO1 inhibition was explored in a CIA mice model. The mechanism of osteoblastic PLEKHO1 in regulating joint inflammation was performed by a series of in vitro studies. Results: PLEKHO1 was highly expressed in osteoblasts from RA patients and CIA mice. Osteoblastic Plekho1 deletion ameliorated joint inflammation, whereas overexpressing Plekho1 only within osteoblasts exacerbated local inflammation in CIA mice. PLEKHO1 was required for TNF receptor-associated factor 2 (TRAF2)-mediated the ubiquitination of receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 (RIP1) to activate nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B (NF-kB) pathway for inducing inflammatory cytokines production in osteoblasts. Moreover, osteoblastic PLEKHO1 inhibition improved joint inflammation and attenuated bone formation reduction in CIA mice. Conclusions: These data strongly suggest that highly expressed PLEKHO1 in osteoblasts mediates joint inflammation in RA. Targeting osteoblastic PLEKHO1 may exert dual therapeutic action of alleviating joint inflammation and promoting bone repair in RA.