Bordetella bronchiseptica é um agente respiratório zoonótico comumente encontrado em diversars espécies animais domésticos como cães, gatos, coelhos, suínos, aves e equinos. As infecções em humanos ocorrem ocasionalmente, sendo descritas com maior freqüência em indivíduos imunocomprometidos, mas relatos de casos de doença em adultos saudáveis e crianças têm aumentado. O presente estudo teve como objetivos determinar o perfil de resistência antimicrobiana de cepas de B. bronchiseptica isoladas de cães, gatos, coelhos e suínos, caracterizar as cepas pela eletroforese em campo pulsado (PFGE), e comparar os resultados obtidos com os dados epidemiológicos. Foram avaliadas 145 cepas e estas apresentaram 100% de resistência a ampicilina, penicilina, espectinomicina, clindamicina, tiamulina e tilosina. Taxas de resistência superiores a 95% das cepas foram observadas frente a tilmicosina, danofloxacina e ceftiofur. Os antimicrobianos com menores taxas de resistência foram enrofloxacina (2,1%) e clortetraciclina (11 %). As cepas isoladas de coelhos apresentaram menores taxas de resistência que as de suínos e de animais de companhia. A caracterização das cepas pela PFGE permitiu a separação de acordo com as espécies de origem em diferentes pulsotipos. A caracterização do agente, principalmente no que se refere à resistência a antimicrobianos, será de grande utilidade para os veterinários no controle das infecções pelo mesmo em suínos, animais de companhia e coelhos, visto que os dados sobre este agente etiológico no Brasil são escassos / Bordefella bronchisepfica is a zoonotic respiratory agent commonly found in domestic animais as dogs, cats, rabbit, swine, birds and horses, Infections in humans occur rarely and have been described more frequently in immunocompromised individuais, but reports of cases of illness in healthy adults and children have increased. This study aims to characterize the resistance profile of B. bronchiseptica strains isolated from dogs, cats, rabbits and pigs and evaluate the strains by pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), comparing the results with epidemiological data. From 145 strains tested 100% presented resistance to ampicillin, penicillin, spectinomycin, clindamycin, tiamulin and tylosin. Resistance rates higher than 95% were found against tilmicosin, danofloxacin and ceftiofur. The antimicrobials with lower resistance rates were enrofloxacin (2.1 %) and chlortetracycline (11 %). Strains isolated from rabbits presented low resistance rates when compared with swine and pet animais. The PFGE analysis separated the strains according specie of origin in different pulsotypes. The agent characterization, mainly in relation with antimicrobial resistance will be of great help to veterinarians in control of infections in swine, pets and rabbits, since data about this bacteria in Brazil are rare

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Species of the Bordetella genus cause the highly contagious whooping cough disease in humans (B. pertussis, B. parapertussis) and related respiratory diseases in other mammals (B. bronchiseptica, B. parapertussis). One of the virulence systems of Bordetellae is the type III secretion system (T3SS) employed for translocation of effector proteins directly from bacterial cytosol into the cytosol of host cells. The T3SS protein BopN protein has been categorized as a Bordetella effector protein. Nevertheless, the homologous proteins in other gram-negative bacteria function in establishing the secretion hierarchy through T3SS and some of them block T3SS secretion in high calcium environments before bacteria-host cell contact has been established. In this thesis I examined the function of the BopN protein and the role of calcium ions in T3SS activity of B. bronchiseptica. Two independent methods have been used for determination of T3SS secretion activity. Addition of 2 mM calcium ions into bacterial media decreased secretion of the T3SS reporter, while no such effect was observed in a B. bronchiseptica strain lacking the bopN gene. Mass spectrometry data confirmed the inhibition of T3SS activity in the presence of calcium ions. Enhanced calcium levels resulted in decreased mobilization and secretion of...