Zugl.: Marburg, Univ., Diss., 2005 u.d.T.: Stock, Christine: Robert Wilhelm Bunsens Korrespondenz vor dem Antritt der Heidelberger Professur

Univ., Diss.--Heidelberg, 2003.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin, 1922. / Vita. Bibliography: p. [85]-86.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin, 1922. / Vita. Bibliography: p. [85]-86.

Thesis (M.A.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1937. / Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 116-120).

Inaug.-Diss.--Leipzig.

This research project is a part of our endeavor to developing a new hydrogen sulfide (H2S) splitting cycle for hydrogen production. In view of that the Bunsen reaction is the key step for the overall efficiency, the objective of this research is to develop an effective and efficient process to carry out the Bunsen reaction in the presence of organic solvents. Organic solvents can help dissolve iodine crystal, lower the reaction temperature and reduce the corrosiveness accompanying the reaction. Through screening of the ordinary organic solvents, aromatic hydrocarbons stood out and toluene was used in this project.<p> In order to study the Bunsen reaction rate in the presence of toluene, the iodine solubility in HI solution was extensively explored at room temperature. Although the iodine solubility in water is small (0.3404g/L at 25â), it was found that the iodine solubility in HI solution increases greatly as the [HI] increases. At lower [HI] (0~0.238 M), the iodine solubility is linear to [HI] with a relationship of [iodine solubility] = 0.57[HI] + 0.0030; at higher [HI] (0.238 ~7.6 M), the relationship of the iodine solubility and [HI] conforms to [iodine solubility]/[HI] = 0.190[HI] + 0.58.<p> In the second part, the iodine distribution behavior between HI solution and toluene phase was studied at room temperature. It was determined that the iodine distribution coefficient (D = [I2]HI solution/[I2]toluene) increases as the increase of [HI]. At lower [HI] (0~1.89 M), the distribution coefficient has a quadratic relationship with [HI] as D = 1.4027[HI]2 + 0.8638[HI] + 0.0088; at higher [HI] (1.89~7.54 M) the distribution coefficient is linear to [HI] with a relationship of D=5.5937[HI]-3.5632.<p> On the basis of the above work, in a semi-batch reactor, the Bunsen reaction rate in the presence of toluene was measured. In a mixture of toluene and water, iodine prefers to stay in toluene phase. The Bunsen reaction was readily initiated by feeding SO2 into water phase. Experimental results indicated that the rate of the Bunsen reaction in the presence of toluene is equal to the molar flow rate of feeding SO2 when the iodine concentration is higher than a certain value. This specific value depends on the reaction conditions, such as the interface area between water and toluene phase, the dispersion efficiency and the flow rate of SO2.

This research project is a part of our endeavor to developing a new hydrogen sulfide (H2S) splitting cycle for hydrogen production. In view of that the Bunsen reaction is the key step for the overall efficiency, the objective of this research is to develop an effective and efficient process to carry out the Bunsen reaction in the presence of organic solvents. Organic solvents can help dissolve iodine crystal, lower the reaction temperature and reduce the corrosiveness accompanying the reaction. Through screening of the ordinary organic solvents, aromatic hydrocarbons stood out and toluene was used in this project.<p> In order to study the Bunsen reaction rate in the presence of toluene, the iodine solubility in HI solution was extensively explored at room temperature. Although the iodine solubility in water is small (0.3404g/L at 25â), it was found that the iodine solubility in HI solution increases greatly as the [HI] increases. At lower [HI] (0~0.238 M), the iodine solubility is linear to [HI] with a relationship of [iodine solubility] = 0.57[HI] + 0.0030; at higher [HI] (0.238 ~7.6 M), the relationship of the iodine solubility and [HI] conforms to [iodine solubility]/[HI] = 0.190[HI] + 0.58.<p> In the second part, the iodine distribution behavior between HI solution and toluene phase was studied at room temperature. It was determined that the iodine distribution coefficient (D = [I2]HI solution/[I2]toluene) increases as the increase of [HI]. At lower [HI] (0~1.89 M), the distribution coefficient has a quadratic relationship with [HI] as D = 1.4027[HI]2 + 0.8638[HI] + 0.0088; at higher [HI] (1.89~7.54 M) the distribution coefficient is linear to [HI] with a relationship of D=5.5937[HI]-3.5632.<p> On the basis of the above work, in a semi-batch reactor, the Bunsen reaction rate in the presence of toluene was measured. In a mixture of toluene and water, iodine prefers to stay in toluene phase. The Bunsen reaction was readily initiated by feeding SO2 into water phase. Experimental results indicated that the rate of the Bunsen reaction in the presence of toluene is equal to the molar flow rate of feeding SO2 when the iodine concentration is higher than a certain value. This specific value depends on the reaction conditions, such as the interface area between water and toluene phase, the dispersion efficiency and the flow rate of SO2.

Diss.--Fachbereich Evangelische Theologie--Marburg--Philipps-Universität, Wintersemester 1998/1999. / Résumé en anglais. Bibliogr. p. 312-342. Index.

Les moteurs à pistons utilisent en général l’air ambiant comme comburant. Cet air est composé principalement d’azote et d’oxygène mais aussi de vapeur d’eau. La présence de cette vapeur modifie le processus de combustion de façon plus ou moins significative. S’agissant des moteurs, l’addition d’eau modifie les performances et diminue les émissions d’oxydes d’azote. Cependant très peu de travaux traitent de ces effets. Ce travail a donc pour objectif d’étudier expérimentalement et numériquement l’influence de l’humidité de l’air sur la combustion et plus particulièrement sur le fonctionnement des moteurs à pistons. L’approche numérique, menée de front avec l’approche expérimentale, modélise une flamme laminaire de prémélange. L’outil numérique qui a été utilisé est le logiciel de calcul de cinétique chimique COSILAB® pour du méthane et de l’isooctane. L'approche expérimentale utilise deux bancs d'essais. Le premier banc est un brûleur bec Bunsen à fente qui a été entièrement conçu et validé au cours de cette étude afin de mesurer des vitesses de flamme laminaire. Une attention particulière a été portée à la métrologie et à l'estimation quantitative des incertitudes de mesures. Ces mesures obtenues à pression atmosphérique sur ce brûleur, pour une humidité spécifique pouvant atteindre 80 g.kg-1, ont permis de valider les résultats obtenus numériquement. Les calculs ont ensuite été portés à des conditions de pression et température représentatives d'un fonctionnement moteur. Un banc d'essai moteur recherche a été utilisé pour confirmer les tendances observées dans le cas des flammes laminaires. Les résultats obtenus montrent une forte diminution de la vitesse de flamme ainsi que des émissions d'oxydes d'azote lorsque l'humidité augmente. Par exemple pour une humidité spécifique de 110 g.kg-1, la vitesse de flamme chute de 55% et les émissions de NOX chutent de 70%. Les essais au banc moteur ont montré une augmentation de l'avance à l'allumage optimale et des émissions d'hydrocarbures imbrûlés lorsque l'humidité augmente. Ils confirment également la forte diminution des émissions d'oxydes d'azote ; par exemple pour une augmentation de l'humidité de 30 g.kg-1, les NOX baissent de 35% / Manquant