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No description available.

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Stuttgart, Univ., Diss., 2002.

Kaiserslautern, Universiẗat, Diss., 2002.

No description available.

Existing screening tools are not suitable for the detection of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) in South Africa. Study 1 of the current thesis aimed to establish construct validity of a new screening tool, the Cognitive Assessment Tool-Rapid(CAT-Rapid), in a sample of cognitively healthy South African undergraduates (n = 122).Study 2 investigated the tool¡¯s diagnostic validity in a sample of HIV-positive adult South Africans (n = 89). In Study 1 and Study 2, correlational analyses characterizing the associations between CAT-Rapid subtests and analogous standardized neuropsychological tests sought to establish construct validity. In Study 2, ROC curves, and estimates of sensitivity and specificity values, characterized the CAT-Rapid¡¯s diagnostic validity. Results from Study 1 demonstrated adequate construct validity for the CAT-Rapid in the cognitively healthy sample. Results from Study 2 did not demonstrate construct validity of the tool in the clinical sample. Regarding diagnostic properties, at the recommended cut off score ¡Ü 10, the CAT-Rapid did not demonstrate optimal sensitivity and specificity in the detection of HAND. Future research should investigate how the CAT-Rapid compares to paper-and-pencil screening tests that have demonstrated promising results in studies emerging from the global north.

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Autonomic responses were recorded from five female cats during electrical stimulation of the medial or lateral mammillary nucleus and surrounding hypothalamic areas. In three of the five cats, the only notable responses at ventral levels within both nuclei was a slight pupillary dilatation, while in the remaining two animals slight changes in heartrate, blood pressure and respiration could be detected. In all cases, responses elicited from MMN or LMN were greatly reduced over those obtained at more dorsal levels. Two possible interpretations are offered: 1) The slight autonomic responses elicited from areas within the mammillary capsule can be attributed to the spread of electric current to surrounding tissue controlling such responses, 2) The mammillary bodies can be viewed as having some autonomic functions which are secondary to their major role in a complex behavioral system.