Orientador: Glaucia Amorim Faria / Resumo: A passicultura vem sofrendo com patógenos, os quais limitam muito a produtividade e a viabilidade do cultivo de maracujá. Dentre os principais patógenos estão a antracnose (Colletotrichum gloesporioides Penz.), a mancha bacteriana (Xanthomonas campestris pv. passiflorae) e a morte-prematura (Fusarium oxysporum f. passiflorae), esta é a principal doença e gargalo da cultura, limitando o tempo da passicultura de perene para anual. Alternativas que visem a melhoria deste cenário devem ser estudadas, deste modo os objetivos deste trabalho foram: a) avaliar a germinação, contaminação endógena e exógena em sementes de maracujá-azedo comercial (Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa; b) avaliar o estabelecimento in vitro de Passiflora caerulea, Passiflora foetida e Passiflora tenuifila, através do Teste exato de Fisher, Teste do Qui-Quadrado e Índice Kappa para as variáveis de natureza qualitativas e Teste de Tukey e análise de variância para as quantitativas; c) encontrar o tamanho ótimo de parcelas para experimentos em casa de vegetação com Passiflora setacea e Passiflora alata utilizando o método da máxima curvatura modificado. Conclui-se que na germinação o substrato orgânico pode substituir o meio MS, que a giberelina teve um efeito positivo na germinação e que o melhor tratamento físico de semente foi a escarificação. No estabelecimento, as espécies Passiflora caerulea e Passiflora tenuifila apresentaram melhores resultados que a Passiflora foetida, indicando que se adaptaram melhor ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Passiculture has been suffering with a several pathogens problems, which limit the productivity and viability of the passion-fruit culture. Between the mainly pathogens are the antracnosis (Colletotrichum gloesporioides Penz.), the bacterial spot (Xanthomonas campestris pv. passiflorae) and the premature-death (Fusarium oxysporum f. passiflorae), this one, the mainly bottleneck disease of the crop, limiting time of passiculture from perennial to annual. Alternatives aiming at improving of this scenario must been study, that way the objectives of this study was: evaluate the germination, endogen and hexogen contamination of commercial passion-fruit seed (Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa) in factorial design of 10x3 (10 substrates and 3 physical treatments); evaluate the in vitro establishment of Passiflora caerulea, Passiflora foetida and Passiflora tenuifila, through Fisher’s Exact Test, Chi-Square Test and Cohen’s Kappa for the qualitative variables and Tukey’s Test and variance analysis for the quantitatives; find the optimum plot sizes for the experiments on green house with Passiflora setacea and Passiflora alata. Concluded that for the germination the organic substrate can substitute the MS medium, that the gibberellin had a positive effect in germination and that the best physical treatments for seed was scarification. In establishment, the species Passiflora caerulea and Passiflora tenuifila shown better results than Passiflora foetida pointing that those one adapts its... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Laboratory spectroscopy for selected Krkonoše Mts. tundra vegetation species The diploma thesis is focused on testing the methodologies of measuring the reflectance of grasses from the tundra of Krkonoše Mountains (Nardus stricta, Molinia caerulea, Calamagrostis villosa). The spectoradiometer ASD FieldSpec 4 Wide-Res with added contact probe ASD Plant Probe is used for measurements. Since it is not common to measure such narrow leaves that do not cover the whole FOV, the thesis is looking for methodologies that are the most repeatable and influenced by a minimum of errors. Factors influencing the measurement results are also monitored. Furthermore, the differentiation of the studied species is observed based on their spectral properties. Based on the measured data the medians and standard deviations are calculated and compared among each other. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) is used to determine the bands where the influence of individual factors is more apparent and where the individual grasses are distinguishable. As the most suitable methodologies for measuring grasses depend on the grasses structures and properties, the best methodology is different for each of selected species. The two layer leaf measurement is most suitable for the Nardus stricta, the measurement of the abaxial sides of leaves fits...

The theme of this diploma thesis is an assessment of given nutritional parameters in selected kinds of lesser known fruits, specifically 10 varieties of sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.), 12 varieties of cornelian cherry (Cornus mas L.) and 6 varieties of blue honeysuckle (Lonicera caerulea var. kamtschatica). Harvests of two consecutive years (2011 and 2012) were analyzed in the case of blue honeysuckle. The theoretical part was focused on historical, morphological, taxonomic and nutritional aspects of individual plants and food or pharmaceutical utilization. The considerable part of the thesis is devoted to the characterization and the possibilities of determining the contained substances, namely ascorbic acid and polyphenolic compounds, especially anthocyanins. The content of the experimental part was a description of the methods and the results of the analysis of total solids, titratable acidity, total phenolics, total anthocyanins and ascorbic acid in fruits of the selected varieties of the above mentioned fruit species. Based on the measured results, the different varieties of fruits were compared to each other and evaluated.