Berlin, Techn. Univ., Diss., 2002. / Computerdatei im Fernzugriff.

München, Univ., Diss., 2003. / Computerdatei im Fernzugriff.

München, Univ., Diss., 2003. / Computerdatei im Fernzugriff.

Heidelberg, University, Diss., 2005.

University, Diss., 2003--München.

Techn. University, Diss., 2002--Berlin.

(in English): The diploma thesis "It manages better on its own": Opinions on the reliance of robots in Bohemia at the end of the pre-March period is devoted to serf duties from the Enlightenment to 1848. Legal grounding in view of several important directions of political and economic development at the end of the 18th and the beginning of the 19th century. This work analyzes biopolitical, populationist, traditionally conservative and especially liberal attitudes of politicians. And he explains why discussions on other political directions probably could not take place in Austria. It also tries to show the degree of labor duties, which was different in different states of the Austrian monarchy. Most of the work deals with the years 1840-1846. I describe the uprising in Galicia, where serf and ethnic problems were mixed. The sources were mainly the works of Jiří Štaif, Miroslav Hroch, Václav Černý and Dieter Langewiesche, but I also mention a larger number of original sources, period petitions, legal analyzes and newspaper articles. In the end, on the character of František Brauner, I show what development of thought a lawyer with knowledge of documents, social and cultural conditions could have undergone.

Brown rice is a food ingredient which has high nutritious values. During germination, some nutritious and functional components are increased such as lysine, vitamin E, B1, B6, magnesium, calcium, iron… and especially γ – amino butyric acid. Enzyme activity will also change during the germination of the grains. The α – amylase activity of ungerminated grains is very low, only 34.91 UI/g. This is because the enzyme is hibernating and not activated. During germination, enzyme activity will increase. Submerge the Anhdao brown glutinous rice for 6 hours at 30oC in solutions with different pH values (2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0, 6.0). The results show that at pH 3.0 the activity of α – amylase enzyme reaches the highest value of 82.93 UI/g. After the submersion, incubate the germinated brown rice in unentirely anaerobic condition at different temperature of 25, 30, 35, 37oC. The result showed that at 35oC after 24 hours of incubation, the α – amylase activity reaches the highest value of 89.82 UI/g. Examine the dynamic of changes of α – amylase activity against time at 35oC, we can see that in the first 28 hours the α – amylase activity increased significantly. Highest α – amylase activity reaches 97.10 UI/g after 28 hours of incubation. In reality, people usually use enzyme from germinated grains for many food manufacturing industries. α – amylase activity increases during incubation, which can bring promising prospects for processing sugar syrup and prebiotics food from germinated rice. / Gạo lứt là một nguyên liệu thực phẩm có giá trị dinh dưỡng cao. Trong quá trình nảy mầm các thành phần dinh dưỡng và chức năng của hạt gạo lứt được tăng lên ví dụ như lysine, các vitamin E, B1, B6, magie, canxi, sắt… và đặc biệt là γ – amino butyric acid. Hoạt tính của hệ enzyme sẽ thay đổi trong suốt quá trình nảy mầm của hạt gạo. Hoạt tính enzyme α – amylase của hạt gạo chưa nảy mầm là rất thấp, chỉ đạt 34,91UI/g, do enzyme của hạt đang ở trạng thái ngủ chưa được kích hoạt. Trong quá trình nảy mầm thì hoạt tính của α – amylase tăng lên. Tiến hành ngâm gạo lứt giống nếp Anh Đào trong 6 tiếng, ở 30oC trong nước ngâm có pH khác nhau (pH 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0, 6.0). Kết quả cho thấy, ở pH 3.0 hoạt độ enzyme α – amylase cao nhất đạt 82,93 UI/g. Sau quá trình ngâm, tiến hành ủ nẩy mầm gạo lứt yếm khí không hoàn toàn ở những nhiệt độ khác nhau 25, 30, 35, 37oC, kết quả ở 35oC sau 24 giờ ủ hoạt độ enzyme α – amylase đạt cao nhất là 89,82 UI/g. Khảo sát động học sự thay đổi của hoạt độ enzyme α – amylase theo thời gian ở nhiệt độ ủ 35oC, kết quả cho thấy,trong 28 giờ đầu hoạt độ của α – amylase tăng mạnh. Hoạt độ α – amylase cao nhất đạt 97,10 UI/g sau 28 giờ ủ. Trong thực tế người ta đã sử dụng enzyme từ hạt nảy mầm cho rất nhiều ngành sản xuất thực phẩm. Hoạt độ của α-amylase sau quá trình ủ mầm tăng lên, có thể đem lại triển vọng sử dụng để chế biến dịch đường và các sản phẩm có tính prebiotic từ gạo lứt nảy mầm.

Cette thèse, intitulée Le pohète initié : Illumination et esthétique ésotérique dans l’œuvre de Gellu Naum, analyse trois œuvres importantes de Gellu Naum, le roman Zenobia, les proses La voie du serpent et Medium, ainsi que le rapport entre la poésie picturale de Gellu Naum et la peinture narrative de Victor Brauner. Les œuvres de Gellu Naum que nous analysons possèdent des points communs synthétisés dans la figure de l’illumination, qui signale l’existence d’un régime de connaissance refondé. L’illumination se base sur des théories ésotériques et surréalistes et s’ouvre également sur une nouvelle interprétation du sacré, dénouée de tout caractère religieux. L’illumination institue et entretient un climat mystique à travers les écrits de Gellu Naum et les productions plastiques de Victor Brauner et consolide en même temps leurs doctrines esthétiques. Pour Gellu Naum, l’illumination est le but suprême de l’existence. Elle a affaire avec la capacité de voir avec les yeux du dedans. Dans ce registre ésotérique, la possibilité d’arriver de l’autre côté, c’est-à-dire dans la part invisible de la réalité, stratifiée jusqu’à son niveau archaïque, est réelle et révélatrice. Selon Gellu Naum, l’artiste doit mettre son œil à l’état sauvage pour décrire l’état transcendantal dans lequel résident ses héros; ceci en essayant de contrecarrer un grave bouleversement historique, puisque le totalitarisme roumain a éclipsé à tout jamais l’espace de l’existence. L’écriture de Naum porte les traces noires de cette incidence néfaste. Pour Victor Brauner, l’illumination a une fonction initiatrice. Elle cristallise l’art du peintre et l’éclaire tout au long de sa quête identitaire. L’illumination entretient et provoque une catharsis aux connotations inattendues dans la production artistique, s’articulant avec une consécration de l’ésotérisme. Partant d’une perspective interdisciplinaire, la thèse se divise en trois parties, Le roman Zenobia et la question de la pensée illuminée, L’état transcendantal et ses variables ou De la logique occulte de l’écriture et Les expressions de la poésie picturale et de la peinture narrative à travers les œuvres de Gellu Naum et de Victor Brauner, chacune d’entre elles analysant la figure de l’illumination et établissant aussi les invariantes esthétiques des deux Surréalistes. Dans leur quête de nouvelles formes de représentations artistiques, Gellu Naum et Victor Brauner ont recours à un surréalisme essentiellement cognitif. Les deux font appel à la rationalité, à la lucidité accrue, ce que les Surréalistes rejetaient parfois avec véhémence. / This thesis, entitled The Initiated pohet : Illumination and Esoteric Aesthetics in Gellu Naum’s work, analyzes three important literary productions by Gellu Naum, the novel Zenobia, his writings The Serpent’s Way and Medium, as well as the relationship between Gellu Naum’s pictorial poetry and Victor Bruner’s narrative painting. Gellu Naum’s works analyzed in this study have many similarities synthetized in the trope of illumination. The notion of illumination is based on esoteric and Surrealist theories, opening an interpretation of the sacred devoid of religious substance. Illumination develops a mystical climate throughout Gellu Naum’s writings and Victor Brauner’s art productions and consolidates their aesthetic doctrines. For Naum Gellu, illumination is the ultimate goal of existence. It has to do with the ability to see with the eyes within, revealing a blinding and terrifying alternative to the factual world. Within this esoteric tone, the possibility of reaching the other side – the invisible, advancing deep to the archaic level – is real and revealing. According to Gellu Naum, the artist must reach the wild state in order to describe the transcendental state infusing his heroes. This perspective counteracts a severe historical turmoil, since Romanian totalitarianism severely abbreviated life conditions. Naum’s writings bear the dark traces of this negative impact. For Victor Brauner, illumination has an initiation function. It crystallizes the painter's art throughout his quest for identity. Illumination causes and maintains catharsis, with unexpected connotations in the art production. It articulates a form of esotericism that only rarely infuses the Surrealist movement in the West. Advancing an interdisciplinary approach, my thesis is divided into three parts: The novel Zenobia and the Notion of "Illumination Thinking" The Transcendental State and Its Variables or The Occult Logic of Writing and Expressions of Pictorial Poetry and of Narrative Painting in the Works of Gellu Naum and Victor Brauner. These chapters analyze the figure of illumination and establish the aesthetic invariants grounding the works of the two Surrealists. In their quest for new forms of artistic representations, Gellu Naum and Victor Brauner employ a mainly cognitive form of Surrealism. Both appeal to rationality, to cruel lucidity, which often Surrealists strongly rejected.

Cette thèse, intitulée Le pohète initié : Illumination et esthétique ésotérique dans l’œuvre de Gellu Naum, analyse trois œuvres importantes de Gellu Naum, le roman Zenobia, les proses La voie du serpent et Medium, ainsi que le rapport entre la poésie picturale de Gellu Naum et la peinture narrative de Victor Brauner. Les œuvres de Gellu Naum que nous analysons possèdent des points communs synthétisés dans la figure de l’illumination, qui signale l’existence d’un régime de connaissance refondé. L’illumination se base sur des théories ésotériques et surréalistes et s’ouvre également sur une nouvelle interprétation du sacré, dénouée de tout caractère religieux. L’illumination institue et entretient un climat mystique à travers les écrits de Gellu Naum et les productions plastiques de Victor Brauner et consolide en même temps leurs doctrines esthétiques. Pour Gellu Naum, l’illumination est le but suprême de l’existence. Elle a affaire avec la capacité de voir avec les yeux du dedans. Dans ce registre ésotérique, la possibilité d’arriver de l’autre côté, c’est-à-dire dans la part invisible de la réalité, stratifiée jusqu’à son niveau archaïque, est réelle et révélatrice. Selon Gellu Naum, l’artiste doit mettre son œil à l’état sauvage pour décrire l’état transcendantal dans lequel résident ses héros; ceci en essayant de contrecarrer un grave bouleversement historique, puisque le totalitarisme roumain a éclipsé à tout jamais l’espace de l’existence. L’écriture de Naum porte les traces noires de cette incidence néfaste. Pour Victor Brauner, l’illumination a une fonction initiatrice. Elle cristallise l’art du peintre et l’éclaire tout au long de sa quête identitaire. L’illumination entretient et provoque une catharsis aux connotations inattendues dans la production artistique, s’articulant avec une consécration de l’ésotérisme. Partant d’une perspective interdisciplinaire, la thèse se divise en trois parties, Le roman Zenobia et la question de la pensée illuminée, L’état transcendantal et ses variables ou De la logique occulte de l’écriture et Les expressions de la poésie picturale et de la peinture narrative à travers les œuvres de Gellu Naum et de Victor Brauner, chacune d’entre elles analysant la figure de l’illumination et établissant aussi les invariantes esthétiques des deux Surréalistes. Dans leur quête de nouvelles formes de représentations artistiques, Gellu Naum et Victor Brauner ont recours à un surréalisme essentiellement cognitif. Les deux font appel à la rationalité, à la lucidité accrue, ce que les Surréalistes rejetaient parfois avec véhémence. / This thesis, entitled The Initiated pohet : Illumination and Esoteric Aesthetics in Gellu Naum’s work, analyzes three important literary productions by Gellu Naum, the novel Zenobia, his writings The Serpent’s Way and Medium, as well as the relationship between Gellu Naum’s pictorial poetry and Victor Bruner’s narrative painting. Gellu Naum’s works analyzed in this study have many similarities synthetized in the trope of illumination. The notion of illumination is based on esoteric and Surrealist theories, opening an interpretation of the sacred devoid of religious substance. Illumination develops a mystical climate throughout Gellu Naum’s writings and Victor Brauner’s art productions and consolidates their aesthetic doctrines. For Naum Gellu, illumination is the ultimate goal of existence. It has to do with the ability to see with the eyes within, revealing a blinding and terrifying alternative to the factual world. Within this esoteric tone, the possibility of reaching the other side – the invisible, advancing deep to the archaic level – is real and revealing. According to Gellu Naum, the artist must reach the wild state in order to describe the transcendental state infusing his heroes. This perspective counteracts a severe historical turmoil, since Romanian totalitarianism severely abbreviated life conditions. Naum’s writings bear the dark traces of this negative impact. For Victor Brauner, illumination has an initiation function. It crystallizes the painter's art throughout his quest for identity. Illumination causes and maintains catharsis, with unexpected connotations in the art production. It articulates a form of esotericism that only rarely infuses the Surrealist movement in the West. Advancing an interdisciplinary approach, my thesis is divided into three parts: The novel Zenobia and the Notion of "Illumination Thinking" The Transcendental State and Its Variables or The Occult Logic of Writing and Expressions of Pictorial Poetry and of Narrative Painting in the Works of Gellu Naum and Victor Brauner. These chapters analyze the figure of illumination and establish the aesthetic invariants grounding the works of the two Surrealists. In their quest for new forms of artistic representations, Gellu Naum and Victor Brauner employ a mainly cognitive form of Surrealism. Both appeal to rationality, to cruel lucidity, which often Surrealists strongly rejected.