No description available.

No description available.

During recent years, courts in the United States have in many instances attempted to force other agencies of government to take some sort of affirmative action. In doing so, they have sought repeatedly to force those other agencies to act where, left to their own accord, they would choose not to do so. A specific example of a situation of this sort is the United States Supreme Court's entry into the field of race relations with the issuance of the Brown decision in 1954. Quite obviously, in rendering that decision, the nation's highest court was seeking to force local school boards to act in a manner distinctly at odds with how they would otherwise have chosen to proceed. In the Brown situation and others like it, a crucial question which has arisen is this: to what degree is a court able to force other agencies to act where they otherwise would not? It is, moreover, with this question that this dissertation is concerned. Specifically, this volume seeks to explore the capability of the courts to force unwilling agencies to act in a manner opposed to their natural inclination by exploring the California school finance litigation and the legislative responses to it. What this exploration leads to is the conclusion that, although courts can and do force other agencies to act, their ability to do so is nonetheless limited. Specifically, it would appear that courts can act as agenda setters, thereby forcing other agencies of government to at least consider issues they otherwise would have ignored. Courts also, it would seem, can play some role in the molding of the substantive provisions of a given policy. There, though, their impact would appear not to be a particularly great one; rather, in that regard it would seem that all they are capable of doing is simply prodding other policy-makers in a given direction but little more. Indeed, it would appear that the capacity of courts to act as actual molders of substantive policy is seriously undercut by the fact that the decisions they issue are merely one component of the overall political environment with which nonjudicial officials must be concerned.

No description available.

To date there has been only on major study concerned with parasites of freshwater fishes of California. E. C. Haderlie (1953) summarized investigations up to that year and conducted a general survey of the monogenetic and digenetic trematodes, cestodes, nematodes, acanthocephalans, copepods, and hirudinians of fishes of Northern California. From 2010 fishes representing 36 species of 11 families examined over a three-year period, he obtained a total of 59 species of helminth parasites, copepods, and hirudinians, which include 20 species of digenea and 16 species of cestodes. In addition to the taxonomic study, Haderlie attempted to correlate the relative occurrence of the parasites with various ecological habitats. These data are incomplete, except for a general ecological discussion of the parasites taken from Clear Lake and its contributing streams. In the Sacramento-San Joaquin area the monogenetic trematodes are the only group that has been extensively studied. This work has been done by Dr. J. D. Mizelle of Sacramento State College. The primary purpose of the current investigation is to gain some knowledge of the species of endoparasites of fishes of the San Joaquin Delta. Two hundred and thirty sic fish were examined, including diadromous, potamodramous, anandromous, and territorial species of San Joaquin Delta. This has resulted in the recovery of two previously described and one new adult digenea, three metacercariae, two adult and three larval cestodes,and two cestodarians. Not included in this study are the Acanthocephala and Nematoda. A few cestodes are also not included because of their poor condition. The Host-Parasite List (p. 49) of this paper gives a summary of the fishes examined by Haderlie (H) and the present author (E) with the number of each species examined and the species of trematodes and cestodes recovered.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 2000. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 610-643). Also available on the Internet.

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No description available.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 315-327). / Also available by subscription via World Wide Web / vii, 327 leaves, bound 29 cm

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, Davis, 2004. / Degree granted in Ecology. Also available via the World Wide Web. (Restricted to UC campuses)