Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:25:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-08-29Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:53:17Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 gaspar_hs_me_guara.pdf: 5532943 bytes, checksum: 36914104bcf66e5c6eede927677242df (MD5) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / A existência de satélites irregulares é um tema de interesse científico há muito tempo devido às suas características peculiares, isto é, órbitas bem excêntricas, distantes do planeta e geralmente com altas inclinações em relação ao plano equatorial de seu planeta, chegando a ser em grande parte retrógradas. A existência de famílias de satélites irregulares, caracterizadas pela semelhança dos elementos orbitais dos satélites que as compõem é, ainda hoje, um fato não explicado. Tais características sugerem que os satélites irregulares não tenham sido formados juntamente com os planetas que estes orbitam, como se acredita ser o caso dos satélites regulares. Deste modo, uma explicação coerente para a existência dos mesmos é a captura gravitacional de corpos, formados em outras regiões, a partir de órbitas heliocêntricas após a ocorrência de um encontro próximo com o planeta. Entretanto, sob a dinâmica do Problema Circular Restrito de Três Corpos - PCR3C - capturas gravitacionais têm carater temporário, o que torna necessária a existência de um mecanismo de captura auxiliar. Isto tem incentivado, por anos, à proposição de vários modelos para explicar a existência dos satélites irregulares através da captura gravitacional, dentre os quais três se destacam na literatura: Dissipação por arrasto em gás, Pull-down capture – captura por puxão, interação colisional ou por encontros próximos com satélites pré-existentes, capturas de planetesimais durante encontros planetários e captura de asteróides binários. Considerando a dinâmica de 4-Corpos, investigamos numericamente a viabilidade de um modelo no qual um ente de um asteróide binário é capturado após sofrer um encontro próximo com um Júpiter, avaliando as condições que propiciam a captura de cada um dos membros, realizando um mapeamento dos parâmetros de modo... / The existence of irregular satellites has been the focus of scientific interest for many years. That is due to their peculiar orbital features, i.e., highly eccentric orbits, large distance from the planet and, usually, with high inclination and many of them are retrograde. There are very well characterized families of irregular satellites, whose origin were not explained yet. These features suggest that irregular satellites were not formed together with the planet, during its formation stage, as were the regular ones. Therefore, an explanation for their existence is the gravitational capture of asteroids, originally in heliocentric orbits, that had a close encounter with the planet. However, considering only the Restrict Three Body Problem dynamics, it is not possible to accomplish permanent captures, being necessary the existence of an auxiliary mechanism. Then, several models were proposed in order to generate a permanent capture. Among the most important we found Gas drag dissipation, Pull-down capture, collisional and close encounters interactions with regular satellites, capture during planetary encounters and capture of binary asteroids. The current research had assessed how viable is a 4-body mechanism in which a member body of a binary asteroid remain captured after a close encounter with Jupiter. In order to accomplish that, we have mapped a set o parameters in order to find the proper conditions to yield the capture of one member. From the main results it is shown a very well permanent capture probability of the minor member when the primordial binary asteroid disrupts at a suitable “quadrature” configuration. Finally, it is also shown that this capture mechanism is well explained through energy exchanges.

The present thesis proposes to explore the potential of Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework ZIFs for CO2 capture applications in the conditions required by the Pressure Swing Adsorption separations process. Molecular modelling methods, combining Monte Carlo, Density Functional Theory and ab-initio simulations, were employed to mimic pure and mixture gas adsorption in ZIF materials. A transferable Force Field specifically developed for ZIFs materials is used to characterize a large variety of frameworks. Theses studies enable us to better understand the phenomena acting during adsorption process. Thereby several innovative modifications are proposed to enhance the ZIFs properties for CO2 capture and a series of hypothetical ZIFs are designed, characterized and compared to existing materials. The results cumulated during this thesis were then summarized to propose a first correlative model able to predict ZIF properties from a set of solids descriptors. This study enables to guide the structure design to optimize the ZIF properties.

La capture de mouvement ambulatoire est un sujet en plein essor pour des applications aussi diverses que le suivi des personnes âgées, l'assistance des sportifs de haut niveau, la réhabilitation fonctionnelle, etc. Ces applications exigent que le mouvement ne soit pas contraint par un système externe, qu’il puisse être réalisé dans différentes situations, y compris en extérieur, que l’équipement soit léger et à un faible coût, qu’il soit réellement ambulatoire et sans procédure complexe de calibration.Actuellement, seuls les systèmes utilisant un exosquelette ou bien des modules inertiels (souvent combinés avec des modules magnétiques) permettent d'effectuer de la capture de mouvement de façon ambulatoire. Le poids de l’exosquelette est très important et il impose des contraintes sur les mouvements de la personne, ce qui le rend inutilisable pour certaines applications telles que le suivi de personnes âgées. La technologie inertielle est plus légère. Elle permet d'effectuer la capture du mouvement sans contrainte sur l’espace de mesure ou sur les mouvements réalisés. Par contre, elle souffre de dérives des gyromètres, et le système doit être recalibré.L'objectif de cette thèse est de développer un système de capture de mouvement de chaînes articulées, bas-coût et temps réel, réellement ambulatoire, ne nécessitant pas d'infrastructure de capture spécifique, permettant une utilisation dans de nombreux domaines applicatifs (rééducation, sport, loisirs, etc.).On s'intéresse plus particulièrement à des mesures intra-corporelles. Ainsi, tous les capteurs sont placés sur le corps et aucun dispositif externe n'est utilisé. Outre un démonstrateur final permettant de valider l'approche proposée, on s'astreint à développer également des outils qui permettent de dimensionner le système en termes de technologie, nombre et position des capteurs, mais également à évaluer différents algorithmes de fusion des données. Pour ce faire, on utilise la borne de Cramer-Rao.Le sujet est donc pluridisciplinaire. Il traite des aspects de modélisation et de dimensionnement de systèmes hybrides entièrement ambulatoires. Il étudie des algorithmes d'estimation adaptés au domaine de la capture de mouvement corps entier en traitant les problématiques d'observabilité de l'état et en tenant compte des contraintes biomécaniques pouvant être appliquées. Ainsi, un traitement adapté permet de reconstruire en temps réel la posture du sujet à partir de mesures intra-corporelles, la source étant également placée sur le corps. / Ambulatory motion capture is of great interest for applications ranging for the monitoring of elderly people, sporty performances monitoring, functional rehabilitation, etc. These applications require that the movement is not constrained by an external system, that it can be performed in different situations, including outdoor environment. It requires lightweight and low cost equipment; it must be truly ambulatory without complex process of calibration.Currently, only systems using an exoskeleton or inertial modules (often combined with magnetic modules) can be used in such situations. Unfortunately, the exoskeleton weight is not affordable and it imposes constraints on the movements of the person, which makes it unusable for certain applications such as monitoring of the elderly.Inertial technology is lighter. Itcan be used for the capture of movement without constraints on the capture space or on the movements. However, it suffers from gyros drift, and the system must be recalibrated.The objective of this thesis is to develop a system of motion capture for an articulated chain, low-cost, real-time truly ambulatory that does not require specific capture infrastructure, that can be used in many application fields (rehabilitation, sport, leisure, etc.).We focus on intra-corporal measurements. Thus, all sensors are placed on the body and no external device is used. In addition to a final demonstrator to validate the proposed approach, we also develop tools to evaluate the system in terms of technology, number and position of sensors, but also to evaluate different algorithms for data fusion. To do this, we use the Cramer-Rao lower bound. \\The subject is multidisciplinary. It addresses aspects of modelling and design of fully ambulatory hybrid systems. It studies estimation algorithms adapted to the field of motion capture of a whole body by considering the problem of observability of the state and taking into account the biomechanical constraints that can be taken into account. Thus, with an appropriate treatment, the pose of a subject can be reconstructed in real time from intra-body measurements.

Orientador: Ernesto Vieira Neto / Banca: Othon Cabo Winter / Banca: Helio Koiti Kuga / Resumo: Com o lançamento do primeiro satélite artificial da Terra, Sputnik I, surgiu a necessidade do desenvolvimento de satélites mais eficientes e mais econômicos. Um dos mecanismos utilizados para economizar combustível numa transferência completa de um veículo espacial em órbita da Terra para uma órbita em torno da Lua, é o fenômeno de captura gravitacional temporária. Nesse trabalho é feita a análise numérica de diversas trajetórias em torno da Lua, considerando-se as dinâmicas de três e quatro corpos, com o objetivo de estudar o fenômeno da captura gravitacional temporária, através do monitoramento do sinal da energia relativa de dois corpos partícula-Lua e das componentes radiais das forças gravitacionais da Terra, da Lua e do Sol. Através desses estudos também foram obtidos diversos mapas de escape e colisão, considerando-se os movimentos prógrado e retrógrado. / Abstract: With the launch of the first artificial satellite of the Earth, Sputnik I, arose the necessity of the development of the satellites more efficient and more economic. One of the mechanisms used to save fuel in a complete transference of one spacecraft in orbit of the Earth to an orbit around the Moon, is the phenomena of the temporary gravitational capture. In this paper is made the numerical analysis of the several trajectories around the Moon, considering the dynamics of the three and four-bodies, with the objective of studying the phenomena of temporary gravitational capture, through monitoring the sign of the relative two-body energy particle-Moon and the radial component of the force of attraction, gravitational of the Earth, of the Moon and of the Sun. Though of these studies also were obtained several maps of the escape and collision, considering the prograde and retrograde movements. / Mestre

Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:36:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T13:59:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 03980.pdf: 2316245 bytes, checksum: 417b388f4f1b84fef2568b5807e84716 (MD5) / Dissertacao (Mestrado) / IPEN/D / Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN/CNEN-SP

Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:27:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T14:07:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Dissertacao (Mestrado) / IPEN/D / Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP

Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:51:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T14:10:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Tese (Doutoramento) / IPEN/T / Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN/CNEN-SP

The study focuses in the ecology and conservation of the ocelot (Leopardus pardalis) in the conservation and tourism concession owned by the ARCC. The study site is 11 000 hectares and it is located in the Las Piedras Region, north of Tambopata province, Madre de Dios. Camera traps were used to monitor the ocelot population during a 7-month period (from August 2012 to February 2013), divided in 9 rounds were 73 cameras were installed. The camera traps found 8 independent ocelots, from which only 3 (A1, A3 and A6) were recaptured in more than one occasion. The study did a capture-recapture analysis. The distance traveled by the ocelots from a capture to a recapture site was used to estimate the effective sampled area using the Mean Maximum Distance Moved - MMDM and Half MMDM. The methods yielded a density of 70 individuals/100km2 and 180 individuals/100km2, with full MMDM and Half MMDM, respectively. The study also analyzed the camera trap capture probability with PRESENCE software. Using a closed CR analysis followed by a model of constant capture probability, it yielded a capture probability rate of 0,3 (SE 0,0567). Finally, the ocelot’s habitat preference was also studied using a combination of satellite imagery and GIS software. It was found that these animals frequently use transects aimed for tourists, prefer sites near water and that they avoid bamboo forests. / Este estudio trata sobre la ecología y conservación del ocelote (Leopardus pardalis), en la concesión de conservación y ecoturismo del albergue Amazon Research and Conservation Center - ARCC. El área de estudio, de 11 000 hectáreas, se encuentra ubicada en el distrito de Las Piedras, norte de la provincia de Tambopata, departamento de Madre de Dios, Perú. Se utilizaron cámaras trampa para monitorear la población del felino en un período de siete meses (de agosto de 2012 a febrero de 2013), dividido en nueve rondas donde se instalaron 73 cámaras en total. Fueron ocho ocelotes independientes los identificados, de los cuales solo tres (A1, A3 y A6) fueron recapturados visualmente en más de una ocasión. Se realizó un análisis de captura-recaptura. Las distancias recorridas por los ocelotes entre captura y recaptura se utilizaron para estimar el área efectiva de muestreo usando el método del Promedio de la Máxima Distancia Recorrida - MMDM y Mitad del MMDM. Los métodos dieron como resultado una densidad poblacional de 700 ocelotes/100 km2 y 180 ocelotes/100 km2 con MMDM y Mitad del MMDM, respectivamente. Por otro lado, se analizó la probabilidad de captura de las cámaras trampa con el software PRESENCE. Utilizando un análisis poblacional cerrado y un modelo constante, se halló una detección por ronda de 0,3 (SE 0,0567). Finalmente, también se evaluó la preferencia de hábitat de los ocelotes a través de imágenes satélite. Se halló que la mayoría de los felinos usan transectos turísticos, que prefieren las llanuras aluviales cercanas a las riberas de los ríos y cochas, y que evitan los pantanos.

Motion Capture is an essential part of a world full of digital effects in movies and games. Understanding the pipelines between software is a crucial component of this research. Methods that create the motion capture structure today are reviewed, and how they are implemented in order to create the movements that we see in modern games and movies.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:36:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T13:59:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 03980.pdf: 2316245 bytes, checksum: 417b388f4f1b84fef2568b5807e84716 (MD5) / Dissertacao (Mestrado) / IPEN/D / Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN/CNEN-SP