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The aim of the present research was to gain a better understanding of the species generation and transport from enclosure fires. The species generation experiments were conducted with a half-scale ISO 9705 enclosure with three different ventilation conditions and heat release rates ranging from 50 kW to 500 kW. The transport study was conducted with a 6.1 m long hallway connected to the compartment in a head-on configuration. All measurements were performed at the compartment or hallway exit plane during the steady-state period of the fire. Measurements included species mole fractions of oxygen, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and unburned hydrocarbons, along with gas pressure (used to determine gas velocities) and gas temperatures. Species mappings performed at the exit plane of the compartment indicated that the exiting species are not spatially uniform. Horizontal and vertical gradients in the species mole fractions were observed for all ventilation conditions and heat release rates examined. Predictive techniques developed previously were applied to the data obtained in the present study and were determined to be inappropriate for situations were the plume equivalence ratio was not equal to the global equivalence ratio. A new methodology for predicting species levels at the exit plane of an enclosure was developed. The proposed methodology correlates the species yields based on the combustion within the compartment as a function of a non-dimensional heat release rate. The non-dimensional heat release rate is based on the fuel load and geometrical parameters of the enclosure. The present methodology in applicable to situations where a well-mixed uniform layer is not present and the overall global conditions are of interest. Species transport to remote locations was also examined. Experiments were conducted with the baseline ventilation at x = 0 m (the compartment/hallway interface) and three different ventilation conditions at x = 6.1 m (end of hallway). The three ventilation conditions consisted of the narrow, baseline, and wide doorways. Experiments were conducted for heat release rates of 85 kW, 127 kW, and 150 kW. The results from the tests indicated that, for over-ventilated compartment fires, the hallway and hallway ventilation had no impact on the species generation within the compartment. This allows the correlations developed from the compartment study to be applied to more complex scenarios. Differences in species mole fractions between x = 0 m and x = 6.1 m were shown to be a result of air entrainment into the upper layer within the hallway, which acted as a dilutent or as a source of oxygen for further oxidation reactions. For non-dimensional heat release rates less than 1.0, the reduction in carbon monoxide levels along the hallway was a result of dilution, while for non-dimensional heat release rates greater than or equal to 1.0 the reduction in carbon monoxide levels along the hallway was a combination of dilution and further oxidation reactions. / Ph. D.

The objective of the present study was to acquire a better understanding of parameters controlling the species generation and transport from compartment fires. The experiments were performed in a half-scale ISO 9705 compartment and a 6.1 m long hallway connected in a head-on configuration. The buoyancy driven propane fire was provided by a burner and a continuous gaseous fuel supply system. All the measurements were obtained during the steady state of the fire. The ventilation conditions were fixed and three different fire source elevations were studied for heat release rates ranging from 20 kW to 150kW. The species yields were obtained from performing detailed mapping measurements at the compartment and hallway exit planes. The measurements included local specie mole fractions of oxygen, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and unburned hydrocarbons. The local temperature and the local pressure (for local gas velocity calculations) were also measured. In addition, visual observations of the flow dynamic were performed through a window and the vents to give useful insights and lead to a better understanding of the combustion process. The data obtained from the species generation study was analyzed using previously developed methods. The method based on equivalence ratio was presented and determined inappropriate for the present study where the global equivalence ratio was not equal to the plume equivalence ratio due to the complexity of the fire dynamic taking place. The method consisting of correlating the species yields based on the combustion within the compartment as a function of a non dimensional heat release rate allowed qualitative conclusions to be made. The non-dimensional heat release rate was based on the fuel load and the geometric parameters of the compartment. This methodology revealed similarities in the species production between the three fire source elevations investigated. A correlation of the data was obtained based on experimental data. The transport of species to remote locations was studied for the three fire source elevations and fixed ventilation conditions. Species mole fractions and yields were obtained at the compartment exit plane (compartment/hallway interface) and at the hallway exit plane. The results were compared for various heat release rates and showed differences for some scenarios attributed to mixing along the hallway and oxidation reactions outside the compartment. / Master of Science

This diploma thesis deals with the project documentation for the construction of a new building of the fire station type P4 in Chrudim. The building is located on land lot No. 2412/7 and 2412/8, in the cadastral area of Chrudim. The house is divided into two parts; an administrative part with a room for firefighters and a garage, which contains the complete technical facilities of the station. The fire station is situated in the existing housing development of the town Chrudim, specifically in part Chrudim II. The administrative part of the building has two floors. On the ground floor, there are individual offices and a gym, including technical facilities. On the first floor, there are rooms for firefighters and rooms for their daily services. Next to the land lot, there is a local road of type III. The house is designed to respect the municipality’s territorial plan and the surrounding built-up area. The project documentation is elaborated in compliance with current building legislation, regulations, and standards. The house‘s profile is irregular, and the building has two flat roofs and a span roof. The system of construction is made of bricks and colomns. The building is situated on slightly sloping terrain.