The demand for waterproof breathable clothing has steadily been increaseing over the past two decades. The technology for developing waterproof breathable textiles is focussed around two key aspects: The polymer membrane that is laminated onto the fabric to render it waterproof and breathable and the lamination technology with allows the proper adhesion of the membrane and fabric. Numerous breakthroughts have been made over the past two decades with regard to the development of new polymer membranes for clothing lamination. These membranes are however patent protected and expensive. This disseratation examines the use of starch as a modifying agent for the development of cheaper membranes that can act as an import replacement for the South African clothing lamination industry / Dissertation (MEng)--University of Pretoria, 2009. / Chemical Engineering / unrestricted

The aim of diploma thesis is a design project documentation of kindergarden in the construkction phase. The task was to design the most appropriate solution all of building structures in terms of construction and thermal engineering. The kindergarten will serve for education for children from 3 to 6 years old. In object are designes three departments. Individual departments are designes for total capacity 20 children. In the kindergarten there will lbe heating or preparation of only cold dishes. The kindergarten is designed single-storey with construct hight 4,25 m. Southern part of the building, where it is located ondividual departments, is designed breathable fasade. Zhe main entrance to the object is situated to the east side. Construction systém of the object is bricked from silicon-based porous concrete blocks. The roof is designed flat, vegetative. Filling of holes is made of wood-aluminum.

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Rapporten innefattar en jämförande studie mellan olika typer av membran och beläggningar.Främst sker en jämförelse mellan materialens förmåga att andas. Vattentäthet testas på nyamaterial och efter olika sorters nötning så som martindale, flexing och tvätt för att få en ökadförståelse för materialen. Verktyget som används i studien för att mätaånggenomsläppligheten är hudmodellen. Resultatet presenteras med ett Ret-värde vilket är enförkortning på Evaporative resistance of a textile. Metoden används för att på ett bra sättsimulera hur huden svettas.Projektet har utförts på Swerea IVF som är ett forskningsinstitut beläget i Mölndal.Hudmodellen är en av de senaste stora investeringarna på Swereas textil och plast avdelning.Resultatet av studien visar att laminat andas bättre än beläggningar, dock har bärarmaterialetstor inverkan på resultaten. Ett tydligt samband mellan grövre material och sämre andning harobserverats. Många av de material som testats i studien uppvisar god förmåga att andas, därbåde flera av de mikroporösa och hydrofila materialen uppvisar Ret-värden under 13, vilketinnebär mycket god andning. En delstudie har varit att testa hur materialens andande förmågaförändras vid lägre relativ fuktighet. Resultatet blev att mikroporösa material inte påverkaslika mycket som de hydrofila materialen som då får en sämre andning.Efter de resultat studien har visat kan slutsatsen dras att tunna laminat är att föredra då högånggenomsläpplighet är ett krav. Behövs däremot ett högt motstånd mot nötning kan etttjockare material med fördel användas, vilket dock kan leda till högre ångmotstånd.This report is a comparative study between different types of membranes and coatings, thebreathability of the fabrics being the main focus of research. The fabrics' waterproofness wastested on new materials and by abrasion including martindale, flexing and washing. The toolthat has been used to measure water-vapour resistance is the skin model. The result ispresented by a Ret-value, which is short for evaporative resistance of a textile. The method isused to simulate the sweating body in a realistic way. Swerea IVF is the research institutelocated in Mölndal where the project has been carried out. The skin model is one of the latestbig investments at Swereas textile and plastic department.The results of the study shows that laminates breath better than coatings. It is important topoint out, however, that the carrier has great influence on the fabric in question. In addition,the results indicate a relation between thick fabrics and less breathability. Many of thematerials that have been tested show good permeability to breath, including bothmicropourous and hydrophilic materials. Most of them demonstrate a Ret-value less than 13,which means very good breathability. Further tests also show how the breathability changeswith lower relative humidity, indicating that microporous materials are less affected thanhydrophilic materials, thus having a higher resistance to water vapour.The conclusion of the study is that thin laminates is to prefer when high breathability isrequired. If the demand is high resistance to abrasion, a thicker material is prefered, whichalso yields a higher resistance to water permability. / Program: Textilingenjörsutbildningen

The aim of diploma thesis is a design of project for realization of a building of kindergarden construction. Also there are solved suitable disposition for this purpose and design of a bearing structure with a respect to static and thermal part of documentation. Part of kindergarden is designed as day nursery. That means the building is used for care for children in age of 6 months up to 6 years. The kindergarden has three classes with overall capacity of 60 children. The day nursery part of the building has capacity of 12 kids. The building has two floors without basement, groundplan has irregular arched shape with structurally divided parts. A shape and altitude of the building is adapted to vertical alignment of a ground. The main entrances into the building are situated from two height levels of a slope. A residential rooms are situated from southeast to southwest. Part of the building is protected from north by adjacent soil. The structural system of kindergarden is timber. Structurally divided part of day nursery is a combination of hidden reinforce concrete skeleton and lime-sandstone masonry system. A ceiling structure is made of glue laminated timber system. Roofing of the building is solved as vegetational roof with a smooth connection to slope terrain by arched structure. A facade is made as breathable system of timber plates.

This master´s thesis deals with a draft of a health centre building in Chlumec nad Cidlinou. The centre is situated on a corner building site with barrier-free access near the city centre. The building is designed with simple functional lines ground on foundation strips with flat green roof. The perimeter walls, internal load-bearing and shear walls are from vertically perforated T&G block bricks. Internal non-load-bearing prefab walls are coated with plasterboard. Ceiling constructions and an attic are made of monolithic reinforced concrete. The building envelope is insulated with mineral wool. Most of the perimeter walls are coated with breathable facade made of lacquered galvanized lamellas and minor part of walls is compositely insulated and plastered with a scratched facade plaster. The health centre building is notionally divided into two masses with a three-storey west part and two-storey east part of the building. Both parts are mutually connected by vertical communication space with elevator looped by counter clockwise three-flight staircase. Ambulant health care will be provided in total 9 consulting rooms, 3 ambulant care offices and private clinic with 3 consulting rooms. Independent business of the commercial area and café provide the additional function. The master´s thesis also includes assessments in terms of fire risk, energy saving and heat protection, acoustics and vibrations, lighting and sunlight.