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Recycled building materials : the likely impact on affordable housing in the Western CapeTraut, Michelle January 2001 (has links)
Thesis (MTech (Built Environment))--Peninsula Technikon, 2001 / The construction industry globally, contributes between 18% and 24% of the GDP, and
because of its labour intensive characteristics, contributes handsomely to total
employment, forming important backward and forward linkages with the rest of the
economy. Nevertheless, the extent and sophistication of these linkages crucially depend
on the relative development of the construction industry relative to the overall economy.
In the developing countries, these linkages are not very strong because of the use of
informal materials, which is not commercialised and whose opportunity costs are often
zero, and the huge imports of construction materials used in the modem sector of the
economy. However, whether in the developed or developing economies, the construction
industry is a major contributor to economic growth and development by providing the
necessary infrastructure that facilitates production, consumption and recreational
activities.
In fulfilling these activities, the construction industry generates huge wastes of which
only a tiny proportion are recycled and reused. However, in economies and countries
where adequate and functional housing is a problem mainly due to lack of affordability,
recycling and reuse of construction waste is a necessary prerequisite to enhancing
housing affordability in these countries. This is the current situation that South Africa
finds itself "''here because of its past history of 'apartheid', economic opportunities and
amenities were denied to the blacks. There is nowhere that this deprivation is more
pronounced than in the built environment sector where housing shortages and general
disamenities prevail. High levels of unemployment further exacerbate the situation, - -
which is a consequence of low skills and high illiteracy-rates. Thus, housing demand and
supply by this group of the population are most likely, on the evidence available, to fall
predominantly within the low-income housing category. Presently, all households falling
into this category rely on financial assistance from the government to facilitate low-cost
housing consumption because of pervasive poverty, which itself is due to the very high
unemployment rate, illiteracy, lack of skills and general deprivation: a legacy of
'apartheid' policies enforced by previous government. The dilemma however is how to
meet the huge housing demand within the limited resources available to the government
on the one hand, and on the other, to satisfy such demand without compromising the
environmental sustainability of the physical environment.
Thus, the thesis aims to determine ways in which the construction industry could
contribute to the sustainability of the carrying capacity of the biophysical environment
and enhance social sustainability by facilitating affordability through the possible
reductions to construction costs through recycling and reuse. By means of questionnaires
and detailed interviews, underscored by a qualitative research approach, the potential of
construction recycling and the possible contributions to environmental sustainability and
housing affordability are determined. At completion, it is expected that this work will not
only contribute to existing knowledge but would be of significance in terms of policy
formulation to construction industry practitioners, central and local government policy
makers, and other governmental and non-governmental organisations operating in the
area of housing.
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Painel de vedação vertical de tubos de papelão: estudo, proposta e análise de desempenho / Vertical sealing cardboard tubes panel: study, proposal and performance analysisSalado, Gerusa de Cássia 29 April 2011 (has links)
A extração cada vez maior de recursos da natureza e o grande volume de lixo descartado nos aterros sanitários alertam para a necessidade de se promover a reciclagem e a reutilização de resíduos para se gerarem novos materiais, inclusive, no setor da construção civil. Com base nisso e a partir de um estudo sobre as obras arquitetônicas em que Shigeru Ban construiu painéis de vedação com tubos de papelão, este trabalho desenvolveu uma proposta de painéis de vedação vertical de tubos de papelão e fez uma avaliação do seu desempenho estrutural visando a sua utilização no Brasil. Foram realizados ensaios técnicos para avaliar o painel de vedação vertical de tubos de papelão proposto, no que se refere à sua resistência mecânica e ao seu comportamento quando submetido às principais ações sofridas por um painel de vedação vertical. Também foi construída uma célula-teste para avaliar o desempenho técnico e estrutural do painel de vedação vertical de tubos de papelão proposto quando submetido a situações reais de exposição. Os dados obtidos em ambas as avaliações foram levados em consideração para verificar o desempenho geral do painel que se propôs, possibilitando concluir se este é apto ao seu emprego na construção civil no Brasil, e sugerir alguns usos e aplicações para o mesmo. / The increasing extraction of nature resources and the large volume of waste discarded in landfills call for the need to promote recycling and reuse of waste to create new materials, inclusive in the construction industry. Considering this aspect and from a study of the architectural masterpieces where Shigeru Ban built sealing cardboard tubes panels, this study developed a proposal for vertical sealing cardboard tubes panels and assessed their structural performance having in mind their use in Brazil. Technical tests were conducted to evaluate the proposed vertical sealing cardboard tubes panel regarding its mechanical resistance and behavior when submitted to the main actions suffered by a vertical sealing panel. A test cell was also built to evaluate the structural and technical performance of the proposed vertical sealing cardboard tubes panel when submitted to real exposure situations. Data obtained in both evaluations were taken into consideration to verify the general performance of the proposed panel, allowing to conclude whether this is suitable for being used in civil construction in Brazil, and to suggest some usage and applications for it.
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Application of ISO 9000 quality standard to a maintenance department of a construction material supplier.January 1995 (has links)
by Sitt Wing-leung William. / Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1995. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 64-65). / ABSTRACT --- p.iii / TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.v / LIST OF FIGURES --- p.vii / LIST OF TABLES --- p.viii / ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS --- p.ix / Chapter / Chapter I. --- INTRODUCTION / The Development of Quality --- p.1 / Rise of International Quality Standard --- p.2 / ISO 9000 Quality Standard --- p.3 / Significance of ISO 9000 --- p.5 / Maintenance Management --- p.7 / Project Objective --- p.8 / Chapter II. --- RESEARCH METHODOLOGY / Case Study Approach --- p.10 / Settings and Timeframe --- p.10 / Data Collection --- p.11 / Literature Review --- p.12 / Chapter III. --- MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT / Company Profile --- p.13 / Maintenance Department --- p.14 / Repair and Maintenance --- p.16 / Problems Encountered --- p.18 / Improved Operating System --- p.21 / Benefits of the New System --- p.28 / Limitations of the New System --- p.29 / Chapter IV. --- APPLICATION OF ISO 9000 QUALITY SYSTEM / 14Elements Applied to Maintenance Department --- p.31 / Implementation Process --- p.41 / Difficulties Encountered --- p.45 / Hints to Successful Implementation --- p.47 / Benefits and Drawbacks --- p.50 / Chapter V. --- CONCLUSION / Summary --- p.53 / Recommendations for Further Study --- p.55 / APPENDIX --- p.57 / BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.63
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Painel de vedação vertical de tubos de papelão: estudo, proposta e análise de desempenho / Vertical sealing cardboard tubes panel: study, proposal and performance analysisGerusa de Cássia Salado 29 April 2011 (has links)
A extração cada vez maior de recursos da natureza e o grande volume de lixo descartado nos aterros sanitários alertam para a necessidade de se promover a reciclagem e a reutilização de resíduos para se gerarem novos materiais, inclusive, no setor da construção civil. Com base nisso e a partir de um estudo sobre as obras arquitetônicas em que Shigeru Ban construiu painéis de vedação com tubos de papelão, este trabalho desenvolveu uma proposta de painéis de vedação vertical de tubos de papelão e fez uma avaliação do seu desempenho estrutural visando a sua utilização no Brasil. Foram realizados ensaios técnicos para avaliar o painel de vedação vertical de tubos de papelão proposto, no que se refere à sua resistência mecânica e ao seu comportamento quando submetido às principais ações sofridas por um painel de vedação vertical. Também foi construída uma célula-teste para avaliar o desempenho técnico e estrutural do painel de vedação vertical de tubos de papelão proposto quando submetido a situações reais de exposição. Os dados obtidos em ambas as avaliações foram levados em consideração para verificar o desempenho geral do painel que se propôs, possibilitando concluir se este é apto ao seu emprego na construção civil no Brasil, e sugerir alguns usos e aplicações para o mesmo. / The increasing extraction of nature resources and the large volume of waste discarded in landfills call for the need to promote recycling and reuse of waste to create new materials, inclusive in the construction industry. Considering this aspect and from a study of the architectural masterpieces where Shigeru Ban built sealing cardboard tubes panels, this study developed a proposal for vertical sealing cardboard tubes panels and assessed their structural performance having in mind their use in Brazil. Technical tests were conducted to evaluate the proposed vertical sealing cardboard tubes panel regarding its mechanical resistance and behavior when submitted to the main actions suffered by a vertical sealing panel. A test cell was also built to evaluate the structural and technical performance of the proposed vertical sealing cardboard tubes panel when submitted to real exposure situations. Data obtained in both evaluations were taken into consideration to verify the general performance of the proposed panel, allowing to conclude whether this is suitable for being used in civil construction in Brazil, and to suggest some usage and applications for it.
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Utilização da cinza do bagaço de cana-de-açúcar (CBC) em substituição parcial ao agregado miúdo em concreto não estruturalNascimento, Maria da Conceição Aguiar do 15 December 2016 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2016-12-15 / Brazil is the world's largest non-sugar-alcohol complex that has been expanding in
recent times, driven by the advent of bioenergy, exerting a leadership in all
segments. The residue generated at the end of the sugarcane bagasse milling
process is used for the generation of energy by burning in boilers. At the end of the
burning as residual ash are released into the environment inadequately, and may
cause environmental problems due to the generation of waste as a sugarcane
bagasse ash. The interest of the research is to justify the demand through a job offer
from the sugarcane bagasse ash (CBC) in concrete structures, due to the large
volume of generation and the concern with the environment. The objective of this
research is to evaluate the performance of the conventional contract made of sugar
cane residues proved from mills. The results were reported with a 0%, 20% and 40%
substitution of natural sand by BCC, where this mixture may contribute to a
compound more difficult than conventional concrete. It is also concluded that
although the use of CBC has not significantly reduced the final value of m³ of
concrete, the gain in relation to the mechanical performance was higher. It can be
concluded that the specimens produced have obtained sufficient mechanical strength
to be dismantled, transported and conditioned prior to use, in the same way as the
referents. / O Brasil é o maior produtor mundial no complexo sucroalcooleiro que vem se
expandindo nos últimos tempos, impulsionado pelo advento da bioenergia,
exercendo a liderança em todos os segmentos. O resíduo gerado ao final do
processo de moagem do bagaço da cana-de-açúcar é utilizado para a geração de
energia por meio da queima em caldeiras. Ao final da queima as cinzas residuais
são lançadas no meio ambiente de forma inadequada, podendo causar problemas
ambientais em decorrência da geração de resíduos como a cinza do bagaço de
cana-de-açúcar. O interesse desta pesquisa justifica-se pela necessidade de se
avaliar a possibilidade do emprego da cinza do bagaço da cana-de-açúcar (CBC) em
estruturas de concreto, devido ao grande volume de geração e a preocupação com o
meio ambiente. O objetivo desta pesquisa é avaliar o desempenho do concreto
convencional confeccionado de resíduos de cana-de-açúcar proveniente de usinas.
Os resultados foram apresentados com a substituição de 0%, 20% e 40% da areia
natural por CBC, onde essa mistura pode contribuir para um composto mais durável
que o concreto convencional. Conclui-se, também, que apesar do uso da CBC não
ter diminuído significativamente o valor final do m3 do concreto, o ganho em relação
ao desempenho mecânico foi maior. Pode-se concluir que os corpos-de-prova
produzidos obtiveram resistência mecânica suficiente para serem desmoldados,
transportados e acondicionados antes do uso, da mesma forma que os de
referência.
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Natural building in South Africa : assessing the niche-regime relationship through a 'latent niche' mediationO'Rourke, Eamonn Christopher 04 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2015. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: In this thesis I examine the natural building movement in South Africa in an attempt to
determine the systemic influences that appear to confine it to a small market operating
at the very edge of the mainstream building sector. I make use of the conceptual
framework of the multi-level perspective to explore the interrelationships between
natural building as a technological niche and the mainstream building sector as the
dominant regime. I extend the concept of a technological niche by appending the term
'latent' to form the term 'latent technological niche', to describe a technology with
sustainability credentials that fails to break into the mainstream market, despite
achieving technological maturity and constant though minimal market share.
The research objectives of this thesis are to: identify pathways for the natural building
niche to move beyond its latent state; to determine how the translations of natural
building practices to the building sector might occur; and how this might transform the
building sector regime. I explore how action research involving knowledge sharing
between multi-stakeholder, niche and regime actors might stimulate debate and
subsequent action to overcome entry barriers; and serve as a catalyst to advance a
latent technological niche beyond its confined market. I present an action research
method, a 'latent technological mediation', of facilitated 1st and 2nd order social learning.
This is used as a mechanism of tapping into the immediate knowledge of actors in the
socio-technical regime. The purpose being to identify the external forces and internal
processes of a latent technological niche. The status of a latent technological niche is assessed by comparing these processes in
the context of external forces against seven processes, presented in this thesis. These
seven processes are considered crucial for a technology to break into the mainstream
market and are adapted from the internal processes of success, described in the
literature on strategic niche management and the characteristics of a successful
'bounded socio-technical experiment' (BSTE) described in the conceptual work on
BSTE's. The potential for natural building systems to enter the mainstream building
sector, particularly in South Africa, is used as a case study to apply the latent
technological mediation method.
The findings of this research suggest that the mainstream building sector is undergoing
a transition following the path of socio-techical transformation. The uncertainty
introduced by the parallel system of informal settlement, which may drive transition
along the more dramatic technological substitution or de-alignment and re-alignment
transition pathways is briefly explored. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: In hierdie tesis ondersoek ek die natuurlike gebou beweging in Suid-Afrika in 'n poging
om die sistemiese invloede te bepaal, wat neig om dit te beperk tot 'n klein mark teen
die rand van die hoofstroom gebou sektor. Ek maak gebruik van die konseptuele
raamwerk van die multi-vlak perspektief om die onderlinge verband tussen natuurlike
geboue, as 'n tegnologiese nis, en die hoofstroom gebou sektor, as die dominante
regime, te verken. Ek brei die konsep van 'n tegnologiese nis uit, deur die aanbring
van die word 'latente' om die term 'latente tegnologiese nis' te vorm. 'n Latente
tegnologie nis het volhoubaarheid potensiaal maar slaag nie daarin om in die
hoofstroom mark in te breek nie, ten spyte van die bereiking van tegnologiese
volwassenheid en 'n konstante maar minimale mark aandeel.
Die navorsing doelwitte van hierdie tesis is om: roetes te identifiseer waarlangs die
natuurlike gebou nis buite sy latente toestand kan beweeg; om te bepaal hoe die
'vertalings' van natuurlike gebou praktyke aan die gebou sektor kan voorkom; en hoe
dit die gebou sektor regime kan verander. Ek bestudeer hoe aksie navorsing waarby
kennis tussen verskeie belanghebbendes, nis en regime betrokkenes gedeel is, kan
debatteer en die daaropvolgende aksie stimuleer inskrywing hindernisse te oorkom; en
dien as 'n katalisator om 'n latente tegnologiese nis te bevorder buite sy beperkte mark.
Ek bied 'n aksie-navorsing metode, 'n 'latente tegnologiese bemiddeling' van
gefasiliteerde 1st en 2de order sosiale leerervaring aan. Dit dien as 'n meganisme van
deling in die onmiddellike kennis van die spelers in die sosio-tegniese regime. Die doel
is om die eksterne kragte en interne prosesse van 'n latente tegnologiese nis te
identifiseer.
Die status van 'n latente tegnologiese nis is beoordeel deur hierdie prosesse te
vergelyk in die konteks van eksterne kragte teen sewe prosesse, wat in hierdie tesis
aangebied is. Hierdie sewe prosesse word beskou as noodsaaklik vir 'n tegnologie om
in die hoofstroom mark in te breek en is aangepas uit die interne prosesse van sukses,
soos beskryf in die literatuur oor strategiese nis bestuur en die eienskappe van 'n
suksesvolle 'begrensde sosio-tegniese eksperiment' (BSTE) beskryf in die konseptuele
literatuur oor BSTE. Die potensiaal vir natuurlike gebou stelsels om die hoofstroom
gebou sektor te betree, veral in Suid-Afrika, word gebruik as 'n gevallestudie om die
latente tegnologiese bemiddeling metode toe te pas.
Die bevindinge van die navorsing dui daarop dat die hoofstroom gebou sektor 'n
verandering ondergaan op die pad van n sosio-tegniese transformasie. Die
onsekerheid veroorsaak deur die parallelle informele nedersetting, wat 'n meer
dramatiese tegnologiese substitusie, of ontsporing en herbelyning kan veroorsaak,
word kortliks ondersoek.
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A life-cycle assessment of concrete in Hong Kong: the consumption and disposal of concrete materials andthe environmental criteria and factors regarding its production, useand disposalBezy, Susana Elizabeth. January 1995 (has links)
published_or_final_version / Environmental Management / Master / Master of Science in Environmental Management
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Reduction of timber use in the Hong Kong construction industry to mitigate severe deforestation in tropical forests in Southeast AsiaNg, Pui-ling, Anna Laura., 吳佩玲. January 2000 (has links)
published_or_final_version / Urban Planning / Master / Master of Science in Urban Planning
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Earthquake protection of low-to-medium-rise buildings using rubber-soil mixturesXu, Xuan, 许旋 January 2009 (has links)
published_or_final_version / Civil Engineering / Master / Master of Philosophy
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Offshore aggregate extraction in the Prince Rupert area of British ColumbiaGood, Thomas Milton 10 April 2008 (has links)
No description available.
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