Thesis--Wisconsin. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 84-95).

A rigorous investigation of functional collectives of musculo-skeletal articulators is lacking in DCD literature, in spite of powerful empirical arguments suggesting that they represent a critical unit of control (e.g., coordinative structure theory). Thus, the purpose of this dissertation was to examine how children with and without DCD coordinate and control their actions in a multi-degrees of freedom task, such as ball catching. The first study focused on the development of a protocol and qualitative measures capable of examining ball catching performance in children of varying skill levels. The second study involved a replication of the previously devised protocol with a larger group of individuals with and without DCD. The third phase involved a more in-depth analysis of spatial and temporal aspects of movement coordination and control using kinematics. Typically developing boys effectively coordinated and controlled their actions regardless of the task constraints. This confirms that by 10-11 years of age ball catching, and the underlying perceptual-motor mechanisms, are well developed. The analysis of the emerging tendencies showed that they coupled and decoupled the existing spatio-temporal coordinative relations depending on the task constraints, and biomechanical properties of the relevant elements involved. This supports the notion that optimal movement coordination reflects the ability to re-organize the relevant coordinative structures, given the existing constraints.

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Mechanical and hand catching of broilers were performed to determine if differences existed in breast meat quality among catching methods. Meat quality results were summarized using a two-prong approach to investigate if average differences existed in meat quality through the determination of ultimate pH, rapid pH decline, color, water holding capacity, and tenderness within each treatment and by pinpointing individual quality problems within treatments. Two trials were conducted and revealed greater variation in meat quality during summer in comparison to winter within treatments in both catching methods. In winter, there was a lower incidence (p<0.05) of paleness in birds that were crated for 2h prior to euthanasia in comparison to birds immediately euthanized after catching within both hand and machine catching methods. Mechanical catching and crating for 2 hours was conducive to slightly better quality meat than hand catching in respect to averages and individual quality problems.

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Abstract The development of fiber optics industry in Taiwan , comparing with advanced countries is a model of the development of the catching-up economies. The developed countries have already accumulated enough resources and capabilities from the past centuries to build the ability of R&D innovation , processing innovation, and assembly innovation in sequence. The catching-up countries are unable to obtain the same power and financial status as that of the developed countries are primarily due to the less technological advancement. The catching-up economies must initially proceed with the method of reverse engineering. The step initiates with creating the assembly innovation and ends with research pertinent to the utilization of intensive brain-power. The research studies attempts to integrate several related theories and models and form an analytical structure for fiber optics industry in Taiwan. The research studies also discusses the feasibility of fiber optics in Taiwan from both market and technological view , generates several conclusions from the studies , and makes a lot of strategic suggestions for fiber optics industry in Taiwan.

Recent years have witnessed many significant changes in the global technology landscape. An interesting change we have observed is that some traditional technology late-coming countries such as China and Korea have started to emerge as influential players in the international arena of technology innovation. Historically, developed countries, holding incomparable advantages in financial markets and technologically intensive industries, have naturally taken the lead in technology innovation; while severe deficiencies and challenges are normally faced for developing, or late-coming countries, in innovation. In the literature, strong support from the government has been proven to be crucial for late-coming countries to overcome the deficiencies and to catch up in technology innovation. Based on innovation system perspective, this dissertation aims to understand how the government intervention in technological innovation system (TIS) promotes technology innovation, especially that in the catching-up context. This dissertation examines two technology innovation cases in China, namely the TD-SCDMA and TD-LTE mobile system innovations. A theoretical framework is developed based on institutional theory to structure the case studies. Qualitative methods including documentary research and semi-structured interviews are applied for data collection. This research concludes that, in the stages of technology development and technology diffusion, different TIS functions need to be achieved and different challenges are faced, which require government intervention. The government could analyse how TIS functions are achieved and how challenges are formed in relation to the TIS structural components, in order to determine the intervention strategy. Government can take both direct intervention on TIS actors, and indirect intervention through impacting TIS institutional environment, with regulative, normative and cognitive instruments. In the catching-up context, government interventions contribute more to path-breaking type technology innovations than path-dependent ones in terms of ensuring the success of innovation. Practical implications for the government to effectively intervene in innovation initiatives are given.

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For decades, the relationship between journalists and PR representatives has been found to be a difficult one, due to a lot of economic and professional pressure on journalists, and PR agents trying to push their agenda. Digitalization has brought many new tools into the game and one of them is turning this relationship around: Media Catching. Such services put the power back into the hands of journalists and other content creators, by giving them the opportunity of crowdsourcing sources for their specific stories by sending out a request to a big pool of sources including PR agents, entrepreneurs, experts etc. While such services are growing in the US, they are not established in Sweden yet. Hence, this study looks at two questions: (1) How should a media catching service in Sweden be designed, in order to meet the requirements of the Swedish media and PR landscape? (2) For which different target groups within the Media and PR landscape could this service be beneficial? To find answers, this research conducted qualitative interviews with three representatives of the Swedish media and five PR agents and/or entrepreneurs. Literature research, previous studies and a benchmark analysis of media catching services delivered further insights. In terms of designing a media catching service, the results showed that it should allow journalists to choose whether they want to be contacted via mail, phone or social media; it should send out requests via mail; different Facebook integrations are discussed due to its big popularity; it should include an option for users to gather the contacts they made through the service; the question whether it should offer an online community should further be investigated; Users should be given personalization and targeting options so that sources can choose how often and which media requests they want to receive, and so that content creators can send their requests to their specific target group. At least four different user groups were found that could benefit of a media catching service in Sweden. Due to their different demands, knowledge and target groups the media catching service should either focus only on two of these groups or offer enough targeting and personalization options to make it successful for all of them. Finally, it is important to ensure quality on a media catching platform which can be achieved through different steps, like offering trainings for the users or implementing different control functions. Hence, when establishing a media catching service in Sweden, all of the above mentioned findings can serve as a guideline for designing it and for understanding which groups could be targeted with it to create a user base. / Sedan årtionden tillbaka har förhållandet mellan journalister och PR-representanter visat sig vara problematiskt, på grund av en både större ekonomisk och professionell press på journalister samt att PR-agenter trycker på att få igenom sin egen agenda. Digitaliseringen har medfört många nya verktyg och förhållningssätt, och speciellt ett kan skifta den här balansen: Media Catching. Sådana tjänster ger tillbaka makten till journalister och andra innehållsskapare, genom att ge dem möjligheten att använda? crowdsourcing källor för deras specifika berättelser genom att skicka ut en förfrågan till en stor grupp av källor inklusive kommunikatörer, entreprenörer, experter mm. Även om sådana tjänster växer i USA har de inte blivit etablerade i Sverige ännu. Denna studie fokuserar därför på två frågor: (1) Hur ska en media catching-tjänst i Sverige utformas för att svara mot förutsättningarna i svenska medier och PR- landskap? (2) Vilka målgrupper inom media och PR skulle dra fördel av denna tjänst? För att svara på detta genomfördes kvalitativa intervjuer med tre företrädare för svenska medier och fem PR-agenter och / eller företagare. Litteratursökning, tidigare studier och ett benchmark analys av media catching -tjänster resulterade i vidare insikter. När det gäller att utforma en media catching-tjänst, visade resultaten att den bör tillåta journalister att välja om de vill bli kontaktade via e-post, telefon eller sociala medier; Den bör skicka ut förfrågningar via e-post; olika sammankopplingar via Facebook diskuteras på grund av sin höga popularitet; den bör innehålla en möjlighet för användare att samla kontakterna de får via tjänsten; frågan om den bör erbjuda en online community bör vidare undersökas; Användarna bör ges anpassningsmöjligheter för egna preferenser så att källor kan välja hur ofta och vilka mediaförfrågningar de vill ta emot, och så att innehållsskapare kan skicka sina ansökningar till deras specifika målgrupp. Minst fyra olika användargrupper hittades som skulle kunna dra nytta av en media catching tjänst i Sverige. På grund av deras olika behov, kunskap och målgrupp borde media fånga tjänsten antingen bara fokusera på två av dessa grupper eller erbjuda tillräckligt med inriktning och personaliseringsalternativ för att göra den framgångsrik för alla fyra. Slutligen är det viktigt att säkerställa kvaliteten på en media catching plattform vilket kan uppnås genom olika steg, som att erbjuda utbildningar för användarna eller att genomföra olika styrfunktioner. Därav, vid upprättandet av en media catching tjänst i Sverige, samtliga ovannämnda resultat kan tjäna som en riktlinje för att utforma tjänsten och för att förstå vilka grupper som skulle kunna utformas med den för att skapa en användarbas.