Since the Industrial Revolution, human beings have emitted huge amounts of greenhouse gases for economic growth, and greenhouse gases may influence climate. To slow down climate change, everyone has to take action. Recently, the carbon footprint (CF) labeling on products offers consumers an opportunity to do so in daily shopping. However, so far a CF label reveals only the amount of CO2 emitted during the product's life cycle, but not the product's relative CO2 emission level (i.e., whether the product emitted more or less CO2 than similar products). This study thus hypothesized that the mere presentation of a CF label would not affect consumers' buying intent. To test this and other related hypotheses, this study ran an experiment with 3 independent variables. The variables are amount of CO2 emitted (400gm or 750gm), CO2-saving signal (given or not given) and price (20 NTD or 30 NTD) of the product, which was a tetra-packed tea. In the CO2-saving signal given condition, the experimenter told the participants either that a green CF label denoted low CO2 emissions (in the 400gm condition) or that a green CF label denoted high CO2 emissions (in the 750gm condition). The label shown, in fact, was always green. In the CO2-saving signal not given condition, the experimenter did not explain the meaning of the label color.A convenient sample of 240 adults joined the experiment. They were randomly assigned to the experiment conditions. Each participant saw a picture of a tetra-packed tea with a CF label and listed price. Results showed that when CO2-saving signal was given, the low-CO2-high-price tea could induce higher buying intent than the high-CO2-low-price tea. When CO2-saving signal was not given, the two conditions did not differ in buying intent. Furthermore, participants' environmental attitude¡Xas measured a scale adapted from Dunlap and van Liere's (1978) New Environmental Paradigm Scale¡Xdid not qualify the above results. These findings suggest that CF label can neither help nor encourage people to choose low-CO2 products, unless it is complemented with a clear CO2-saving signal.

<p>This study investigates the price premium for labeling of carbon-relevant practices and other potentially relevant labels on meat product, including organic, grass-feeding/-fed, gluten-free, and whether it is non-GMO, etc. Prices and labeling information about beef, pork, chicken, and other meat products in selected stores from 48 states were collected via web-scraping and investigated for product claims and labels directly or indirectly related to carbon. Market-observed price premiums for reduced carbon labels or using sustainable practices were investigated alongside impacts of geography on product prices. </p> <p>Our results showed significant price premiums for almost all of the claims investigated. For beef and chicken products the variable/label with the highest price premium associated was <em>Less greenhouse gas </em>and for the pork products, the variable/label <em>Non-GMO</em> was associated with the highest price premium of those studied.</p>

隨著消費者開始意識到自身的購買行為對於環境的影響，環境友善的產品也越來越受歡迎．碳足跡標籤，也就是在標籤上註明一件產品的生命週期所產生的所有碳排放，而其過程就包括了從原料取得到最後被丟棄的整個產品生命週期．產品碳足跡標籤讓消費者了解產品的環境友善程度，也幫助消費者做對環境友善的購買決策．碳足跡標籤也讓消費者成為帶動更永續的未來的主要推力，並激勵企業製造碳足跡較低的產品來維持競爭力． 碳足跡標籤已在全球成為一個越來越普遍的行為，而台灣也正開始推動碳足跡標籤方案．此論文深入研究已發展國家包括英國，美國，法國，日本以及跨國公司包括Walkers，Walmart和Casion Group如何導入碳足跡標籤方案． 接下來將探討台灣以及台灣企業是如何將碳足跡標籤導入到公司以及過程中所碰到的問題與機會． 在台灣企業的部分，宏碁以及泰山為研究對象，由於這兩家企業都是在碳足跡標籤方案的先驅者，並且為不同的產業背景，因此挑選了這兩家深入研究，並探討不同產業導入碳標籤方案的作法． / As consumers become conscious of the impacts of their purchase decision on the environment, environmental friendly products become increasingly popular. By indicating the amount of carbon dioxide produced and emitted throughout a product’s life cycle, from material acquisition to manufacturing to consumption, carbon footprint label give consumers the information to make earth-friendly purchase decisions. Carbon footprint label also makes consumers the driver of a more sustainable future by incentivizing businesses to make lower GHG-content products to increase the competitiveness of products. Carbon footprint label is becoming a popular practice around the world. Taiwan is also learning and doing carbon footprint labelling. This dissertation investigates how carbon footprint labelling is done in advanced countries including the United Kingdom, the United States, France, and Japan and multinational companies including Walkers, Walmart and Casino Group. Then it investigates how carbon footprint labelling is done in Taiwan and how Taiwan businesses approach carbon footprint labelling. Two companies of different industry were interviewed to gain an in-depth understanding of how and why Taiwan businesses implement carbon footprint labelling. From the interviews, insights of the motivation, project planning, execution and questions encountered during the implementation of carbon footprint labelling were revealed. The dissertation then concludes by discussing the limitations that happened during the research and the suggestions for the development of Taiwan’s carbon footprint label.