Esse estudo descritivo-exploratório e correlacional apropriou-se da abordagem quantitativa e teve como objetivo caracterizar e analisar o burn out de enfermeiros oncologistas , considerando suas relações com variáveis pessoais e ocupacionais. A população foi composta por 77 enfermeiros que atuavam em unidades de Oncologia clínica e cirúrgica de cinco hospitais do município de São Paulo. Foram utilizados, para a coleta de dados, três instrumentos: um inventário de dados demográficos e ocupacionais construído pela autora, o inventário de Burn out de Maslach e Jackson e o inventário de Coping de Folkman e Lazarus. Os resultados apontaram que 53,3% dos enfermeiros apresentavam algum sintoma de burn out, sendo 29,9% com alteração em uma das dimensões, 14,3% com alteração em duas dimensões e 9,1% com alteração nas três dimensões. Não foi verificada para a população estudada diferença estatisticamente significativa entre as variáveis demográficas e ocupacionais selecionadas com o burn out. Os principais estressores identificados pelos enfermeiros foram: o óbito, o relacionamento com a equipe médica e de enfermagem e as situações de emergência. Houve diferença, estatisticamente significativa, entre a dimensão incompetência profissional, o estressor óbito e a utilização do coping suporte social e fuga esquiva; e entre a dimensão desgaste emocional, relacionamento com equipe médica e de enfermagem e a utilização do coping fuga esquiva. Os enfermeiros utilizaram em maior proporção os estilos de coping resolução de problema e reavaliação positiva e, o estilo de coping menos utilizado, referiu-se à fuga esquiva / This descriptive exploratory and correlative study adopted the quantitative method and the aim was to characterize and analyse the burn out among oncology nurses regarding the relations with personal and occupational variables. The sample was represented by 77 nurses working in oncology clinical and surgical units in five hospitals in the city of São Paulo. Three tools were used for the data collect: a demographic and occupational inventory data made by the author, the Maslach and Jackson Burn out Inventory and the Folkman and Lazarus Coping Inventory. The results showed that 53,3% of the nurses demonstrated some kind of symptom of burn out, being 29,9% with alteration in one dimension, 14,3% with alteration in two dimensions and 9,1% with alteration in three dimensions. It wasn’t verified in this sample any important statistic difference between the demographic and occupational variables and burn out. The main stressors identified by the nurses were the death and dying, the conflict with doctors and the nursing team and the emergency situations. There was a statistic difference between personal accomplishment dimension and the stressor death and dying and the copings social support and escape. Also between the emotional exhaustion dimension and the stressor conflict with doctors and nursing team and the coping escape. The nurses used more frequently problem solving and positive reappraisal as coping styles, and the less used was the act of escaping

Thesis (D. Min.)--Midwestern Baptist Theological Seminary, 2007. / Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 213-218).

Thesis (D. Min.)--Midwestern Baptist Theological Seminary, 2007. / Abstract. Description based on Microfiche version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 213-218).

Esse estudo descritivo-exploratório e correlacional apropriou-se da abordagem quantitativa e teve como objetivo caracterizar e analisar o burn out de enfermeiros oncologistas , considerando suas relações com variáveis pessoais e ocupacionais. A população foi composta por 77 enfermeiros que atuavam em unidades de Oncologia clínica e cirúrgica de cinco hospitais do município de São Paulo. Foram utilizados, para a coleta de dados, três instrumentos: um inventário de dados demográficos e ocupacionais construído pela autora, o inventário de Burn out de Maslach e Jackson e o inventário de Coping de Folkman e Lazarus. Os resultados apontaram que 53,3% dos enfermeiros apresentavam algum sintoma de burn out, sendo 29,9% com alteração em uma das dimensões, 14,3% com alteração em duas dimensões e 9,1% com alteração nas três dimensões. Não foi verificada para a população estudada diferença estatisticamente significativa entre as variáveis demográficas e ocupacionais selecionadas com o burn out. Os principais estressores identificados pelos enfermeiros foram: o óbito, o relacionamento com a equipe médica e de enfermagem e as situações de emergência. Houve diferença, estatisticamente significativa, entre a dimensão incompetência profissional, o estressor óbito e a utilização do coping suporte social e fuga esquiva; e entre a dimensão desgaste emocional, relacionamento com equipe médica e de enfermagem e a utilização do coping fuga esquiva. Os enfermeiros utilizaram em maior proporção os estilos de coping resolução de problema e reavaliação positiva e, o estilo de coping menos utilizado, referiu-se à fuga esquiva / This descriptive exploratory and correlative study adopted the quantitative method and the aim was to characterize and analyse the burn out among oncology nurses regarding the relations with personal and occupational variables. The sample was represented by 77 nurses working in oncology clinical and surgical units in five hospitals in the city of São Paulo. Three tools were used for the data collect: a demographic and occupational inventory data made by the author, the Maslach and Jackson Burn out Inventory and the Folkman and Lazarus Coping Inventory. The results showed that 53,3% of the nurses demonstrated some kind of symptom of burn out, being 29,9% with alteration in one dimension, 14,3% with alteration in two dimensions and 9,1% with alteration in three dimensions. It wasn’t verified in this sample any important statistic difference between the demographic and occupational variables and burn out. The main stressors identified by the nurses were the death and dying, the conflict with doctors and the nursing team and the emergency situations. There was a statistic difference between personal accomplishment dimension and the stressor death and dying and the copings social support and escape. Also between the emotional exhaustion dimension and the stressor conflict with doctors and nursing team and the coping escape. The nurses used more frequently problem solving and positive reappraisal as coping styles, and the less used was the act of escaping

No description available.

No description available.

Doctor of Philosophy / Department of Geography / Douglas G. Goodin / Prescribed burning in tallgrass prairie affects a wide range of human and natural systems. Consequently, managing this biome based on sound science, and with the concerns of all stakeholders taken into account, requires a method for mapping burned areas. In order to devise such a method, many different spectral ranges and spectral indices were tested for their ability to differentiate burned from unburned areas at both the field and satellite scales. Those bands and/or indices that performed well, as well as two different classification techniques and two different satellite-based sensors, were tested in order to come up with the best combination of band/index, classification technique, and sensor for mapping burned areas in tallgrass prairie. The ideal method used both the red and near-infrared spectral regions, used imagery at a spatial resolution of at least 250 m, used satellite imagery with daily temporal resolution, and used pixel-based classification techniques rather than object-based techniques. Using this method, burned area maps were generated for the Flint Hills for every year from 2000-2010, creating a fire history of the region during that time period. These maps were compared to active fire and burned area products, and these products were found to underestimate burned areas in tallgrass prairie.

Investigations of tokamak dynamics, especially as they relate to the challenge of burn control, require an accurate representation of energy and particle confinement times. While the ITER-98 scaling law represents a correlation of data from a wide range of tokamaks, confinement scaling laws will need to be fine-tuned to specific operational features of specific tokamaks in the future. A methodology for developing, by regression analysis, tokamak- and configuration-specific confinement tuning models is presented and applied to DIII-D as an illustration. It is shown that inclusion of tuning parameters in the confinement models can significantly enhance the agreement between simulated and experimental temperatures relative to simulations in which only the ITER-98 scaling law is used. These confinement tuning parameters can also be used to represent the effects of various heating sources and other plasma operating parameters on overall plasma performance and may be used in future studies to inform the selection of plasma configurations that are more robust against power excursions.

A thesis presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of M.Sc. in Physiotherapy at the Stellenbosch University. / Thesis (MSc (Interdisciplinary Health Sciences. Physiotherapy))--University of Stellenbosch, 2009. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Background Albeit Virtual Reality (VR) has been shown to be a useful adjunct in the reduction of pain during burn care and therapy, the current VR systems are expensive and may not be economically feasible for developing countries such as South Africa, where health budgets are stringent. Objective The purpose of this study was to ascertain the effect of a lowcost VR system (eMagin Z800 3DVisor), used in conjunction with pharmacologic analgesics, on reducing pain and anxiety in adult burn injury patients undergoing physiotherapy treatment, compared to pharmacologic analgesics alone at a South African hospital. Study design Single-blinded, within-subject study design. Methods Pain and anxiety outcome measures were measured by a blinded assessor using the Numeric Pain Rating Scale and Burn Specific Pain and Anxiety Scale. Descriptive statistics, Chi-square tests as well as the Student’s paired t-test were used to analyze data. Main findings Eleven eligible adult burn injury patients consented to participate in this study (3 female, 8 male; median age 33 years: range 23-54 years). A marginal (p=0.06) to insignificant (p=0.13) difference between the two conditions (analgesics with VR and analgesics alone) in reducing pain was found. No significant difference (p=0.58) was found between the two conditions (analgesics with VR and analgesics alone) for anxiety. Interpretation There is a trend that a low-cost VR system, when added to routine pharmacologic analgesics, is an economically feasible and safe adjunct therapy and could be of considerable benefit if implemented into the current pain management regimen of burn injury patients at a South African Hospital. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Agtergrond Ofskoon dit al bewys is dat Virtuele Realiteit (VR) ’n nuttige hulpmiddel is om pyn tydens die versorging en behandeling van brandslagoffers te verlig, is die huidige VR stelsels duur en dalk nie uitvoerbaar in ontwikkelende lande soos Suid-Afrika waar die gesondheidsbegrotings beperk is nie. Doel Om die uitwerking te bepaal van ’n laekoste VR stelsel (eMagin Z800 3DVisor) op die vermindering van pyn en angs by volwasse pasiënte met brandwonde wat fisioterapeutiese behandeling in ’n Suid-Afrikaanse hospitaal ondergaan. Studieplan ’n Enkel-blinde, binnesubjek-ontwerp. Metodes Volwasse proefpersone is opeenvolgend gewerf by die brandeenheid van die Tygerberg-hospitaal. Die laekoste VR stelsel, tesame met pynstillers, is ewekansig aan een helfte van die pasiënte in’n fisioterapeutiese behandelingsessie toegewys en die proefpersone is slegs een keer getoets. Die pyn en angs se resultaatmetings is deur ’n blinde meting gedoen deur die numeriese pynskattingskaal en die brandspesifieke pyn- en angsskaal te gebruik. Beskrywende statistieke, Chi-kwadraat-toetse en studente se gepaarde t-toets is gebruik om die data te analiseer. Bevindings Elf geskikte volwasse pasiënte met brandwonde het ingestem om aan die studie deel te neem, drie was vroulik en agt was manlik (mediaan-ouderdom 33; reeks 23-54). ’n Marginale (p=0.06) tot onbeduidende verskil (p=0.13) is gevind tussen die twee kondisies om pyn te verlig (met of sonder die toediening van VR). Wat angs betref, is geen beduidende verskille (p=0.58) tussen die twee kondisies (met of sonder die toediening van VR) gevind nie. Interpretasie Daar is ’n neiging dat ’n laekoste VR-stelsel, wanneer dit saam met die gewone farmakologiese pynstillers gebruik word, ’n veilige en ekonomiese praktiese adjunk therapie is en beduidend voordelig kan wees wanneer dit geïmplementeer word as deel van die huidige pynbeheerregimen van brandslagofferpasiënte by ’n Suid-Afrikaanse hospitaal.

This study was designed to determine whether role conflict and role ambiguity are problems among Arizona secondary school counselors. Role conflict and role ambiguity were treated as mediating variables. The relationship of these to a number of personal background and organizational variables were studied, as well as their relationship to the consequent variables of propensity to leave, job satisfaction, and job related tension. The data were gathered by means of a 47 item questionnaire which was sent to all of the 487 secondary school counselors in the state of Arizona. Of the questionnaires, 82 percent were returned in usable form. The data were analyzed in four phases. First, descriptive statistics were developed. In a second stage of analysis, the relationships between all of the variables were explored by means of an intercorrelation matrix. A third stage of analysis employed a multiple regression procedure to determine whether a significant amount of the variance in the consequent variables could be explained by role conflict and role ambiguity. In a final stage of analysis, t-tests were used to determine whether a number of groups that theory would predict should differ in role conflict levels actually had mean scores on the role conflict scales that were significantly different. The eight hypotheses tested resulted in the following findings: The personal background and organizational antecedents having the strongest relationships with role conflict and ambiguity were incongruence between a counselors work ideal and actual job duties, and between a counselors training and the skill demands of the job. Role conflict also seemed to be higher among counselors with excessively large case loads. Both role conflict and role ambiguity had negative relationships with job satisfaction and positive relationships with propensity to leave and job related tension. All of these relationships were significant. In addition, role conflict and ambiguity were shown to account for a significant amount of the variance in these variables. The overall conclusion of the study was that a number of personal background and organizational factors predispose secondary school counselors in Arizona to role stress on the job. This stress in turn predisposes them to a number of undesirable personal outcomes in relation to their work.